A PROJECT REPORT

On

IMPLEMENTATION OF FACULTY LEAVE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements to

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

For the award of the degree

MASTER OF COMPUTER APPLICATION

SUBMITTED BY

MANUKONDA.MANEESHA

(22JK1F0022)

Under the guidance of

Mr. G.V.K. KISHORE, MCA

Assistant Professor, Dept. Of MCA

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

GUNTUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE: YANAMADALA

(Affiliated to JNTUK University :: KAKINADA)

2022-2024
 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

GUNTUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE: YANAMADALA

(Affiliated to JNTUK University :: KAKINADA)

2022-2024

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project work titled “IMPLEMENTATION OFACULTYLEAVE

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” is the bona fide work of M. MANEESHA (22JK1F0022) who
carried out the work under supervision and submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the award of the degree of MASTER OF COMPUTER APPLICATION from JNTU-
Kakinada during the academic year 2022-2024.

Internal Guide Head of the Department

External Guide
 DECLARATION

I hereby inform you that this main project entitled “IMPLEMENTION OF

FACULTY LEAVE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” has been Carried out and
submitted in partial fulfilment for the award to the degree of Master of computer
application to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada under the
guidance of “Mr. G.V.K. KISHORE”, Assistant Professor , Deportment. Of
MCA of Master of computer applications. The work embodied in this project work
is original and has not been submitted in part or full for any degree of this or any
degree of any other university.

M.MANEESHA
(22JK1F0022)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express our profound gratitude towards “Mr. G.V.K. KISHORE”,
Assistant Professor, Dept. of MCA, Department of MASTER OF COMPUTER
APPLICATION, who played a supervisory role to utmost perfection, enabled us to
seek through our MCA main project and guide as an internal guide methodically
and meticulously.

I am highly indebted to Dr. R. Bulli Babu M. Tech, Ph.D., Head of the

Department, of Computer Science and Engineering for providing us with all the
necessary support.

I am very much thankful to the college management for their continuous support
and facilities provided.

I render our deep sense of gratitude to Dr. Kalluri Rama Kotaiah, Principal,
for permitting us to carry out our main project works. We would like to
express our sincere thanks to the Computer Science and Engineering staff for
lending us their time to help us complete the work successfully.

M.MANEESHA
(22JK1F0022)
 INDEX

S. No TOPICS PAGE NUMBER

1. INTRODUCTION …………………… 1-3

1.1 Introduction ………….

1.2 Abstract ……………. 4

1.3 Existing System ………... 5-6

1.4 Proposed System …………. 6-7

2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS……………………. 8-10

2.1 What Is System Analysis ……………...

2.2Role of System Analysis ……………….

3. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION………. 11-19

3.1 Software Requirements ………………………

3.2Hardware Requirements…………………………. 20

3.3Input and Output Design ………………………… 21-24

3.4 Literature Survey……………………………… 25-26

4. SYSTEM DESIGN 27-30

5. UML DIAGRAMS ……………………. 31

5.1 Use case diagram……………………………………… 31-33

5.2 Class diagram................................ 32-34

5.3 Activity diagram.......................... 34-35

6. SYSTEM TESTING………………... 37

6.1 System Testing ……………….

6.2 Unit Testing …………………. 38-39

6.3 Integrating Testing ……………. 39-41

7. SCREENSHORTS……………………….
7.1 Backend ………………… 42-55
7.2 Frontend………………. 55-61

CONCLUSION……………… 63-70
 INTRODUCTION

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1.1Introduction
What is Faculty Leave Management System?
The order to simplify and automate the procedure of handling faculty leave requests and
approvals that educational institutions including schools, colleges, and universities, a Faculty
Leave Management System (FLMS) has been developed.
Every organization relies on data, as well as the personnel is responsible for driving and
completing daily tasks. Anyone in the association may use this leave management system.
Each employee must personally submit their leave paperwork to their supervisor. Keeping
records was tedious, and verifying adds to that. As a result, more administrative labour is
generated.
We can use this project framework to automate the college's leave application and
endorsement processes. It allows for easier record support and reduces administrative effort.
Data loss is also less likely to occur. Notification, automated leave endorsement, suggestions
and replies for outstanding tasks, report age, and so on are some of the features of this
system.
Cutting expenses and saving time are both made easier using this structure. Employees will
be empowered and given more control over their work lives as a result. Staffs remain present
& agreeable despite changes to norms and guidelines thanks to the innovative Adaptability
highlights.
A Leave Management System automates the leave request process, making it hassle-free for
both the management and the employees. It seamlessly handles all the stages involved in a
leave management process: application, approval/rejection, filing leaves, managing leave
balance, and analysis.
Recently, most colleges facing the problem of managing the faculty lectures. Accurate faculty
management is very necessary for the overall progress of college. It can be used by
educational institutes or colleges to maintain the records of students easily. The creation and
management of accurate, up-to-date information regarding a students’ academic career is
critically important in the university as well as colleges. Student information system deals
with all kind of student details, academic related reports, college details, course details,
curriculum, batch details, placement details and other resource related details too. Very large
amount of time is wasted on manually entering attendance of each and every student also
there are manual errors in this process. Also managing lectures, if some faculty is on leave, is

