Stage 6

Mathematics

Unit 1
STAGE 6 MATHEMATICS Unit 1

Multiplication Tables
Note: Multiplication is a simplified form of addition.

Examples: 1+1+1 =3×1 =3

2+2+2+2= 4×2 =8
5+5+5+5+5=5×5 = 25
8+8+8+8+8+8= 6×8 = 48
Type equation here.

Task 1

1. Complete and learn the multiplication tables from 1 to 12:

× 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

2. The numbers in the shaded cells have a special name. What name is given to such numbers?

____________________________________

3. Complete the following:

a. 24 ÷ 4 = 6 because 4 × 6 = 24
b. 12 ÷ 3 = 4 because 3 ×  = 12
c. 18 ÷ 9 = 2 because 9× = 18
d. 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 = 42 because 7× = 42
e. 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 = 36 because 9× = 36
f. 6+6+6+6+6+6+6+6= because 6× =
g. 3+3+3+3+3+3+3+3+3= because × =
h. 81 ÷ =9 because × 9 = 81
i. 96 ÷ = 12 because × 12 = 96
j. 108 ÷ =9 because × 9 = 108
k. 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 = because × =
l. × = 36 because ÷ =4

2
4. Identify the following sets of multiples:

a. 3; 9; 12; 15; 21 Multiples of __________

b. 24; 32; 40; 48 Multiples of __________
c. 144; 132; 120; 108 Multiples of __________
d. 15; 25;10; 60; 30; 35 Multiples of __________
e. 36; 45; 81; 90; 99 Multiples of __________
f. 15; 30; 45; 60; 75 Multiples of __________
g. 13; 39; 52; 65 Multiples of __________
h. 100; 20; 50; 110; 90 Multiples of __________
i. 800; 300; 500; 1 300; 2 000 Multiples of __________
j. 75; 100; 50; 125; 150 Multiples of __________

Counting, comparing and ordering whole numbers

Task 2

1. Complete the following by filling in the next three numbers in each sequence:

a. 6; 12; 18; 24; _____ ; _____ ; _____

b. 5; 8; 11; 14; 17; _____ ; _____ ; _____
c. 121; 126; 131; 136; 141; _____ ; _____ ; _____
d. 115; 100; 85; 70; 55; _____ ; _____ ; _____
e. 222; 211; 200; _____ ; _____ ; _____
f. 152; 142; 132; 122; _____ ; _____ ; _____
g. 1 150; 1 175; 1 200; 1 225; __________ ; __________ ; __________
h. 31 206; 31 197; 31 188; 31 179; __________ ; __________ ; __________
i. 124 332; 124 340; 124 348; 124 356; __________ ; __________ ; __________
j. 21 362 100; 21 262 100; 21 162 100; __________ ; __________ ; __________

2. Complete by filling in the missing numbers:

a. 3× =

b.   

   ×3=

c. ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎

∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ × =
∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎ ∎∎∎∎

d.     

     × =
    

e.    

   
    × =
   
   
STAGE 6 MATHEMATICS Unit 1

3. Complete the flow diagrams:

a. 139 +9 → +9 → +9 → +9 ↓

← 9+ ← 9+ ← 9+

b. 2 084 + 11 → + 11 → + 11 → + 11 ↓

← 11 + ← 11 + ← 11 +

c. 13 000 − 10 → − 10 → − 10 → − 10 ↓

← 10 − ← 10 − ← 10 −

d. 1 889 + 12 → + 12 → + 12 → + 12 ↓

← 12 + ← 12 + ← 12 +

e. 10 100 − 25 → − 25 → − 25 → − 25 ↓

← 25 − ← 25 − ← 25 −

4. Fill in the missing numbers on the following number lines:

a.
70 a. 100 b. c. d.

b.
a. 85 105 b. c. d.

c.

a. b. 1000 1500 c. d.

d.
0 a. b. c. d. 640

4
5. Fill in >, < or =

a. 6 × 10 10 × 6 b. 4×5 6×3

c. 60 ÷ 5 72 ÷ 6 d. 50 × 5 25 × 10

e. 100 ÷ 4 150 ÷ 6 f. 12 × 12 120 ÷ 10

g. 20 × 1 30 × 0 h. 132 ÷ 12 3×4

i. 100 ÷ 5 20 × 5 j. 1 000 ÷ 100 10 ÷ 10

The Four Operations

Addition

When adding whole numbers together, the numbers must be written directly underneath
each other, in the columns according to their respective place values.

Example: Find the sum of 24, 2 012 and 372.

