8

Technology and
Livelihood Education
Module 3:
Industrial Art
Carpentry
TLE – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 1: Industrial Arts
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Mark Andrew Orapa Allan S. Lasdoce

Editors: Nilo R. Verdon, Bernie R. Pamplona, Avelina C. Duquesa,

Rowenah S. Timcang, Junel M. Anino, Grace A. Ando,
Jeho Rañin. Arlyn Galbo, Junel M. Anino
Nilo R. Verdon, Bernie R. Pamplona, Avelina C. Duquesa,
Reviewers: Rowenah S. Timcang, Junel M. Anino, Grace A. Ando,
Jeho Rañin. Arlyn Galbo
Eduardo Ayo
Illustrator: Bernie R. Pamplona and Junel M. Anino
Layout Artist:

Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas, CESO V

Isidro B. Biol Jr. Maripaz F. Magno
Josephine Chonie M. Obseñares Romeo O. Aprovechar,
CESO V Rayfrocina T. Abao
Avelina C. Duquesa

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Caraga Region XIII-Division of Agusan del Norte
Office Address: J. P. Rosales Avenue, Butuan City
Telefax: (085) 817-7141
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Website: depedagnor.com
 8
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Module 3
Industrial Art
Carpentry
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education Grade 8 Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Carpentry.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

You have chosen me rightly! Lessons are based on competency standards in Carpentry. Dif

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

2
For the learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education Grade 8 Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Carpentry!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to

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 process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master to perform measurement and calculation. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to
follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module content Perform measurement and calculation:

 Learning Objective 1 – Select Measuring Instruments

TLE_IACP7/8MC0d-1
 Learning Objective 2 – Carry out Measurements and Calculations.
TLE_IACP7/8MC0d-e-2

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1.1 Identify linear measuring instrument appropriate for a given task.

2.1. Measure given materials
2.2. Calculate amount of materials for a specific task

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 What I Know

Pretest
Multiple Choice

Directions:
Choose the correct answer. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
1. It is used for measuring long piece of stock.
A. Caliper
B. Pull push rule
C. Ruler
D. Zig zag rule
2. The system of measurement commonly used in carpentry works.
A. English system
B. Metric system
C. None of the above
D. All of the above
3. What system of measurement that includes millimeter, meter,
centimeter and the like?
A. English
B. Inches
C. Metric
D. Yard
4. Which of these International Standard base units for measuring length?
A. Decimeter
B. Meter
C. Millimeter
D. All of the above
5. What tool is used for measuring short piece of stock?
A. Caliper
B. Pull push rule
C. Ruler
D. Zig zag rule
6. How would you convert 3 ft. to 36 inches?
A. Divide by 12
B. Divide by 22
C. Multiply by 12
D. Multiply by 22
7. It is used to measure the distance between two opposite sides of an
object.
A. Caliper
B. Compass
C. Pull push rule
D. Try square

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 8. What is the equivalent of 10 centimeters into millimeters?
A. 100 millimeters
B. 1000 millimeters
C. 10000 millimeters
D. 100000 millimeters
9. How many inches are there in 6 ft.?
A. 24 inches
B. 36 inches
C. 60 inches
D. 72 inches
10. Which of the following indicates shortest length?
A. 1 centimeter
B. 1 decimeter
C. 1 meter
D. 1 millimeter
11. Which of the following is a folded measuring tool?
A. Caliper
B. Protractor
C. Try square
D. Zigzag rule
12. The system of measurement based on meter, decimeter, and centimeter.
A. Centimeter
B. English
C. Meter
D. Metric
13. An inch is divided into segments called .
A. Graduation
B. Linear
C. Measurement
D. Units
14. Which unit of measure in computing a volume of lumber?
A. Area
B. Board foot
C. Graduation
D. Measurement
15. How much will it cost to slice 6” x 6” x 10’ wood to produce 2” x 6” x 10’
lumber at P2 per board foot?
A. 50 pesos
B. 60 pesos
C. 65 pesos
D. 70 pesos

Lesson Measurements and

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 3 Calculations

Since the beginning of time, measurements have played a major role in

history. They served as valuable frame of reference that enable ancient civilization
to build and create. We still carry many of these basic measurement principles with
us today and use them in the modern world.
As carpentry aspiring student, one must have essential knowledge on the
different measuring instruments. It is also important to identify the different
functions of a particular measuring instruments. It needs to develop the skills on
reading, measuring, calculating and converting unit of measurement.

The world's best measuring instruments are important, however, they will
be worthless if they cannot provide accurate and reliable results. One key in
ensuring high level of reliability and accuracy is by taking proper care of them.

