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Ucsp 1

The document discusses how society is organized through groups and relationships. It covers primary and secondary groups, in-groups and out-groups, and kinship including families, marriage, and living arrangements. Kinship is formed by blood, marriage, rituals, and different types of families are also outlined.

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18 views4 pages

Ucsp 1

The document discusses how society is organized through groups and relationships. It covers primary and secondary groups, in-groups and out-groups, and kinship including families, marriage, and living arrangements. Kinship is formed by blood, marriage, rituals, and different types of families are also outlined.

Uploaded by

alejandroleaharnee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HOW SOCIETY IS ORGANIZED?

No Man is an Island
No Man Stands Alone

GROUP?
Noun: a member of people or things that are located close together
Verb: put together or place in a group or
groups

4 ways to identify a group


1. Members of a group have shared identity
2. Members of a group interact regularly
3. Social groups have a social structure
4. Social groups depend on consensus

Types of Groups according to


1. Nature of Social Ties
* Primary (family, neighbor)
* Secondary
II. Social Identification
* in-groups
* out-groups
* reference

1. Nature of Social Ties

1. a. Primary Group
- small size and characterized by personal, intimate and non-specialized
relationships between their members
- ex. family, basketball team, a couple, etc
- Long lasting relationships

1. b. Secondary Group
- formal, impersonal group in which there is little social intimacy or mutual
understanding
- ex. business organization, political parties, labor union, etc.
- relationship between members is very superficial and there is only indirect
exertion of influence amongst them.
- Temporary people

II. Social Identification


a. In-group
- A member can identify himself/ herself within that group.
- indicators for group identification:
ethnicity, faith,ideology, common interest, past time or hobbies, etc

b. Out-group
- group or category to which people feel they do not belong

c. Reference
- group that people use as a standard in evaluating or understanding themselves,
their attitudes and their behavior

Marriage, Family and Kinship

Kinship - social institution that refers to relations formed between members di


society.
Types of Kinship

A. Kinship by blood- Consanguineal kinship or kinship based on bloodis considered


as the most basic and general form of relations. The relationship is achieved by
birth or blood alinity.

Examples: parents and their children, between siblings, between nieces nephews and
aunts/
uncles

Descent- refers to biological relationship; individual's child or


offspring or ancestry.

Lineage- refers to the line where one's descent is traced.

Unilineal Descent- traced through a single of ancestor tom ether male and female
line.

a) Patrilineal- both males and females belong to the kin group of their father.
Only the males pass on to their children ther amily
identity

b) Matrilineal- descent that is traced through the female line.

c) Bilateral - descent chrough the study ot hoth parents ancestors.

Relationship according to Authority


1. PATRIARCHAL - a group in which the father or eldest male is recognized as the
head of the family, kinship group, or tribe
2. MATRIARCHAL - a group in which the mother or eldest female is recognized as the
head of the family, kinship group, or tribe
3. EQUALITARIAN - equal sharing of pracical responsibilities and decisions making
by men and women.

• Affinal kinship or kinship based on marriage refers to the type of relations


developed when a marriage occurs. This type of kinship is forged by marriage
alliances.
• Marriage is an important social institution wherein two persons, a man and a
woman, enter into family life. During this process, the partners make a public,
official, and permanent declaration of their union as lifetime
couples.

Various forms of marriages

1. Monogamy- happens when both married partners only have ONE spouse or sexual
partner.

Polygamy - occurs when one individual has multiple spouses or sexual mate.

a) polygyny- a man has multiple female partners or mates

b) polyandry- a woman has multiple male partners and mates.

"Legal union of one man and one woman as husband and wife" -
Black Law Dictionary

"special contract of permanent union between a man and woman entered into in
accordance with law for the establishment of. conjugal and family life" - Art. 1
Family Code of the Philippine:
A conjugal property is considered only for MARRIED COUPLES

* Endogamy - compulsory marriage, in their or vilage, community, ethnic, social or


religious group.
* Exogamy or out-marriage - relers to a marriage custom where an individual is
required by society's norms and rules to marry outside of their own group,
community, or social classes.

REFERRED MARRIAGE AND


ARRANGED MARRIAGES

* Referred Marriage- happens through the help of a matchmaker

* Arranged Marriages- also known as fixed marriage, in this kind of marriage, the
man or woman's parents, community leaders, religious officials or leaders determine
the marital partner of the individual.

Types of arranged marriages:

a) Child marriage- happens when parents arrange for the marriage of their child
long before the marriage takes place.

b) Exchange marriage- there is a reciprocal exchange of spouses between 2


countries, tribes, or groups.

c) Diplomatic marriage- arranged marriage has been established between 2 royal or


political families in order to forge political or diplomatic alliances.
a) Modern arranged marriage- the child's parents, with the consent of the child,
choose from several possible mates.

POST-MARITAL RESIDENCY RULES


* Neolocal- independent rom the place ol residence ol both ol the newlywed's
parents.
* Patrilocal- rule of residence when married couples stay in the house dihe
husband's relatives or near the husband's kin.
* Matrilocal- rule of residence when the couples live with the miles relatives or
near the wife's kin.
* Bilocal- residence happens when the newlywed couple stay with the husband's
relatives and the vite's kin alternately.

KINSHIP BY RITUALS
- Compadrazgo "godparenthood" - ritualized form of forging co- parenthood or
family. Done through the performance of Catholic rituals like baptism,
confirmation, and marriage.
- Compadre or kumpare for the male godparent and kumare for the female godparent.

THE FAMILY & THE HOUSEHOLD

* Family is considered the basic unit of social organization.


* Made up of a group of individuals who are linked together by marriage, blood
relations, or adoption.
* Nuclear family- made up of a married couple and their biological or adopted child
or children.
* Extended family- type of family whose members go beyond the nuclear family made
up of parents and their offspring.
* Blended family- a type of family where the parents have a child or children from
previous marital relationships but all the members stay and congregate to form a
new family unit. It is sometimes called a step family, reconstituted family.

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