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difficult task. This system automates both this processes by taking biometric attendance and
creating a faculty leave management process which reduces the faculty workload.
Each association is data driven and the staff drives and completes everyday activities. This
Leave Management System can be utilized all through the association. The staff needs to
present their leaves physically to their individual authorities. This builds the administrative
work keeping up the records gets repetitive and checking additionally builds the
administrative work. This venture framework can be utilized to computerize the work process
of leave applications and their endorsements in our college. It diminishes the administrative
work and empowers simpler record support. It additionally lessens odds of Data misfortune.
This framework has highlights like notifying, computerized leave endorsement, remaining
task at hand suggesting and reactions and report age and so on. This framework will help in
lessening costs, sparing time. Staff will be enabled and connect with more info and authority
over their work life. The ground-breaking adaptability highlights keep staffs present and
agreeable, even as rules and guidelines change.
A Leave Management System automates the leave request process, making it hassle-free for
both the management and the employees. It seamlessly handles all the stages involved in a
leave management process: application, approval/rejection, filing leaves, managing leave
balance, and analysis.
In the existing system paperwork related to leave management, leaves are maintained using
the attendance register for faculties. The faculties need to submit their leaves manually to
respective HOD which increases paperwork and maintaining the records becomes tedious.
The Leave Management System for ACE has been developed to override the problems
prevailing in the existing system. Moreover this system is designed for the particular need of
the college to perform operations in a smooth and effective manner.
This leave management system for ACE will reduce work as well as possible to avoid errors
while entering the data. It also provide error message while entering invalid data and no
formal knowledge is needed for the faculties to use this system. Thus by this all it proves it is
user-friendly system. Leave management system, as described above can lead to error free,
secure, reliable and fast management system. It can assist the faculty concentrate on their
activities rather to concentrate on the record keeping. Thus it will help to college in better
utilization of resource. The main objective of this is to decrease the paperwork and help in
easier record maintenance by having a particular centralized database system where leaves
and personal information maintained.

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 Abstract :Under the present leave board structure, all colleges and departments use a
record bookkeeping method that is based on human intervention. The Administration
Department takes a long time at the end of each month to verify everyone's leaves, and there's
a chance that they could miss anything or make a mistake. An organization-wide online app,
the Faculty Leave Management System is accessible from any location.With the approval if
the department's head, the schedule in-charge, & the college head, this application handles
data pertaining to teaching staff leaves. Every member of staff is provided with a unique
identity & a secret code to access the system.
 In the existing Leave Management System, every college follows manual procedure. At
the end of each month, administration department calculates leaves of every faculties that
why that is time taking process and there are chances of losing data or errors in the leave
register. Leave Management System for ACE is a web base system which can be accessed all
over the college. This system for managing leaves related information of faculty’s approval of
leaves from the principal and head of department. The principal and head of department have
permission to verify the leave request of their faculties. After verifying the leave application
of faculties, the principal and HOD will give remark like approved and rejected.
 In the current leave the board framework, each college/Department follows manual
technique in which staff enters in a record book. Toward the finish of every month
Administration Department ascertains the leaves of every individual which is a period taking
procedure and there is an odd of losing information or blunders in the record. Faculty Leave
Management System venture is a web application which can be gotten to everywhere
throughout the association. This application is computerized programming application for
dealing with leaves related data of teaching staff endorsement of leaves from the time-table
incharge, Head of the department and head of the college. Each staff is furnished with one of
a kind id and secret key for sign in to framework. This technique will improve the procedure
of leave the executives inside association by sparing time and assets and furthermore lessen
the administrative work and keep up record in a productive and orderly manner. This task
likewise computes absolute no of leaves and show the subtleties once staff login.

In the existing Leave Management System, every college follows manual procedure. At the
end of each month, administration department calculates leaves of every faculties that why
that is time taking process and there are chances of losing data or errors in the leave register.
Leave Management System for ACE is a web base system which can be accessed all over the
college.
This system for managing leaves related information of faculty’s approval of leaves from the
principal and head of department. The principal and head of department have permission to
verify the leave request of their faculties. After verifying the leave application of faculties, the
principal and HOD will give remark like approved and rejected.

1.3 Existing System

Notifications concerning any circulars for students or professors can't be sent to their mobile
devices, and neither can students nor their parents get results messages of daily attendance
reports.

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 Concerns about data security

 A larger workforce

 Consuming a lot of time

 Utilizes a substantial amount of pare work.

 Needs to be calculated by hand. The higher-ups have no say in the matter

In the existing Leave Management System, every college follows manual procedure. At the
end of each month, administration department calculates leaves of every faculties that why
that is time taking process and there are chances of losing data or errors in the leave register.
Leave Management System for ACE is a web base system which can be accessed all over the
college.
This system for managing leaves related information of faculty’s approval of leaves from the
principal and head of department. The principal and head of department have permission to
verify the leave request of their faculties. After verifying the leave application of faculties, the
principal and HOD will give remark like approved and rejected.

Drawbacks of Existing System

Security issues:

One of the most significant worries is safety. Data that is sensitive or confidential must be
protected against accidental / unauthorized disclosure / access using well-designed systems.
There needed to be constant vigilance and maintenance for the multiple "departments" with
access authorizations that were often involved in this.

Expensive:

Cost is another consideration. This may be particularly problematic for smaller companies.
Buying and keeping a system running requires money. Because they are cloud-based and
initially do not need as much work, software is service solutions are simpler to maintain from
a cost perspective. An information technology expert is usually employed to oversee the
system at larger establishments.
Staffing:

The setup time is minimal for a small team of workers. Hiring an IT expert to oversee the
system may be expensive, however, if the figure is large.

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Scalability:

In general, small enterprises are more likely to disrupt established norms and grow over time.
For their small staff, for instance, they first settled on a basic vacation management system.
They expect the system to adapt to their changing needs as they develop. Changing systems
each time a company's personnel grows is illogical.