Notes to the Teacher

Have learners explain the importance of different measuring instruments, measurements and calculation
Let them answer the activity found in the module and process their answers
or insights.

What’s In

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 This module will take you through the topic on select measuring
instruments, carry out measurements and calculations. This module has multiple
purposes. First, it orients you to the different types of measuring instruments.
Second, it shows you how to read linear measuring instruments in English and
Metric System, converting and calculating the unit of measurement.

Activity 1
Directions:

Using the table below, list down the nine (9) carpentry measuring tools. Indicate
their uses or functions. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

Carpentry Measuring Tools Uses or Functions

9
 What’s New

Activity 1.
Directions:
Below is the list of carpentry tools. Mark check (/) if it is measuring tool and (X) if
is not. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
Carpentry Tools Mark (/) or (X)
1. Pull push rule

2. Caliper

3. Ruler

4. Hammer

5. Saw

6. Chisel

7. Zigzag rule

8. Try square

9. Bar clamp

10. Protractor

1
 What is it

I. Concept of Measurement
Measurement is the process or the result of determining the magnitude of a
quantity, such as length, relative to a unit of measurement, such as meter,
decimeter, centimeter, yard, foot and inch. Specifically, thickness, width and
length.

Figure 1. Linear measurements obtain in a lumber

Measuring Tools used in Carpentry

1. Pull push rule - is a measuring tape that coils into a compact case, used for
measuring long, short, and straight lengths.

1
2. Miter try square - used for testing squareness of material and enabling lines to
be marked at right angle (90˚) and angle up to 45˚ or measure up to 6 inches.

3. Caliper - used to measure the distance between two opposite sides of an object.

4. Meterstick - used to measure length. It is often made of wood, plastic and

metal.

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5. Zigzag rule – a folded measuring tool, commonly used for overhead
measurement.

6. Ruler – used for measuring short piece of stock.

7. Divider – used for dividing distances.

13
8. Compass – used for laying out and scribing arcs and circles.

9. Protractor – used for laying out angels.

II. Care and Maintenance of Measuring Instruments/Tools

A. DO’S

1. Wipe measuring tools/instruments before returning them to the storage room.

2. Oil the movable parts of zigzag rule, calipers dividers and compasses to
avoid stock-up.

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3. Make sure that the grits like sand cannot get inside the case of a pull-push rule
to avoid wearing off of the graduations.

4. Always check the lock of a pull-push rule if it is working.

B. DON’T’S

1. Do not wipe off edges of the pull push rule with bare hands to avoid injury.

2. Do not pull the steel tape too much to avoid damage of the coil spring.

3. Do not use the caliper as tong.

III. System of Measurement

The two (2) system of measurements are Metric and English system. The
English system of measurement is based on inch, yard, and foot. It is primarily
used in the United States and England. The metric system is the decimalized
system of measurement. It exists in several variations with different choices of base
unit such as meters, centimeters, millimeters and decimeters. Metric units are
widely used around the world for personal, commercial and scientific purposes.
This system was developed in France and also known as the S.I (International
Standard).

A. Linear Measurement

English System Metric System

Yard (yd) Meter (m)
Foot (ft) Decimeter (dm)
Inch (in) Centimeter (cm)
Millimeter (mm)

B. Reading of Measurements

A. Reading the inch

The inch is divided into segments called graduation. Each graduation
represents a measurement in a form of a proper fraction. The inch is divided into
many parts: 16, 8, 4, and 2, equal parts.

1
 Figure 1. Reading of linear measurements in inches

Note: The illustration is not the actual length of an inch.

B. Reading the centimeters and millimeters

Each graduation represents 1 millimeter which is equal to 1/10 or .01 cm.
There are always 10 graduations or 10 millimeters in every one centimeter.

Figure 2. Reading of linear measurements in metric

Note: The illustration is not the actual length of centimeter and millimeter.

C. Converting fraction to decimal

In converting fraction to decimal, divide the numerator by the denominator whether

proper, improper or mixed fraction.

A. Proper fraction

1) ¼ = .25

Solution:

B. Improper fraction

2) 11/3 = 3.66

Solution:

16
C. Mixed fraction

3) 2 1/2 = 2.5

Solution:

D. Converting units of measure

English to English 1 foot = 12 inches

Metric to Metric 1 meter = 10 decimeter

1 decimeter = 10 centimeter

English to Metric 1 inch = 2.54 centimeter

1 inch = 25.4 millimeter
1 foot = 30.48 centimeter
Metric to English 1 meter = 3. 28 feet
1 meter = 39.37 inches

Sample solutions in conversion

A. Foot to inches

1) How many inches are there in 4ft?

