Meen211101109 Ali Armghan Sabir

Lab Report 05
To find the deformation in a simply supported I-beam with uniformly varying load
application across the whole span, numerically and analytically

Problem Statement:
A I-section beam composed of structural steel material is subjected to a uniformly varying
load in cantilever state. Do simulation on ANSYS Workbench for Non-linear bending
analysis and then validate results by hand calculation.
Input Data:
We draw a I-section beam in ANSYS module. Its length is 500 mm and total height is 106
mm. Its width is 103 mm. Web thickness of I-beam structure is 7.1 mm. Flange thickness of
beam is 8.8 inch. Flange has a chamfer of 6 mm.
Assumptions:
We assumed “Structural Steel NL” as a material for I-section beam with a value of Y=250
MPa and Tangent Modulus for Bilinear Isotropic Hardening is 1450 MPa. Our units are US
Customary units.

Procedure:
1. Open Static Structure Analysis form left toolbox of Analysis Systems
2. Then double click on engineering data to add a required material, i.e. mild steel.
3. Now again in work bench, open geometry in Design Modeler and draw according to
given data. Then save it and exit the modeler.
4. Now mesh the model with default mesh sizing and add named selections if required.
Then refine the mesh sizing and save the project.
5. Apply boundary conditions and then the loadings conditions as given. Then save the
project.
6. Now click on solution and select the stress, deformation, then click solve.
7. It will show the ANSYS analysis of stress and deformation in geometry window. The
minimum and maximum values will be shown on side with colors.
8. Save the images of all analysis and save the project report.

Analytical Solution:
ANSYS Workbench is a computer-aided engineering (CAE) software that includes a module
for static structural analysis. Static structural analysis in ANSYS Workbench involves the use
of finite element analysis (FEA) to determine the behavior of a structure under static loads.

To perform a static structural analysis in ANSYS Workbench, the user must first define;

 The geometry of the structure

 Specify the material properties
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 Apply the appropriate Boundary conditions and loads

The software then divides the structure into small elements and solves the equations of
motion to determine the stress, strain, and displacement at each point.

The results of the analysis can be visualized using ANSYS Workbench's post-processing
tools, which allow the user to view the stress and strain distribution throughout the structure,
identify potential failure modes, and optimize the design to improve the structure's
performance and safety.

Numerically:
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 Meen211101109 Ali Armghan Sabir

Procedure of Modeling and Analysis in Static Structure

1. Create Analysis System

From left, Analysis System toolbox opening Static Structure Analysis form and set the
required units in millimeter and then Save the Project.

Figure 1: ANSYS Workbench

2. Engineering Data

Double click on the Engineering data and add the Young’s Modulus value of the
necessary material.

Figure 2: Engineering data

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3. Geometry

Open the geometry, Select the XY-Plane and draw the I-Section from Cross section option to
choose I-Section according to dimension and then click on Generate. These are the given
dimensioning of this I-Section beam (W1 = W2 = 103 mm W3 = 106 mm). And Thickness
(T1
= T2 = 8.8mm T3 = 7.1 mm).

Figure 3: Design modeler

 Extrude and Chamfer

Now, Extrude the model 500 mm long and then click on Generate. And apply chamfer on the
inside edge with radius 5 mm as shown in fig. below;

Figure 4: Design modeler (chamfer)

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Figure 5: Design modeler (extrude)

4. Model

Adequate mesh density on contact surface can be used to distribute contact stresses smoothly.
The mesh should be able to capture the effects of non-linearity, if you want linearity. Now
apply meshing on the model with the sizing value 5 mm and then click on a generate mesh.

Figure 6: Meshing
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5. Setup

All inertial load, structural, imported and interaction loads are applicable. Loads and supports
also vary depending on time. In Static Structural, apply boundary condition like fixed support
at one end and other end. Keep X and Y components is constant in displacement support.
Now exert Pressure at the above face of the beam with 1450 MPa magnitude value and set
the direction along the Y-axis (downward).

Figure 7: Setup

6. Directional Deformation

Figure 8: Directional deformation

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Comments

From this lab, we come to know that

 We can observe how the corresponding forces work on the I-Section beam
under pressure.
 The maximum value of direction deformation is 5.3155e-002 mm while the
minimum value is -5.3182e-002 mm.
 We also see the Animation, to analyze the problem of how deflection or other
parameters are acting on beam.
Report generated by Ansys:

Project

First Saved Wednesday, March 13, 2024

Last Saved Wednesday, March 13, 2024

Product Version 16.0 Release

Save Project Before No

Solution
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Save Project After Solution No