1.4 Proposed System

Both pupils and teachers should feel as light as possible under the circumstances. Our
biometric attendance solution serves this objective by automatically documenting attendance.
This further guarantees that no one is acting as a proxy and that all of the classes were well
attended. If that doesn't work, try sending an SMS to the cell phone number that their parents
have on file. We have also programmed a system to take over professors' lectures while they
are out sick.

Services such as online note-taking and assignment submission are available to students. A
number of databases, including those pertaining to students, teachers, academic information,
class schedules, etc., are used to do this. That way, the administration of the institution runs
smoothly and efficiently.

 When it comes to each user's actions when engaging with system, the suggested solution
offers superior input/output capabilities.
 Compared to the current method, the search for properties/flats is much quicker. As a
result, the parent is able to work more efficiently.
 Online property exhibition is the most significant aspect of the system since it eliminates
the need to physically visit the location.
 To better attend to the demands and demands of clients, a feedback mechanism has been
included.

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 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

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 2.1 WHAT IS SYSTEM ANALYSIS

REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS A description of the intended system's features may be found

in the software requirements. It could be plain to see or cleverly concealed, familiar or
mysterious, predicted or surprising. It is common practice to declare software requirements.
2.1 Needs for Functionality A system's functional requirements outline the tasks the it is
expected to do. Calculations, technical functions, data manipulation, processing, and other
functional needs are dealt within functional requirements [6].

2.1.1 Authentication• Login- With the correct credentials, the user may access Leave
Management System.

• Logout- The Leave Management System allows the user to log out. The user will not
be able to login if database doesn't include their username & password.

2.1.2 Authorization User role check- Once the database checks the user's role, user's interface
will display.

2.1.3 Leave Application/Approval

• Leave application - The leave application form may be filled out by all users by simply
selecting the appropriate areas.

Leave approval- Based on reasons provided & duration of absence, the CEO & HOD may
accept leave applications for employees under their department.

2.1.4 Functions

• Add new user - A new user may be added to database by the admin. With a fresh user,
you'll have access to all of your necessary personal data. A unique ID will be assigned to the
newly formed user.

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 • Add a new user role - A newly formed user may be given a new position by the
administrator, such as Employee, Head of Department, or CEO.

• Leave report generation - The database should have all the necessary information for
the administrator, head of department, and chief executive officer to create a PDF leave report
to every employee.

2.2 Non-Functional Requirements The structure and specificity of a system's intended

operation may be defined with the help of non-functional criteria. Assumptions about the
properties and traits of the system are common. In order to verify that the whole system is
effective and user-friendly, a non-functional criterion is necessary [7]. Unfortunately, the
system's output may not meet.
1.
Data Model: Defining the structure of the database and how different types of data will be
stored and related to each other. This includes tables/entities for users, leave types, leave
requests, approvals, etc.

2.
User Interface Design: Designing an intuitive and user-friendly interface for faculty
members and administrators to interact with the system. This involves creating wireframes,
mock ups, and prototypes to visualize the layout and flow of screens.

3.
Workflow Design: Defining the workflow for leave application submission, approval, and
notification process. This includes specifying who can submit leave requests, who can
approve/reject them, and what actions are triggered at each step.

4.
Integration: Identifying any existing systems (e.g., HR systems, payroll systems) that need
to be integrated with the leave management system and defining the interfaces and protocols
for data exchange.

5.
Testing Strategy: Planning the testing approach to ensure that the system meets the specified
requirements and functions correctly. This may include unit testing, integration testing, user
acceptance testing, etc.

6.
Deployment Plan: Planning the deployment of the system including installation,
configuration, data migration (if applicable), user training, and roll out strategy.

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 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

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3.1 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Python: The website's back end and development are mostly accomplished in Python.

Web Framework (Flask): Web frameworks like Flask make it easy to build the back end,
route URLs, handle requests, and integrate with databases.

Web Scraping Libraries (Beautiful Soup, Scrappy): To extract information about properties
from websites that list them, you may use Beautiful Soup or Scrappy.

Database Management System:

MySQL: Intended for use in more complex applications where

stronger database administration is required.

Front end Technologies:

HTML: The language used to structure web pages using markup.

CSS: Web design language to create page layouts.

JavaScript: Programming language designed for creating dynamic

content & interactive features.

Template Engine: For easier dynamic content creation & HTML template rendering, use a
template engine.

Back end Technologies: python, Flask Framework.

We built the software on top of Python. A number of Python libraries are used by it.

Installation Of Python:

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 One of the most popular high-level programming languages is Python. We must install
Python on our PC before we can create and run programs in Python.
Python may be easily installed on Windows by following a few simple steps.

Step 1 − Select the Version of Python to Install

The varied versions of Python programming language have varied syntax and how they
function. We must choose the version that best suits our needs or preferences. Python 2
and Python 3 both come in various versions.

Step 2 − Download Python Executable Installer

To get the Windows installer, use the online browser and go to the Python
website (WWW.python.org).

Python versions will be presented in alphabetical order. Click on

Download once you've chosen the version you need. Assume for a
moment that we opted for Python 3.9.1.

A list of executable installers, each tailored to a certain operating system, will appear
when you click the "download" button. Select the installer that is compatible with your

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operating system & save it to your computer. Consider the following scenario: we opt
for the Windows installation (64 bits).
The file size is under 30 megabytes.

Step 3 − Run Executable Installer

The 64-bit installation for Python 3.9.1 for Windows was downloaded.
Deploy the software. Before clicking "Install New," be careful to tick both boxes on
the bottom.

