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Lecture 9 Transformations of Stress & Strain

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32 views13 pages

Lecture 9 Transformations of Stress & Strain

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mb3467739
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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STRESS ANALYSIS

Dr. Abdallah Shokry


Mechanical Engineering Dep.
Faculty of Engineering, Fayoum University
Introduction

• The most general state of stress at a point


may be represented by 6 components,

• Same state of stress is represented by a


different set of components if axes are ro
tated.

2
Introduction

• Plane Stress - state of stress in which two faces


of the cubic element are free of stress. For the il
lustrated example, the state of stress is defined
by;

• State of plane stress occurs in a thin plate subj


ected to forces acting in the midplane of the pl
ate.

• State of plane stress also occurs on the free sur


face of a structural element or machine compon
ent, i.e., at any point of the surface not subject
ed to an external force.
3
Transformation of Plane Stress

• Consider the conditions for equilibrium of a


prismatic element with faces perpendicular t
o the x, y, and x’ axes.

The equations may be rew


ritten to yield

4
Principal Stresses

• The previous equations are combined t


o yield parametric equations for a circle
,

• Principal stresses occur on the principal


planes of stress with zero shearing stres
ses.

5
Maximum Shearing Stress

Maximum shearing stress occurs for

 − y 
2

 max = R =  x  +  xy2
 2 
 + y  x − y
 x = x + cos 2 +  xy sin 2
2 2
 x − y
cos 2 +  xy sin 2 = 0
2
 x − y
tan 2 s = −
2 xy
Note : defines two angles separated by 90 o
 + y
  =  ave = x
2

6
Example

Example;

• For the state of plane stress shown, determine (a) the princi
pal planes, (b) the principal stresses, (c) the maximum shear
ing stress and the corresponding normal stress.

7
Example

Solution;
(a) Principle planes;

(b) Principle stresses;

8
Example

Solution;
(c) Maximum shear stress;

9
Mohr’s Circle for Plane Stress

• For a known state of plane stress


plot the points X and Y and construct the cir
cle centered at C.

• The principal stresses are obtained at A and B.

The direction of rotation of Ox to Oa is the


10
same as CX to CA. But with half angle.
Mohr’s Circle for Plane Stress

Example;

• For the state of plane stress shown, (a) construct Mohr’s circle,
determine (b) the principal planes, (c) the principal stresses, (d)
the maximum shearing stress and the corresponding normal str
ess.

11
Mohr’s Circle for Plane Stress

Solution; (a):

Solution; (b):

12
Mohr’s Circle for Plane Stress

Solution; (c):

13

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