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Notes Ch7 Straight Lines

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
12 views37 pages

Notes Ch7 Straight Lines

Uploaded by

zuheir esawi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 37

Tuesday, 1 /10/ 2023 Mathematics Department

Worksheet 2
Grade 10 - IB
Chapter 7
Name: _____________ Teacher: Kamal Banat

Straight Line Graphs


Question 1 - What are the coordinates of the points marked on the following grid:
A( , )
B( , )
C( , )
D( , )
E( , )
F( , )

Question 2 - The coordinates of the corners of a shape are (2, 4), (4, 1), (2, – 2), (– 2, – 2), (– 4, 1) and

(– 2, 4).
(a) Draw the shape on the grid above.
(b) What is the name of the shape? .....................................................

Question 3 - (a) Plot the points with coordinates: (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5) and (5, 6).

(b) Draw a straight line through these points.


(c) Describe how the x- and y-coordinates of these points are related.
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 1 of 37
Plotting Graphs Given Their Equations

Question 4 - Determine the gradient of each of the following lines:

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 2 of 37


Question 5 Determine the gradient of each of the following lines:

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 3 of 37


Drawing accurate graphs
Question 6 -

(c) On the

(c) On the same axes draw a line through (0, ‒3) with gradient ‒3

Question 7 – Exercise 1 page 239

Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 4 of 37


Question 8 – Exercise 1 page 240

The Equation of a Straight Line


Forms of equations of straight lines

Slope-intercept form Point-slope form General form

y = mx + c y – y0 = m(x – x0) Ax + By + C = 0

Slope-intercept form: y = mx + c
m is the gradient and c is the y – intercept

Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 5 of 37


Question 9 -

and write down the gradient and y-intercept of each equation


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Question 10 - Determine the equation of the line shown below:

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 6 of 37


Question 11 - Find the equation of the line with graph:

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Question 12

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 7 of 37


Question 13 - Copy and complete the following table:

The Equation of a Line Given the gradient and a point which lies on the line
Question 14

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 8 of 37


2
Question 15 – A line has gradient ‒ and passes through the point (‒3, 1).
3

Find the equation of the line give your answer in Slope-intercept form
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Question 16

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 9 of 37


The Equation of a Line Given Two Points

Question 17 - Use the gradient formula to find the gradient of the line segment connecting:
a) (4, 7) and (3, 2) b) (0, 0) and (4, −3) c) (−3, −2) and (−1, −5)
d) (5, −1) and (5, −5) e) (0, 2) and (−2, −5) f) (−2, −2) and (−1, 0)
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 10 of 37
Question 18
Find, in gradient-intercept form, the equation of the line which passes through A(3, 2) and B(5, —1).
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Question 19 - Determine the equation of the line that joins the points with coordinates
(4, 8) and (10, 11).
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 11 of 37


Question 20

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Question 21

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 12 of 37


Parallel and perpendicular lines
Parallel lines

Question 22

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Question 23 - The graph shows two


perpendicular lines, A and B:
(a) Calculate the gradient of A and write down
its equation.
(b) Calculate the gradient of B and write down
its equation.
(c) Describe how the gradients of the lines are
related.
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 13 of 37
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The lines l1, l2 have gradients m1 and m2. If the lines are parallel then m1 = m2.
If the lines are perpendicular then m1× m2. = −1

Question 24
A straight line has equation y = 5 – 3x
(a) Write down the gradient of the line.
Answer (a) ................................... [1]
(b) Write down the coordinates of the point where the line crosses the y axis.

Answer (b)(…......… ,......……)[1]

Question 25
The points A (6,2) and B(8,5) lie on a straight line.
(a) Work out the gradient of this line.

Answer (a)................................................... [1]


(b) Work out the equation of the line, giving your answer in the form y = mx + c.

Answer (b)................................................... [2]


Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 14 of 37
Question 26
Find the equation of the line that is:
• parallel to y = 2x + 1
• and passes though the point (5,4)

Question 27
Find the equation of the line that
• is perpendicular to the line y = 3x – 1
and
• passes through the point (7, 4).

Question 28
(a) Calculate the gradient of the line l.

(b) Write down the equation of the line that is parallel to the line l and passes through the point (4, 12) .

Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 15 of 37


Question 29

In the diagram, the line AC has equation 2x + 3y = 17 and the line AB has equation 4x – y = 6.
The lines BC and AB intersect at B(1, −2).
The lines AC and BC intersect at C(4, 3).
(a) Use algebra to find the coordinates of the point A.

Answer (a)................................................... [3]


(b) Find the equation of the line BC.

Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 16 of 37


Answer (b)...................................................[3]

Graphing a straight line


Lines in gradient-intercept form
To draw the graph of y = mx + c we:
✓ Use the y-intercept c to plot the point (0, c).
✓ Use x and y-steps from the gradient m to locate another point on the line.
✓ Join the two points and extend the line in either direction.
Lines in general form
To draw the graph of ax + by = d we:
✓ Find the y-intercept by letting x = 0.
✓ Find the x-intercept by letting y = 0.
✓ Join the points where the line cuts the axes and extend the line in either direction.
The point where a straight line meets the x-axis is called its x-intercept.
The point where a straight line meets the y-axis is called its y-intercept.

Question 30

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 17 of 37


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Question 31

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 18 of 37
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Question 32

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 19 of 37


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Question 33

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Question 34

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 20 of 37


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The distance between two points


The distance formula

Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 21 of 37


Question 35 - Find the distance between these points using the distance formula:
a O(0, 0) and P(3, ‒1) b A(2, 1) and B(4, 4)
c K(2, 1) and L(3, ‒2) d M(‒2, 5) and N(‒4, ‒1)
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 22 of 37
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Midpoints
The midpoint of line segment [AB] is the point which lies
midway between points A and B

The mid-point of the line segment joining the points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are
𝒙𝟏 + 𝒙 𝟐 𝒚𝟏 + 𝒚𝟐
( , )
𝟐 𝟐
Question 36 – Use the midpoint formula to find the coordinates of the midpoint of [AB] given:
a A(5, 2) and B(1, 8) b A(4, 1) and B(4, ‒1) c A(1, 0) and B(‒3, 2)

d A(6, 0) and B(0, 3)

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Question 37 – Suppose M is the midpoint of [PQ]. Find the coordinates of Q given:


a P(‒1, 3) and M(‒1, 7) b P(‒1, 0) and M(0, ‒5)
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 23 of 37
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Perpendicular bisector
The perpendicular bisector of a line segment [AB] is the line perpendicular to [AB] which passes
through its midpoint.

Question 38

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 24 of 37


Question 39

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 25 of 37
Question 40

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 26 of 37


Simultaneous equations.
GRAPHICAL SOLUTION
Question 41

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Question 42
Solve the following simultaneous equations graphically:
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 27 of 37


Question 43
Solve the following simultaneous equations graphically:

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Question 44

Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 28 of 37


Exam-Style Questions
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 29 of 37
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 30 of 37
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 31 of 37


5

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 32 of 37
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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 33 of 37


7

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 34 of 37


8

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Teacher: Kamal Banat Page 35 of 37


Answers

Page 36 of 37
6

Page 37 of 37

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