On clicking Install Now, The installation process starts.

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After what seems like an eternity, the installation should finish successfully, and you should
see the screen below.
Step 4 − Verify Python is installed on Windows
To make sure your Python installation went well. Do as instructed.

• Activate the command prompt.

• Just type "python" and hit enter.

• If the Python installation on your Windows machine was successful, you should
be able see the version of Python that's currently installed.

Step 5 − Verify Pip was installed

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Python software packages are powerfully managed via Pip. Accordingly, ensure that it
is installed.

• Activate the command prompt.

• To verify pip installation, use pip -V.

• Once pip has been successfully installed, you should get the following output.

HTML:

Hypertext markup language, called HTML for short, is a standard for presenting data
obtained via the World Wide Web. From World Wide Web, each retrieval unit is
called a Web page, & these pages often include hypertext connections that let you get
similar sites. The markup language used to encode web pages is known as HTML.
British physicist Sir Tim Burners-Lee worked on its creation in the 1980s at
Switzerland's CERN nuclear physics facility. Elements like headers, paragraphs, and
tables are defined using HTML markup tags. They use markup languages to make a
document viewable in web browser. Depending on the user's screen resolution and
font choices, the browser renders the HTML elements such as headers, paragraphs,
and tables.
Components of an HTML page are called HTML elements. It is possible to include
media elements, such as interactive forms, into final page using HTML elements. By
designating structural semantics for text elements like headers, paragraphs, lists,
links, and quotations, HTML enables the creation of organized texts. The tags used
to define HTML elements are enclosed in angle brackets. Title tags like <img/> and
input tags like <input /> immediately add material to a page. The <p> tag is one
example of an element that may include other tags as sub-elements and surrounds the

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 content of a page. Despite their opacity, browsers rely on HTML tags to decipher
web pages.

Applications of HTML:Setting up websites. The web page's content, including

paragraphs and headers, may be defined using tags and components.Getting around
the web....Incorporating media files into a page.Facilitating better offline
functionality and data storage on the client side....Game creation....Interacting using
native API.

CSS:The acronym for "Cascading Style Sheets" is CSS. Markup Language is a style
sheet language that describes the type and appearance of markup document. To
HTML, it adds a new capability. Its primary function is to alter the visual appearance
of web pages and user interfaces in conjunction with HTML. It is also compatible
with SVG, XUL, and plain XML documents.Most websites utilize CSS in
conjunction with JavaScript & HTML to build user interfaces for online applications.
Many mobile app user interfaces are built to allow content & presentation to be
separated, including layout, colors, and fonts. the third The content's accessibility
can be enhanced, and there will be greater control & flexibility in the details on the
display; let several web pages to use the same formatting By enclosing the applicable
CSS in its own.CSS file, we can simplify and standardize the structural content, as
well as can speed up page loads for sites that use the same file by caching it.

Applications of CSS:Controlling Effects and Flash Animation. …Managing

Dynamic Web Templates. ...Social Media. ...Image File Management. ...Ease of
Accessibility. ...Website Maintenance. ...Server-Side and End-User Representation.

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 JAVA SCRIPT:

A lot of websites utilize JavaScript, a lightweight object-oriented programming language, to

write their pages. When applied on an HTML page, this full-fledged, interpreted
programming language allows for dynamic website interaction. It was first released in 1995
so that users of the Netscape Navigator browser could insert applications into their websites.
Every other graphical web browser has used it since then. Users may construct state-of-the art
web apps that provide immediate interaction with no page refresh required using JavaScript.
A number of simple and interactive features are provided by the conventional website via the
usage of JS.

For most online applications, JavaScript is either included into the HTML itself as an HTML
element or referenced from another file that already contains the script.

A website may have functionality added to it using JavaScript, as it is a full-featured

programming language.

Examples include:

1. you may avoid refreshing the page by loading content using AJAX.

2. using the Document Object Model to make HTML changes

Making changes to the style sheet, checking form inputs, and submitting them. Observing
visitors' actions as they navigate the site.

Applications of Java script :Interactive web pages are made possible using JavaScript. Its
primary applications include dynamic drop-down menus, client-side validation, Showing the
current time and date, Displaying pop-up windows and dialog boxes (such an alert dialog
box, confirm dialog box, and prompt dialog box), Displaying clocks etc.

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3.2 Hardware requirements:

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3 INPUT AND OUTPUT DESIGN:

INPUT DESIGN:

When planning the input features of a faculty leave management system, it is important to
think about how users will enter data and how accurate it has to be. Some important factors to
keep in mind while designing:

1.User-Friendly Interface: The input fields should have clear labels and instructions to make
the interface straightforward to use and understand. The section where faculty members may
enter their leave requests and other pertinent information should be clearly accessible.

2.Form Design: Forms for leave requests must be designed with clarity and conciseness in
mind. To make things easier for everyone, be sure to mark each input area and ask for just the
information that is really essential.

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3.Validation: Incorporate validation tests to guarantee the data input is correct and in the
correct format. Date fields, for instance, should only take legitimate dates, & numeric fields,
numbers only.

4.Dropdown Menus and Selection Lists: For fields with preset alternatives, such leave
kinds (e.g., sick leave, vacation, personal leave), use dropdown menus or selection lists. As a
result, data input is more standardized and fewer mistakes are made.

5.Calendar widgets: Add calendar widgets that allow faculty members to easily pick their
preferred leave dates. To avoid mistakes while choosing a date, this graphic aid is useful.
6.Error Handling: Notify users with helpful error messages if fields are missing / input is
incorrect. Make it very clear what needs fixing so we can go forward with submitting the
leave request.

