2.
8-bit set of codes
3. 7-bit set of codes ✓
4. 16-bit set of codes
Question 4
Extended ASCII is ...........
1. 6-bit set of codes
2. 8-bit set of codes ✓
3. 7-bit set of codes
4. 16-bit set of codes
Question 5
The smallest individual component in a
program is called ...........
1. Token ✓
2. Identifier
3. Keyword
4. Method
Question 6
Which of the following is not a token?
1. Keyword
2. Identifier
3. Operator
4. Procedure ✓
Question 7
Which of the following is a keyword?
1. character
2. break ✓
3. object
4. attribute
Question 8
Which of the following is not a legal
identifier?
1. _room
2. $PayAmount
3. 10thClass ✓
4. nullValue
Question 9
Which of the following is a default value of
float data type?
1. 0
2. 0float
3. 0f
4. 0.0f ✓
Question 10
Which of the following is a default value of
boolean data type?
1. true
2. false ✓
3. null
4. void
Question 11
Which of the following is an invalid
integer?
1. 2222
2. 22222
3. 222 22 ✓
4. 222
Question 12
Which of the following is not a character
literal?
1. '\n'
2. "n" ✓
3. 'n'
4. All of these
Question 13
Which of the following punctuator is the
statement terminator in Java?
1. ; ✓
2. .
3. ,
4. All of these
Question 14
Which of the following is not a primitive
data type in Java?
1. boolean
2. short
3. float
4. class ✓
Question 15
What is the size of a long data type in
Java?
1. 32 bits
2. 64 bits ✓
3. 48 bits
4. Long data type is not supported in
Java.
Question 16
What is the size of a boolean data type in
Java?
1. 1 bit
2. 16 bits
3. 8 bits ✓
4. Boolean data type does not take any
space in memory.
Question 17
Single line comments can be added using
...........
1. //
2. /* */
3. \
4. Both A and B ✓
Question 18
Which of the following changes a variable
declaration into a constant?
1. const
2. constant
3. static
4. final ✓
Question 19
The ASCII codes of A-Z are represented
by decimal range ...........
1. 65-90 ✓
2. 66-91
3. 97-122
4. 98-123
Question 20
Which of the following is a primitive data
type?
1. array
2. interface
3. class
4. boolean ✓
State whether the given statements
are True or False
Question 1
Java supports the use of the ASCII
character set only.
False
Question 2
The ASCII code for character 'Z' is 90.
True
Question 3
The smallest unit in a Java program is
known as token.
True
Question 4
The Unicode character set uses 8 to 32
bits per character.
True
Question 5
In an escape sequence, a character is
preceded by a backward slash (\).
True
Question 6
In Java, an identifier can begin with a $
sign.
True
Question 7
The boolean data type is used for storing
logical values.
True
Question 8
Java offers five types of tokens.
True
Question 9
Identifiers in Java may be of any length.
True
Question 10
The char data type reserves 8 bits in
memory.
False
Question 11
Default value of reference data type is null.
True
Question 12
To designate a literal constant of the type
float, you must append the letter L to it.
False
Question 13
Default value of char data type is '\u0000'.
True
Question 14
If a literal constant contains a decimal
point, then it is of the type double by
default.
True
Question 15
A variable can be used in a Java program
even if it has not been declared.
False
Assignment Questions
Question 1
Why does Java use the Unicode character
set?
Answer
Unicode can represent nearly all
languages of the world like English, Hindi,
Bengali, Kannada, Arabic, Japanese, etc.
Java uses unicode so that applications
developed using Java can support a wide
range of languages rather than just being
limited to English.
Question 2
What are escape sequences in Java?
Give three examples.
Answer
An escape sequence is a set of characters
that has a special meaning to the Java
compiler. In the escape sequence, a
character is preceded by a backslash (\).
Some examples of escape sequences are
\n, \' and \t.
Question 3
What is the result of evaluating the
following expression?
(3 + 6 * 7) / 3 + 2
Answer
(3 + 6 * 7) / 3 + 2
⇒ (3 + 42) / 3 + 2
⇒ 45 / 3 + 2
⇒ 45 / 3 + 2
⇒ 15 + 2
⇒ 17
Question 4
What is a token in Java? Name the tokens
available in Java.
Answer
All characters in a Java program are
grouped into symbols called Tokens. As
you know, a computer program consists of
a set of instructions called statements. A
statement is composed of various
components. Each individual component
of a programming statement is referred to
as a token. Keywords, Identifiers,
Operators, Separators and Literals are
five tokens in Java.
Question 5
Why can a keyword not be used as a
variable name?
Answer
Keywords are reserved words that have a
special meaning to the Java compiler. As
Java compiler reserves these words for its
own use so they are not available as
names for variables or methods.
Question 6
Which of the following are Java keywords?
area, input, class, public, int, x, y, radius,
long, Hello java
Answer
class, public, int, long are Java keywords.
Question 7
What are identifiers in Java? List three
identifier formation rules.
Answer
Identifiers are used to name different parts
of a program such as variables, methods,
classes, objects, etc. Three identifier
formation rules are:
1. An an identifier can be a sequence of
alphabets, digits, underscore and
dollar sign characters only.
2. Identifiers cannot start with a digit.
3. An identifier must not be a Keyword or
a Boolean or null literal.
Question 8
Explain the following statement — "In
Java, total, Total, ToTaL, and TOTAL are
all different identifiers."
Answer
Java is a case sensitive language. total,
Total, ToTaL, and TOTAL have the same
set of letters but they differ in the case of
these letters. Therefore, Java considers
each of them as a different identifier.