Solutions:
feet = inches
ft
Substitute with the given data:
4 ft = inches
ft

= 4 ft x 12 inches
1 ft

= 4 x 12 inches

= 48 inches

Therefore, the answer is 4 ft = 48 inches

1
 B. Inches to foot

1) How many feet are there in 60 inches?

Solutions:
Inches = foot
in
Substitute with the given data:
60 inches = x foot
inches

= 60 inches x 1 foot
12 inches

= 60 ft
12

= 5 ft

Therefore, the answer is 60 inches = 5 feet

C. Centimeters to millimeters

1) How many millimeters are there in 24 centimeters?

Solutions:
Centimeter = millimeter
cm
Substitute with the given data:
24 cm = x mm
cm

= 24 cm x 10 mm
1 cm

= 24 x 10 mm

= 240 mm

1
 Therefore, the answer is 24 centimeters = 240 millimeters

D. Inches to centimeters

1) How many centimeters are there in 8 inches?

Solutions:
Inches = centimeters
in
Substitute with the given data:
8 in = x cm
in

= 8 in x 2. 54 cm
1 in

= 8 x 2.54 cm

= 20.32 cm

Therefore, the answer is 8 inches = 20. 32 centimeters

E. Meter to inches

1) How many inches are there in 5 meters?

Solutions:
Meters = inches
m
Substitute with the given data:
5m=x inches
m

=5m x 39.37 in
1m

= 5 x 39.37 in

1
 = 196.85 inches

Therefore, the answer is 5 meters = 196.85 inches

E. Inches to meter

1) How many meter are there in 64 inches?

Solutions:
Inches = meter
in
Substitute with the given data:
164 in = x meter
in

= 164 in x 1m
39.37 in

= 164 m
39.37

= 4.17 m

Therefore, the answer is 164 inches = 4.17 m

E. The unit measure of lumber

Board foot is the unit of measure used in computing the volume of lumber.
Despite the adoption of the Metric system, board foot for lumber is still in use for
convenience and practical use. One board foot simply means, one square foot by
one-inch-thick lumber. The width and the thickness of commercial lumber are
expressed in inches while the length is in feet of even numbers.

1 foot 1 foot

1 inch

2
 Figure 3. Unit measure of a lumber

Formula used in computing board foot is:

Bd. Ft. = T x W x L
12”
Where:
T = Thickness in inches
W= Width in inches
L = Length in feet

This formula is being used for sawed wood of commercial dimension.

Example 1:

Find the total board foot of a lumber with dimension of 2” x 4” x 10’

Solution:

1. Identify the given data.

Given: T = 2”, W = 4” and, L = 10’

2. Derived the formula.

Bd. Ft. = T x W x L
12”
3. Substitute the given data in the formula, then solve.
Bd. Ft. = T x W x L
12”

= 2” x 4” x 10’
12”
= 80
12
Bd. Ft = 6.67

Example 2:

How much will it cost to slice 4” x 6” x 10’ of wood to produce a 2” x 6” x 10’

lumber @ P25 per board foot.

2
Solution:

1) Find the total board foot of a lumber.

Bd. Ft. = T x W x L
12”
= 4” x 6” x 10’
12”
= 240
12
Bd. Ft.= 30
2) Multiply the total board foot to the unit price.

= 30 x 25

= P750.00

2
 What’s More

Directions:

Copy and arrange the scrambled letters to form a word of units of measure, in your
activity notebook.

1. Yrad
2. Ofot
3. Etrme
4. Ihnc
5. Cretimntee

2
 What I Have Learned

Let us determine how much you already understand about the topic on
selecting measuring instruments.

Activity 1
Directions:

Identify at least five (5) measuring tools and their uses. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.

Measuring tools Uses

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Activity 2
Directions:
List down the Do’s and Dont’s in caring and maintaining measuring instruments.
A. DO’S

1.
2.
3.
4.

A. DONT’S

1.
2.
3.

2
Let us determine how much you already understand about the topic on carry
out measurements and calculations.

Activity 3
Directions:

Identify the missing linear measurements indicated by an arrow of the given

illustration. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

3. 5. 7. 8.

1. 2. 4. 6.

Figure 4. Linear Measurement in Inches

Activity 4
Directions:
Identify the missing linear measurements indicated by an arrow of the given
illustration. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

1. mm 2. mm 3. mm 4. mm

5. cm 6. cm 7. cm

Figure 4. Linear Measurement in Centimeters and Millimeter

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Activity 5
Directions:

Convert the following measurements from inch to decimal. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.