7.Mobile-Friendly Design: Teachers may need to seek time off from anywhere, therefore it's
important that the form be mobile-friendly and easy to use. This involves creating layouts and
input components that are compatible with touch screens.

8.Accessibility: Follow accessibility guidelines while designing the input interface so that
people with impairments can use it. This includes making sure that keyboard navigation is
available and that pictures have alternate text.

9.Progress Indicators: Provide progress indicators to faculty members so they may see how
far along they are on leave request process as well as how many stages are left.

10. Feedback and Confirmation: Make sure you provide quick response after submitting a
leave request to let them know it was received. That their request has been handled is
reassuring to faculty members.

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A faculty leave management system's input interface may be designed to be efficient, user
friendly, & favourable to correct data entry by keeping certain design concepts in mind.

OUTPUT DESIGN:

1. When planning the output features of a faculty leave management system, keep in
mind that administrators, faculty, and various other stakeholders will need information
presented in a way that is clear, structured, and easy to access. Important factors to keep in
mind while creating the output of this kind of system are as follows:

2. Dashboard: Create a dashboard so administrators & faculty members may see a

summary of leave-related data, including remaining leave, future leave requests, & approval
statuses. The dashboard may be tailored to the user's tastes and priorities with the use of
customizable widgets / modules.

3. Leave Request Status: Whether a faculty member's leave request is awaiting

approval, authorized, or refused, they should be able to see the status of their request. For
easier inspection and monitoring, administrators should have access to a complete list of each
leave requests along with their respective statuses.

4. Leave Calendar: Display accepted leaves, forthcoming leave periods, and any
relevant events or deadlines associated with leave management visibly on a calendar
interface. This is helpful for scheduling and planning since it gives a clear picture of the
available leave.

5. Notifications and Reminders: Set up a system to notify administrators and

professors when certain events occur, such as when leave requests are waiting to be approved
or when leave balances reach certain levels. You have the option to get these alerts by text
message, in-app notifications, or email.

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6. Reports and Analytic: Create individualized analytic & reports that shed light on
Kips like leave trends, usage rates, and absence patterns. Decisions about leave policy,
workforce levels, and resource allocation may be better made with this data in hand.

7. Document Generation: Produce a variety of leave-related documents automatically

in several formats (e.g., Word, PDF) for convenient distribution as well as record-keeping.
These documents may include leave rules, leave approval letters, & leave balance statements.

8. Audit Trail: All actions pertaining to leaves, including as requests, approvals,

rejections, and adjustments, should be meticulously documented. In addition to helping with
compliance, this makes the leave management process more open and accountable.

9. Role-Based Access Control: To protect sensitive leave-related data, set up role-based

access control based on user permissions & responsibilities. For instance, administrators may
have access to all faculty leave data, but individual faculty members might only be able to see
their own.

10. Search and Filtering: Provide extensive search & filtering options to enable users to
rapidly identify certain leave records / information based on parameters such as date range,
leave type, faculty member name, etc.

11. Mobile Accessibility: Users should be able to view their leave information whenever
and wherever they choose, so make sure the output interfaces are responsive and mobile
friendly.
Faculty leave management systems can be made more user-friendly, efficient, and effective
by including these design considerations into their output features.

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3.3 Literature Survey:

System review:

As part of our effort to learn about people's wants and requirements, we combed
through various online resources in search of the basics that would spark fresh
ideas and allow us to tackle the project in a new way. We also found that there is a
fair amount of development in this area, and we came to the conclusion that such
an application is necessary.

Feasibility Study:
1. Technical, operational, financial, & scheduling viability are all factors that should
be
considered in a faculty leave management system's feasibility assessment. A
possible
layout of such a research is as
follows:
Technical :
2. Feasibility
System Requirements : Assess the availability or ease of acquisition and
implementation of thenecessary technological infrastructure, including
network.
hardware, software, and
Integration: Find outwhether
be the system for managing leaves of absence
can orcurrent systems such databases for human
integrated with payroll,
academic resources,
Scalability
Assess the workloadscheduling
and programs.

any potential system's scalability in relation to the present faculty

changes in organizational demands.
3. Operational :

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 Feasibility
User Acceptance : Evaluate the level of enthusiasm for the system among
administrators, professors, and other interested parties.

Training Needs: Ascertain the necessary user training to make the most of
technology and the guarantee a seamless roll out.
4. Workflow Alignment : Evaluate the system's compatibility with the institution's
5. current procedures and processes for managing leaves.
Economic :
Feasibility
Cost-Benefit Analysis: Time savings, improved efficiency, and less
paperwork are just a few of the advantages that may be expected from the
system, therefore it's important to do a cost-benefit analysis to weigh them
against one other.

• Return on Investment (ROI): Calculate the return on investment (ROI)

over a certain time frame by factoring in both measurable and unmeasurable
outcomes, such as financial savings and increased production as well as
subjective advantages, such as happier workers.

• Total Cost of Ownership (TCO): Think about how much it will cost to set
up, maintain, support, and train the system, as well as how much it will cost
overall.
6. Scheduling :
Feasibility
Implementation Timeline : Create a practical schedule for launching the
system, factoring in things like personalizing the system, migrating data,
testing, and training users.
Make sure there are enough resources (such as
Resource Availability: Make
money, and IT staff) to carry out the
project management
implementation
assistance, plan by the given
deadline.
Risk Management : Plan for any risks and challenges that can delay the implementation

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 schedule, and solutions.
devise
Stakeholders may make well-informed choices on moving forward with the
development and implementation of the faculty leave management system based
on results of feasibility study. The research might also find ways to make the
system better and more efficient so that it works better and reaps more rewards.
SYSTEM DESIGN

Any educational institution may benefit from this system's implementation of a leave
management application for personnel. All of the college's employees have access to the leave
management system on the web. Among their functions is the ability to update employee
data, approve or cancel leaves, and monitor employees' leave histories.