Contents
• Units
• Model (A4) o Geometry
Solid o Coordinate Systems o Mesh
o Static Structural (A5)
 Analysis Settings
 Loads
 Solution (A6)
 Solution Information
 Results
• Material Data
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Meen211101109 Ali Armghan Sabir

o Structural Steel NL
Units

TABLE 1
Unit System Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA) Degrees rad/s Celsius

Angle Degrees

Rotational rad/s
Velocity
Temperature Celsius

Model (A4)
Geometry
TABLE 2
Model (A4) > Geometry

Object Name Geometry

State Fully Defined

Definition

Source

Type DesignModeler

Length Unit Meters

Element Control Program Controlled

Display Style Body Color

Bounding Box

Length X 103. mm

Length Y 106. mm

Length Z 500. mm

Properties

Volume 1.2562e+006 mm³

Mass 9.8613 kg

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Scale Factor Value 1.

Statistics

Bodies 1

Active Bodies 1

Nodes 14775

Elements 2166

Mesh Metric None

Basic Geometry Options

Parameters Yes

Parameter Key DS

Attributes No

Named Selections No

Material Properties No

Advanced Geometry Options

Use Associativity Yes

Coordinate Systems No

Reader Mode Saves Updated File No

Use Instances Yes

Smart CAD Update No

Compare Parts On Update No

Attach File Via Temp File Yes

Temporary Directory

Analysis Type 3-D

Decompose Disjoint Geometry Yes

Enclosure and Symmetry Yes

Processing
TABLE 3

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Model (A4) > Geometry > Parts

Object Name Solid

State Meshed

Graphics Properties

Visible Yes

Transparency 1

Definition

Suppressed No

Stiffness Behavior Flexible

Coordinate System Default Coordinate

System
Reference By Environment
Temperature
Material

Assignment Structural Steel NL

Nonlinear Effects Yes

Thermal Strain Effects Yes

Bounding Box

Length X 103. mm

Length Y 106. mm

Length Z 500. mm

Properties

Volume 1.2562e+006 mm³

Mass 9.8613 kg

Centroid X -3.259e-015 mm

Centroid Y 53. mm

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Centroid Z 250. mm

Moment of Inertia Ip1 2.244e+005 kg·mm²

Moment of Inertia Ip2 2.1175e+005 kg·mm²

Moment of Inertia Ip3 25270 kg·mm²

Statistics

Nodes 14775

Elements 2166

Mesh Metric None

Coordinate Systems

TABLE 4
Model (A4) > Coordinate Systems > Coordinate System
Object Name Global Coordinate System

State Fully Defined

Definition

Type Cartesian

Coordinate System ID 0.

Origin

Origin X 0. mm

Origin Y 0. mm

Origin Z 0. mm

Directional Vectors

X Axis Data [ 1. 0. 0. ]

Y Axis Data [ 0. 1. 0. ]

Z Axis Data [ 0. 0. 1. ]

Mesh

TABLE 5

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Model (A4) > Mesh

Object Name Mesh

State Solved

Display

Display Style Body Color

Defaults

Physics Preference Mechanical

Relevance 0

Sizing

Use Advanced Size Function Off

Relevance Center Coarse

Element Size 8.80 mm

Initial Size Seed Active Assembly

Smoothing Medium

Transition Fast

Span Angle Center Coarse

Minimum Edge Length 8.48530 mm

Inflation

Use Automatic Inflation None

Inflation Option Smooth Transition

Transition Ratio 0.272

Maximum Layers 5

Growth Rate 1.2

Inflation Algorithm Pre

View Advanced Options No

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Patch Conforming Options

Triangle Surface Mesher Program Controlled

Patch Independent Options

Topology Checking No

Advanced

Number of CPUs for Parallel Part Program Controlled

Meshing
Shape Checking Standard Mechanical

Element Midside Nodes Program Controlled

Straight Sided Elements No

Number of Retries Default (4)

Extra Retries For Assembly Yes

Rigid Body Behavior Dimensionally

Reduced
Mesh Morphing Disabled

Defeaturing

Pinch Tolerance Please Define

Generate Pinch on Refresh No

Automatic Mesh Based Defeaturing On

Defeaturing Tolerance Default

Statistics

Nodes 14775

Elements 2166

Mesh Metric None

Static Structural (A5)

TABLE 6
Model (A4) > Analysis

Object Name Static Structural (A5)

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State Solved

Definition

Physics Type Structural

Analysis Type Static Structural

Solver Target Mechanical APDL

Options

Environment Temperature 22. °C

Generate Input Only No

TABLE 7
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Analysis Settings

Object Name Analysis Settings

State Fully Defined

Step Controls

Number Of Steps 1.

Current Step Number 1.