Question 9
Which of the following are invalid
identifiers?
i. ten
ii. "Hello"
iii. 5678
iv. Coffee
v. $dollar
vi. 4Variables
vii. _var
Answer
"Hello" is invalid as identifiers cannot
contain double quotes.
5678 is invalid as identifiers cannot
start with a digit.
4Variables is invalid as identifiers
cannot start with a digit.
Question 10
How would you print characters like \, '
and " in Java?
Answer
We can print characters like \, ' and "
using escape sequences i.e. preceding it
with a backslash (\) symbol.
Question 11
Distinguish between the following:
i. Token and Identifier
Answer
Token Identifier
Identifiers are
fundamental
Each individual building blocks of
component of a the program and
programming are used to name
statement is different
referred to as a components of a
token. program such as
variables, methods
and objects.
Tokens in Java
Identifier is a type
are categorised
of token in Java.
into 5 types —
Token Identifier
Keywords,
Identifiers,
Literals,
Punctuators,
Operators.
ii. Keyword and Identifier
Answer
Keyword Identifier
Identifiers are used to
Keywords name different
have a special components of a
meaning for program such as
Java compiler. variables, methods
and objects.
Keywords are
reserved by
An identifier must not
the compiler
be a Keyword.
for its own
use.
iii. Character and String Constant
Answer
Character
String Constant
Constant
Character String Constants
Constants are are written by
Character
String Constant
Constant
written by
enclosing a set of
enclosing a
characters within
character within a
a pair of double
pair of single
quotes.
quotes.
Character
String Constants
Constants are
are assigned to
assigned to
variables of type
variables of type
String.
char.
iv. Integer and float Constant
Answer
Integer Constant Float Constant
Float Constants
Integer Constants represent
represent whole fractional
number values numbers like
like 2, -16, 18246, 3.14159, -14.08,
24041973, etc. 42.0, 675.238,
etc.
Integer Constants
Float Constants
are assigned to
are assigned to
variables of data
variables of data
type — byte,
type — float,
short, int, long,
double
char
Question 12
Distinguish between "A" and 'A'.
Answer
"A" is a string literal of length 1 containing
the letter A in uppercase whereas 'A' is a
character literal having value of A in
uppercase.
Question 13
What is wrong with the following
statement?
float flt = 7895.0345;
Answer
This statement is trying to assign a double
literal to a float variable so it will result in a
syntax error of incompatible types
(possible lossy conversion from double to
float). To fix it we need to a f or F at the
end of the double literal to make it a float
literal as shown below:
float flt = 7895.0345f;
Question 14
Describe primitive data types in Java.
Answer
Primitive data types are fundamental data
types that are an integral part of the Java
language and are used to declare a
variable.
Question 15
List the size of primitive data types in
Java.
Answer
Data Type Size in Bytes
byte 1
short 2
int 4
long 8
float 4
double 8
char 2
boolean 1
Question 16
Which integer and floating point data
types take up the same number of bits in
computer memory?
Answer
Both, int and float take up 32 bits in
memory. Similarly, both long and double
take up 64 bits in memory.
Question 17
What is variable initialisation in Java?
What are the default values of the
following type of variables? short, int, long,
float, double, and char.
Answer
Variable initialisation means assigning
value to a variable for the first time. Below
are the default values of the different data
types:
Data Type Default Value
short 0
int 0
long 0L
float 0.0f
double 0.0d
char '\u0000'
Question 18
Provide the declaration for two variables
called xCoordinate and yCoordinate. Both
variables are of type int and both are to be
initialised to zero in the declaration.
Answer
int xCoordinate = 0;
int yCoordinate = 0;
OR
int xCoordinate = 0, yCoordinate = 0;
Question 19
Write a Java assignment statement that
will set the value of the variable
interestAmount to the value of the variable
balanceAmount multiplied by the value of
the variable rate. The variables are of type
double.
Answer
double interestAmount = balanceAmount * r
Question 20
Explain the statement, "a well-documented
code is as important as the correctly
working code".
Answer
Writing fully commented code is a good
programming style. The primary purpose
of comments is to document the code so
that even a layman can understand the
purpose of the written code. Hence, a
well-documented code is as important as
the correctly working code.
Question 21
How can you write single line comments
in Java?
Answer
Single line comments in Java can be
written using //. For example:
// This is an example of single line comm
Question 22
Write a Java constant declaration that
gives the name TAX_RATE to the value
15%.
Answer
final int TAX_RATE = 15;
Question 23
If you want to change the precedence of
operations in an expression, which
symbols do you use?
Answer
Brackets — () can be used to change
operator precedence.
Question 24
What are symbolic constants? How are
they useful in writing programs?
Answer
Memory locations whose values cannot be
changed within a program are called
constants or symbolic constants. The
advantages of symbolic constants are:
1. It improves the readability of the
program and makes it easier for
someone to understand the code.
2. Any unintentional changes to such
variables are flagged by the compiler.
3. Later, if there is a change in the value
of such variables (e.g. interest rate
changed), you just need to modify its
value at one place and all the other
occurrences will be taken care of
automatically.
Question 25
What is the output produced by the
following lines of program code?
char x, y;
x = 'y';
System.out.println(x);
y = 'z';
System.out.println(y);
x = y;
System.out.println(x);
Answer
Below is the output produced by this code:
y
z
z
Variable x is assigned a value of character
y so the first println prints y. Variable y is
assigned a value of character z so the
second println prints z. After that variable x
is assigned the value of variable y which is
the character z so last println prints z.
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