This system is specifically made for the following issues:

The amount of physical labour required is decreased.

2. All aspects of this system are computerized.

Superbly effective and precise.

4. Records of college employees are easily accessible.

Provides data visibility in real-time. 8.

The general tasks involved in the design process are the following:

The project's overarching goal is to automate the process of staff leave management via the
development of an application software.

1. To generate inquiry for staff on demand.

2. To keep all the information related to pending leave.
3. Well-designed database to store faculty information.
4. The main objective of this application is to automate as well as update the leave
information of staff.
5. It tracks all the details about faculty, and attendance.
6. If the any of the faculty wants to know about his/her leave status it will be very

User interface Design

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 1. The goal of developing a faculty leave management system's user interface (UI)
should be to provide a platform that is easy to use, productive, and aesthetically
pleasing. Some potential components of the user interface are as follows:
2. Dashboard:
 Faculty members must be able to see pertinent information, including pending leave
requests, remaining leave balances, and critical notifications, on a dashboard that appears
when they check in.
 Make routine operations such as applying for leave, examining leave history, and
changing personal information easily accessible.
3. Leave Application Form:
 Develop a straightforward and user-friendly form that faculty members may utilize to
request time off.
 Fill out the form with the following fields: kind of leave (such as sick leave or vacation),
start and finish dates, reason for leave, and any paperwork that may be required to
support the claim.
 Make use of validation to guarantee accurate completion of all mandatory fields.
4. Leave Calendar:
 Present a graphical calendar outlining the vacation plans of all faculty members.
 Make it possible for users to sort leave requests by day, week, or month and sort them
further by faculty member or kind of leave.
 Help faculty members find open leave dates by analysing current permissions and
conflicts.
5. Leave Approval Workflow:
 Allow administrators or department heads to handle leave requests using a different
interface.
 Permit those in charge of approving leave requests to go over them, say yes or no, and
provide any comments or criticism they may have.
 Notify faculty members and approves of any changes to the status of leave requests via
the use of notifications.
6. Leave Balances and History:
 Authorize faculty members to see their existing leave balances, including things like
earned vacation days and sick leave.

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 The ability to see user's leave history is granted, which includes the dates of approval and
rejection as well as the amount of outstanding leave for each category.
7. Profile Management:
 The faculty members should be given the opportunity to update their personal data,
contact information, & emergency contacts.
 Users should have the chance to personalize their dashboard layout & configure their
notification settings.
8. Accessibility and Responsiveness:
 Make sure that people with impairments can utilize the user interface by adhering to
accessibility guidelines, such as WCAG.
 Make sure the interface is responsive so it will look great on any device, no matter the
size of the screen.

9. Help and Support:

 To assist users in completing the leave application process, make sure that the interface is
equipped with clear instructions & tool-tips.
 Give users the option to call support if they need assistance or get answers to frequently
asked issues on a dedicated help section or FAQ page.
10. Security:
 To make sure that the system can only be accessed by authorized users, set up robust
authentication procedures.
 To safeguard sensitive information including personal details and leave history, adhere to
best standards for data security and encryption.
11. Feedback Mechanism:
 Make sure you have a way for consumers to give input
about their system-using experience.
 Make use of this criticism to fix any problems with the user interface and make it more
user-friendly.
12. By incorporating these elements into the user interface design, you can create a
faculty leave management system that is user-friendly, efficient, and meets the needs
of both faculty members and administrators.
4.1 Data Flow Diagram:

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In a Faculty Leave Management System, a Data Flow Diagram (DFD) would indicate the
movement of data from one process or entity to another and from one data repository to
another. For this kind of system, here is a more basic DFD:

+-----------------+
| Faculty |
| Leave Management|
| System |
+-----------------+
|
|
v
+---------------------------+
| Process 1 |
| Receive Leave Request |
+---------------------------+
|
|
v
+---------------------------+
| Process 2 |
| Review Leave Request |
+---------------------------+
|
|
v
+---------------------------+
| Process 3 |
| Approve/Reject Request |
+---------------------------+
|
|
v

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 +---------------------------+
| Process 4 |
| Update Leave Information |
+---------------------------+
|
|
v
+---------------------------+
| Data Store 1 |
| Faculty Leave Database |
+---------------------------+

Description
:
Faculty Leave Management System: The primary platform for managing all
activities pertaining to leaves of absence.
Process 1 (Receive Leave Request):Receiving requests for leave by faculty
members is part of this procedure.
Process 2 (Review Leave Request):Requests from faculty members are examined to
make sure they full fill the necessary standards.
Process 3 (Approve/Reject Request):Considerations such as available leave balance,
policy, and other similar considerations determine whether the petitions are allowed or
refused.
Process 4 (Update Leave Information):When a request is green lit, the faculty leave
database is updated with the new details.
Data Store 1 (Faculty Leave Database):Here you may get all the faculty leave
details, such as their current leave balance, past leave details, etc.
Additional
Levels:

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You may split out each process into sub processes and expand on the data flows and storage
involved by creating more thorough tiers of DfES, depending on system's complexity and
depth.