Step End Time 1. s

Auto Time Stepping Program Controlled

Solver Controls

Solver Type Program Controlled

Weak Springs Program Controlled

Solver Pivot Checking Program Controlled

Large Deflection Off

Inertia Relief Off

Restart Controls

Generate Restart Points Program Controlled

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Retain Files After Full Solve No

Nonlinear Controls

Newton-Raphson Option Program Controlled

Force Convergence Program Controlled

Moment Convergence Program Controlled

Displacement Convergence Program Controlled

Rotation Convergence Program Controlled

Line Search Program Controlled

Stabilization Off

Output Controls

Stress Yes

Strain Yes

Nodal Forces No

Contact Miscellaneous No

General Miscellaneous No

Store Results At All Time Points

Analysis Data Management

Solver Files Directory

Future Analysis None

Scratch Solver Files

Directory
Save MAPDL db No

Delete Unneeded Files Yes

Nonlinear Solution Yes

Solver Units Active System

Solver Unit System Nmm

TABLE 8

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Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Loads

Object Name Fixed Support Pressure

State Fully Defined

Scope

Scoping Method Geometry Selection

Geometry 1 Face

Definition

Type Fixed Support Pressure

Suppressed No

Define By Normal To

Magnitude Tabular Data

Tabular Data

Independent Z
Variable
Coordinate System Global Coordinate System

Graph Controls

X-Axis Z

FIGURE 1
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Pressure

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TABLE 9
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Pressure

Z Pressure [MPa]
[mm]
0. 0.

500. 4.

Solution (A6)

TABLE 10
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution

Object Name Solution (A6)

State Solved

Adaptive Mesh Refinement

Max Refinement Loops 1.

Refinement Depth 2.

Information

Status Done

Post Processing

Calculate Beam Section No

Results
TABLE 11
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Solution Information

Object Name Solution Information

State Solved

Solution Information

Solution Output Solver Output

Newton-Raphson Residuals 0

Update Interval 2.5 s

Display Points All

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FE Connection Visibility

Activate Visibility Yes

Display All FE Connectors

Draw Connections Attached To All Nodes

Line Color Connection Type

Visible on Results No

Line Thickness Single

Display Type Lines

TABLE 12
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Results

Object Name Total Equivalent Stress Equivalent Elastic

Strain
Deformation
State Solved

Scope

Scoping Method Geometry Selection

Geometry All Bodies

Definition

Type Total Equivalent (von-Mises) Equivalent Elastic

Stress Strain
Deformation
By Time

Display Time Last

Calculate Yes
Time History

Identifier

Suppressed No

Results

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Minimum 0. mm 3.5905e-003 MPa 3.7074e-008 mm/mm

Maximum 1.206 mm 301.06 MPa 1.5095e-003 mm/mm

Minimum Value Over Time

Minimum 0. mm 7.1819e-004 MPa 7.4119e-009 mm/mm

Maximum 0. mm 3.5905e-003 MPa 3.7074e-008 mm/mm

Maximum Value Over Time

Minimum 0.24086 mm 83.713 MPa 4.1856e-004 mm/mm

Maximum 1.206 mm 301.06 MPa 1.5095e-003 mm/mm

Information

Time 1. s

Load Step 1

Substep 4

Iteration Number 5

Integration Point Results

Display Option Averaged

Average No
Across Bodies

FIGURE 2
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Total Deformation

TABLE 13

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Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Total Deformation

Time Minimum [mm] Maximum

[s] [mm]
0.2 0. 0.24086

0.4 0.48172

0.7 0.84301

1. 1.206

FIGURE 3
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Equivalent Stress

TABLE 14
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Equivalent Stress
Time [s] Minimum [MPa] Maximum
[MPa]
0.2 7.1819e-004 83.713

0.4 1.4364e-003 167.43

0.7 2.5137e-003 292.99

1. 3.5905e-003 301.06

FIGURE 4
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Equivalent Elastic Strain

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TABLE 15
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Equivalent Elastic Strain
Time [s] Minimum [mm/mm] Maximum
[mm/mm]
0.2 7.4119e-009 4.1856e-004

0.4 1.4824e-008 8.3713e-004

0.7 2.5942e-008 1.465e-003

1. 3.7074e-008 1.5095e-003

Material Data
Structural Steel NL
TABLE 16
Structural Steel NL > Constants

Density 7.85e-006 kg mm^-3

Specific 4.34e+005 mJ kg^-1 C^-1

Heat
TABLE 17
Structural Steel NL > Isotropic Elasticity
Temperature Young's Modulus Poisson's Bulk Modulus Shear Modulus
C MPa Ratio MPa MPa

2.e+005 0.3 1.6667e+005 76923

TABLE 18
Structural Steel NL > Bilinear Isotropic Hardening

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Yield Strength Tangent Modulus Temperature C
MPa MPa
250 1450