Th H T U

1 9
4 6 3 2
7 8 5 +
5 4 3 6

Task 3

1. Calculate the sum of each of the following:

(a) (b)
Th H T U Th H T U

2 1 6 4 0 5 4
5 0 8 9 5 9 8 8
7 8 7 + 1 8 7 +

(c) TTh Th H T U (d)

TTh TH H T U

2 4 6 8 3 3 0 1
9 0 8 9 2
5 0 0 9 7
9 8 7 4 +
2 6 0 1 +
STAGE 6 MATHEMATICS Unit 1

2. Set out correctly and determine the sum:

(a) 12 + 3 096 + 536 (b) 67 890 + 902 + 7

Th H T U TTh TH H T U

+ +

(c) 32 567 + 5 001 + 45 (d) 500 678 + 4 890 + 999

Hth TTh TH H T U
TTh TH H T U

+
+ +

3. Set out correctly and determine the sum.

(a) 30 614 + 2 009 + 5 (b) 17 + 45 001 + 89 899

(c) Nineteen plus three hundred and sixty, plus fifty two thousand and seven.

(d) Six hundred and two thousand, plus eighty five, plus four hundred and six.

6
Subtraction

Once again, it is important that the numbers are written directly underneath each other,
according to their respective place values.
Example 1: Determine the difference between 3 861 and 745

Th H T U

3 8 65 10+1 −
7 4 5
3 1 1 6

5 cannot be subtracted from 1. Take a ten from the tens column and add it to the units digit.
Now subtract 5 from 11.

Example 2: Calculate the difference between 62 300 and 7 961

T Th Th H T U

65 211 312 09 10+0 −

7 9 6 1
5 4 3 3 9

1, 6, 9 or 7 cannot be subtracted from the digits written above them. Take a ten from the ten
thousands column and give a ten to the thousands digit, the thousands digit gives a ten to the
hundreds digit, the hundreds digit gives a ten to the tens digit and the tens digit gives a ten to
the units digit. Now determine the difference between the two numbers.

Task 4

1. Determine the difference between each of the following:

(a) (b)
Th H T U Th H T U
4 7 5 2 − 5 8 3 0 −
4 7 5 2 7 7

(c) Th H T U (d) TTh TH H T U

2 1 0 9 − 1 7 6 2 1 −
8 6 3 6 7 5 0

2. Set out correctly and determine the difference:

STAGE 6 MATHEMATICS Unit 1

(a) 36 721 − 3 066 (b) 99 000 −88 199

TTh Th H T U TTh Th H T U

− −

(c) 102 678 − 707 (d) 70 010 − 55 634

HTh TTh Th H T U TTh Th H T U

− −

3. Set out correctly and determine the difference:

(a) 560 723 −25 908 (b) 687 687 – 68 689

(c) Five million sixty thousand and three minus twenty two thousand and four.

(d) Four million seventy four thousand and ninety two minus seventeen thousand and
twenty six.

4. Set out correctly and determine the answer: 5 679 + 7 146 − 3 984

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Multiplication by 10 and multiples of 10

When a number is multiplied by ten it becomes ten times bigger.

Example 1: 21 × 10 = 210
T U H T U

2 1 × 10 = 2 1 0
When a number is multiplied by a hundred it becomes a hundred times bigger.
Example 2: 21 × 100 = 2 100
T U Th H T U

2 1 × 100 = 2 1 0 0
When a number is multiplied by a thousand it becomes a thousand times bigger.
Example 3: 21 × 1 000 = 21 000
T U TTh Th H T U

2 1 × 1 000 = 2 1 0 0 0

When a number is multiplied by a million it becomes a million times bigger.

Example 4: 21 × 1 000 000 = 21 000 000

T U M HTh TTh Th H T U

2 1 × 1 000 000 = 21 0 0 0 0 0 0
==

Task 5

1. In your own words explain what happens when a number is multiplied by ten or a multiple of
ten. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Determine the following:

(a) 35 × 100 = __________ (b) 118 × 1 000 = __________

(c) 299 × 10 000 = __________ (d) 12 356 × 100 000 = __________

(e) 50 × 100 = __________ (e) 100 × 10 000 = __________

(g) 234 654 × 1 000 = __________ (g) 14 × 1 000 000 = __________

(i) 15 × 20 = __________ (j) 12 × 400 = __________

3. Double the following numbers:

(a) 25 __________ (b) 56 __________

(c) 114 __________ (c) 4 523 __________

(e) 2 225 __________ (f) 44 123 __________

(g) 6 809 __________ (h) 19 024 __________

(i) 1 234 342 __________ (j) 20 897 __________