5.UML Diagram:

5.1 Use case diagram:

The user's journey through the system may be shown in use case diagram. Additionally, it
demonstrates the correlation between user engagement and various instances [8]. Various user
categories and behaviors make up a use case diagram. To summarize, a use case scenario is a
narrative that walks the reader through each stage of a user's intended usage of a system,
capturing the behaviors of the device from the user's perspective. Figure 2 shows the
recognized characteristics that will be used to develop appropriate use cases for the system
[9]. • Worker (every member of the staff)

• Head of Department (HOD)

• Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

• Admin (Super User)

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5.2 Class diagram:
The structure of classes in Faculty Management System, together with their properties,
functions, and connections between objects, are shown by a Class Diagram. The Faculty
Management System's primary classifications are Student, Faculty, Course, and Subject.

Interfaces, relationships, collaborations, constraints, & classes are all shown in the class
diagram. A structural diagram is another name for it.

Purpose of Class Diagrams

A class diagram represents the application's static view and serves to model it. Because of
their direct map ability with object-oriented languages, class diagrams are the most popular
choice for construction-stage diagrams.

Unlike class diagrams, which may show more than just the application's sequence flow, UML
diagrams like activity & sequence diagrams can show more than just that. As far as UML
diagrams go, it is the gold standard among programmers.

How to Draw a Class Diagram?

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 When it comes to using UML diagrams to build software applications, class
diagrams are by far the most used. Mastering the process of designing class
diagrams is crucial.

The qualities that need to be considered while designing a class diagram are many,
but in this case, we will look at diagram from top down.
Class diagrams are visual representations of system's static view that stand in for
various components of the application. A set of class diagrams depicting the whole
system.

The following points should be remembered while drawing a class diagram −

The class diagram's name need to provide some useful information about the system's
component.

It is important to anticipate each component and the interactions between them. Each class's
responsibilities, including its properties and methods, need to be defined.

It is recommended to include a minimal amount of properties for each class to avoid making
the diagram too complex with unneeded features.

If you need to explain anything about the diagram, make note of it. By the time the artist
finishes sketching, the developer or programmer should be able to grasp it.

Last but not least, sketch out the diagram on some blank paper then make as many revisions
as needed until you get the final version just right.

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5.3 Activity Diagram:

• This UML Activity Diagram of the Faculty Management System primarily involves
the following tasks:

• The Admin User has the ability to find Teachers, read their descriptions, add, edit, and
remove them.

• The procedure of editing, adding, & updating timecard is shown.

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The steps involved in processing leave requests within a faculty leave management system
can be better understood through an activity diagram. Let’s break it down:

1. Faculty Leave Management System (Main Activity)

2. Activities:
o Process Leave Request: Initiates the handling of a leave request.
o Review Leave Request: Evaluates the request to determine approval
or rejection.
o Approve Leave Request: If the request meets criteria, it is
approved.
o Reject Leave Request: If the request doesn’t meet criteria, it is
rejected
Activity when a request for leave is received. step is for the system to examine the
Flow: request. progresses to approval if it full fills the requirements, which is

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1.It all starts determined by the

2.The second moved to denial if it does not match the requirements.

rejection of the request is the last step in the procedure.
3.The request
evaluation.

The request is

4.Approval or
The process for handling leave requests inside the Faculty Leave Management System is
basically shown in this activity diagram. Additional actions and decision points can be
necessary, depending on system's complexity and the needs.

5.4 Sequence Diagram:

Drawing out the steps that various parts of a faculty leave management system take in
response to a leave request is what a sequence diagram is all about.

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 6.SYSTEM TESTING

6.1 System Testing:

Thorough testing is essential for any system's performance, and a well-managed test strategy
should be in place before testing begins. We need to test the newly produced "modules" in a
way that minimizes the occurrence of problems. Here are the steps we intended to take in
order to put the system through its paces.

Because this is an evolving system, each component is always being tested.

"Basis Path Testing" is an attempt to test every possible route through the system. This
process catalogue every possible way to access a certain system function, as well as all of the
pathways that lead to that function.

"Control Structure Testing" is another kind of testing that will check each condition using
both positive & negative data. "Data Flow Testing" shall also be executed as part of this
testing activity to ensure that the system is properly handling data. Plus, I'll make sure that
the data input from one operation is reflected when needed.

"Boundary Value Analysis" will be used to evaluate all circumstances. It takes various inputs
to determine whether system is working with boundary values or not. is to be fully grasped.

Using the aforementioned testing activities, the system is being tested in a "Unit Testing"
fashion, where each unit is examined exhaustively. Additionally, integration testing will be
carried out to guarantee that the integrated unit is communicating correctly with other units.

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 6.2 Unit Testing:

In order to verify that certain parts of a real estate listing website function as intended,
it is common practice to conduct separate tests for each component or unit of code.
One possible strategy for doing unit tests on this kind of website is as follows:

Break your code into smaller, testable components. 1. Identify components. Units like
this might include classes or methods that handle things like user login, listing
generation, search capabilities, and so on in the context of a website that lists real
estate.

Step 2: Pick a Testing Framework: Figure out which unit testing framework works
best with your technology stack. Jest for JavaScript, PHP Unit for PHP, J Unit for
Java, etc., are often used options for web development.

Step 3 :produce testing: create a set of test cases for every piece of code. Included in
these tests should be a variety of normal, edge, & error situations.

For example:
Make sure that a user may enter their credentials and log in without any problems.
Make sure that attempting to log in with incorrect credentials results in an error
message.
Verify that filling out all of the necessary data results in a correctly produced listing.
Verify that the listing creation process returns an error message in the event that a
mandatory field is missing.
Verify that various search queries get the anticipated results when using the search
capability.