1. 1/ 4 inch =
2. 1/ 2 inch =
3. 3/ 4 inch =
4. 7/ 8 inch =
5. 9/ 16 inch =

Activity 5
Directions:
Convert the following measurements to their unit equivalents. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.
1. 6 feet = inches

2. 5 meters = inches
3. 8 feet = meters
4. 20 inches = centimeters

5. 10 centimeter = millimeters

2
 What I Can Do

Activity 1
Directions:

Compute the total board foot of the given measurements. Write your
answer in your activity notebook.

1. Calculate the Board Foot of a lumber using the formula below.

Bd. Ft = T” x W” x L’
12”

8’ 2”

12”

2. Calculate the Board foot and costs of 12 pieces lumber with the same dimensions of 2” x 4” x 16’ at P2.00 per B

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 Assessment

Posttest
Multiple Choice

Directions.
Choose and write the letter of the correct answer in your activity notebook.
1. How would you convert 3 ft. to 36 inches?
A. Divide by 12
B. Divide by 22
C. Multiply by 12
D. Multiply by 22
2. It is used for measuring long piece of stock.
A. Caliper
B. Pull push rule
C. Ruler
D. Zig zag rule
3. The system of measurement commonly used in carpentry works.
A. English system
B. Metric system
C. None of the above
D. All of the above
4. Which of these International Standard base units for measuring length?
A. Decimeter
B. Meter
C. Millimeter
D. All of the above
5. It is used for measuring short piece of stock.
A. Caliper
B. Ruler
C. Try square
D. Zig zag rule
6. Which unit of measure in computing a volume of lumber?
A. Area
B. Board foot
C. Graduation
D. Measurement
7. How many inches are there in 6 ft.?
A. 24 inches
B. 36 inches
C. 60 inches
D. 72 inches

2
8. What system of measurement that includes millimeter, meter,
centimeter and the like?
A. English
B. Inches
C. Metric
D. Yard
9. It is used to measure the distance between two opposite sides of an
object.
A. Caliper
B. Compass
C. Pull push rule
D. Try square
10. What is the equivalent of 10 centimeters into millimeters?
A. 100 millimeters
B. 1000 millimeters
C. 10000 millimeters
D. 100000 millimeters
11. How much will it cost to slice 6” x 6” x 10’ wood to produce 2” x 6” x 10’
lumber at P2 per board foot?
A. 50 pesos
B. 60 pesos
C. 65 pesos
D. 70 pesos
12. Which of the following indicates shortest length?
A. 1 centimeter
B. 1 decimeter
C. 1 meter
D. 1 millimeter
13. The system of measurement based on meter, decimeter, and centimeter.
A. Centimeter
B. English
C. Meter
D. Metric
14. An inch is divided into segments called .
A. Graduation
B. Linear
C. Measurement
D. Units
15. Which of the following is a folded measuring tool?
A. Caliper
B. Protractor
C. Try square
D. Zigzag rule

2
 Additional Activities

Activity 1
Directions:

Measure the actual length of the given lines using a ruler. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.

1. Line AB A B = Centimeter
2. Line CD C D= Inches
3. Line EF E F= Millimeter

Activity 2.
Directions:
Write the abbreviations of the different unit of measurements in your activity
notebook.
Linear units Abbreviations
1. Meter
2. Centimeter
3. Yard
4. Inches
5. Foot
6. Millimeter
7. Decimeter

Activity 3.
Directions:
Write the equivalent of the different unit of measurements in your activity
notebook.
Linear units Equivalent
1. 1 meter = decimeters
2. 1 decimeter = centimeters
3. 1 inch = centimeters
4. 1 inch = millimeters
5. 1 foot = centimeters
6. 1 meter = feet
7. 1 meter = inches
8. 1 foot = inches

3
Answer Key

3
3
3
References
Fajardo, Max Jr. B. Simplified Construction Estimate. 2000 Edition. Philippines: 5138
Trading, 2000.

Morgan, Robert E. The Complete Handbook of Plumbing. Philippines: TAB

Books Inc.,1962

Oravetz , Jules Revised by Re Miller, Audel Questions and Answers for Plumbers‟
Examination, 3rd Edition Mac Millan Publishing Co., New York.

Department of Education. Carpentry Learning Module, K to 12 BEC-TLE , “Prepare

Construction Materials and Tools “. Pasig City: DepEd, 2012.

3
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]