challenge of resource

management
FOOD DISTRIBUTION

measured in the food poverty of a country- how much of the population

suffers from malnutrition

mineral and vitamin deficiencies

increased risk to organ failure and infections

stunted brain development

countries is Africa and South Asia tend to have to highest rates of

malnourishment

FOOD SUPPLY IN THE UK

limited space for farming means food is imported - the uk is not self-sufficient

47 % of food

advantages disadvantages

produce available all year- not travel by plane or ship which releases
seasonal greenhouse gases

access to exotic foods farmers abroad are often underpaid

locally sourced food →

an awareness brought to the impact of imported foods

agribusiness = more intensive farming startegies in the uk using modern

technology to increase crop yield

farm shops = to increase the profit earned by farmers themselves

organic crops = more expensive without pesticides or chemicals

fairtrade = for food that cannot be grown in the UK's climate imports are
necessary, this ensure foreign farmers are treated fairly

challenge of resource management 1

 GLOBAL FOOD CONSUMPTION
there is a large inequality of food consumed in different parts of the world ,
however global consumption is growing :

increasing levels of development , as a country becomes wealthier the

country can afford to spend more on food

increasing transport links increases international exports

FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD SUPPLY

1. climate

a. sunny temperate climates are best to grow food

2. disease and pests

a. causes crop failur, pesticides and fertilisers will add to the cost of farming

3. technology

a. high tech strategies and monitoring for weather will umprove corp yield
and reduce risk of crop failure

4. water stress

a. most crops require plenty of water

5. conflict

a. farmers cannot settle

PROBLEMS CAUSED BY FOOD INSECURITY

social :

famine ca result in malnutrition and starvation. this can happen through crop
failure or through political conflict

undernutrition from an unbalanced diet and vitamin deficiencies, can effect

work

anger can grow during food shortages leading to social unrest and protests

environmental :

challenge of resource management 2

 increased pressure to grow crops means farmers use more intensive methods
, which can destroy the soil by erosion and leaching

overgrazing of cattle kills vegetation

shorter fallow periods strips land of nutrients

deforestation and slash burn methods is used to clear land but degrades soil

economic :

limited supply forces price of food to rise. many staple foods increase price
which causes inequality

INCREASING FOOD SUPPLY

irrigation →

artificially watering crops

reduces water shortages

water can be wasted through lack of knowledge

dams and expensive transfer schemes don't help mall scale farmers

aeroponics and hydroponics →

growing crops ion water or air rather than soil, increases rate that crops grow
and reduces chemicals/fertilisers used

maximum growth for limited space

seasonal produce grown all year round

no pesticides and little fertilisers

costly to run as requires large amounts of energy

less developed countries may not have access to such technology

green revolution →

the use of machinery to increase food production

sustainable small changes that increase corp yield

reduces the amount of labour needed

challenge of resource management 3

 machinery burns fue; which release greenhouse gases

biotechnology

genetically modifying crop to improve growth, reduce the need for fertilisers
and become resistant to disease

effective in improving crop yield

gm crops can b engneered to release fewer greenhouse gases

ethical questions

farmers must:

1. increase crop yield

2. protect the environment

3. conserve resources

SUSTAINABLE FOOD PRODUCTION

organic farming →

don't use chemicals

protects the environment

chemicals can iifltrate water

costs more

permaculture →

adaptive farming to natural ecosystem, crop rotation, seasonal array of

produce

reduce food miles

harmonious with environment

little profit

urban farming →

wasted urban land converted into community allotments

challenge of resource management 4

 improves urban environment

isn't large scale

no pastoral farming

sustainable fish and meat sources →

rearing fish sustainably, not over-exploiting waters, reducing scale and

damage of ranching

reduces environmental impscts

less soil erosion

not adopted by all countries

season and local produce

shop locally

reduces food miles

benefits local farmers directly

not viable for everyone

reducing food waste

less food needs to be grown if stored and used correctly

individual changes

saves money

challenge of resource management 5