1. Mock Dependencies: Make use of mocks or stubs to isolate the unit that is
being tested, if it depends on external services / databases. By avoiding dependencies
on the actions of third-party components, this method guarantees that tests don't lose
sight of the target unit.

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 2. Run Tests: To make sure that updates to your code base don't cause
regressions, run your unit tests often. If you can, include testing into your CI/CD
workflow whenever feasible.

1. Refactor and Iterate: While creating tests, you could find places in your code that
might be made more testable. You can make your code more testable and modular by
refactoring it, and you can increase coverage & reliability by iterating on your tests.

2. Coverage Analysis: Find out which parts of your software aren't getting enough
testing by using tools to assess code coverage. Get your code covered as much as
possible, but keep in mind that even 100% coverage doesn't guarantee bug-free code.

3. Regression Testing: To be sure to build tests that cover issue fix or new functionality
whenever you add or remove features. As a result, future regressions are less likely to
occur.

If you follow these procedures, your real estate listing website will be more robust & tested,
which means fewer bugs and faults that might affect your visitors' experience.

6.3 Integrating Testing:

When it comes to real estate listing websites, testing goes beyond simple unit testing to
include integration testing, which checks how different parts of the system interact with one
other. To include testing into your website for real estate listings, follow these steps:

1. Integration Testing Setup: Pick an integration testing framework that works

with the technologies you use. Selenium, which automates testing in browsers,
Cypress, which tests JavaScript end-to-end, and Be hat, which tests PHP behaviour,
are all examples of such tools.

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 2. Identify Integration Points: 1.Clue in on the primary points of integration and
engagement on your property listing website. This might include interfaces with
databases, API s, front-end and back-end components interacting, etc.

2. Write Integration Tests: Create integration tests that verify these interactions and
integration points.

For example:
Make that database is successfully storing user data before testing the user registration
procedure. Verify that the front end displays the listings appropriately when they are
uploaded to the database by testing the listing creation process. Make that the search
works by running test queries to see whether they get the desired results from the
database. Verify the proper operation of any third-party API you may be using, such
as mapping services or payment processors.

1. Data Setup and Cleanup: Ensure consistent test environments by setting up test
data before executing integration tests. In order to maintain a clean & isolated
testing environment, it is important to include methods to clean up test data after
each test.

2. CI/CD Integration: Use your continuous integration and continuous delivery

pipeline to automate your integration tests. This helps to detect regressions early
in the development process by ensuring that tests are performed automatically
whenever changes are made to the source.

3. Monitoring and Reporting: Keep tabs on test coverage, find failures, and rank
remedies with the use of generated reports and monitored test results. Your real
estate listing website's dependability and stability are preserved when faults are
swiftly handled.

4. Performance Testing: Think about adding performance testing to your testing plan
to see how well your website handles various load scenarios. Performance testing
may be accomplished with the help of tools such as J Meter or Gatling.

5. Security Testing: Website security flaws like SQL injection, cross-site scripting
(XSS), & authentication bypass may be found and fixed with the help of security

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 testing. For security testing, tools such as Burp Suite and OWASP ZAP might be
useful.

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 7. SCREENSHOTS

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Table 1: First test case for faculty Registration Page.

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Guntur engineering college 43
Result is shown below.

44
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 Table 2: Second test case for New Password Page.

45
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Testing Unit: User Login Page.
Table 3: Fifth test case for user Signup Page.

46
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 47
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Table 4: fourth test case for Agent Login Page

The result is shown below

48
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 screenshots

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 Login page

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Signup page

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Add property page

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Dashboard

Index page

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Guntur engineering college 54
Sign up page:

1.

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Cart HTML

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Contact page

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Guntur engineering college 58
Guntur engineering college 59
 8. CONCLUSION

Therefore, the Faculty Leave Management System is helpful for institution to keep up the
leave records of staff/workforce. The framework not just keeps up the leave details of the
personnel yet in addition computerizes the work load sharing procedure. The higher
authorities may acknowledge/dismiss the leave application mentioned by the staff. This
framework offers a solid and simple to get to. It gives high security and a framework that
diminishes the work and asset required in conventional procedure. The proposal system gives
another method for processing and showing records with responsive and alluring UI.

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 faculty project.doc x
by Raghupal Reddy

Submission date: 18-Apr-2024 09:55AM (UTC-0700)

Submission ID: 2354014680

File name: faculty_project.doc x (2.55M)

Word count: 6710

Character count: 36247

Guntur engineering college 61

faculty project.docs 2 % 1% 0% 2%

ORIGINALITY REPORT

SIMILARITY INDEX INTERNET SOURCES PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PAPERS

PRIMARY SOURCES

1 WWW.course hero.com Internet Source < 1%

2 Submitted to Li-than Academy Pte Ltd Student Paper < 1%

3 Submitted to Columbia State Community College < 1%

Student Paper

4 Submitted to Liverpool John Moors University < 1%

Student Paper

5 Submitted to Istanbul Lydian University Student Paper < 1%

6 Submitted to Fiji National University Student Paper < 1%

Guntur engineering college 62
 7 Submitted to Info Myanmar College Student Paper < 1%

8 Submitted to University of Westminster Student Paper < 1%

9 ijrpr.com
Internet Source

< 1%

10 WWW.csinfo360.com Internet Source < 1%

11 Submitted to Higher Education Commission < 1%

Pakistan
Student Paper

12 saminbinh.medium.com Internet Source

< 1%

Exclude quotes On Exclude matches Off

Exclude bibliography On

Guntur engineering college 63

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