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The Research Problem and Its Background

This chapter introduces the study and the elements included. This presents the

background of the study which contains the problems concerned in the study, the statement of

the problem, the significance of the study and the benefits associated with each will be granted,

and lastly, the scope and delimitations containing the specific and general problems.

Background of the Study

Flies are common pests found in various environments, including homes, businesses, and

agricultural settings. These small insects can be a nuisance and can pose health risks by

spreading diseases such as foodborne illnesses and parasitic infections house flies or flies in

general are a diverse group of insects found worldwide. The presence of flies, a common insect

species, has long been a source of concern and annoyance in various human environments.

According to FAO (2019), An insect pest infestation is a recently detected insect pest

population, including an incursion, or a sudden significant increase of an established insect,

disease agents or weed population in an area leading to damage to plants in production fields,

forests or natural habitats and causing substantial damage to productivity, biodiversity or natural

resources. They do not rely on harmful chemicals or pesticides, making them a more sustainable

and non-toxic solution for flight control. Researchers and public health experts have taken a

growing interest in studying the issue of fly infestations, as they can transmit diseases,

contaminate food, and disrupt the overall well-being of communities.

Fly trapping machines are environmentally friendly and safe for humans and pets. They

do not rely on harmful chemicals or pesticides, making them a more sustainable and non-toxic

solution for fly control. According to Kill Pest (n.d), Fly Traps are more environmentally
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friendly compared to other control methods, fly traps have little to no effect on the environment

as they do not affect other organisms and do not cause contamination also it does not release any

harmful substances and so they are more environmentally friendly. This is particularly important

in food production and preparation areas, where chemical insecticides could contaminate food

products. Furthermore, these devices are versatile and can be used in various settings, from

residential kitchens and restaurants to agricultural facilities, waste management sites and wet

markets. They are adaptable to specific fly species and infestation levels, offering a tailored

solution for each situation.

The creation of fly catching device can help the environment. This research is focused on

lessening the flies in the environment and turning the fly ashes into cement. The researchers

decided to make an automated machine for catching, dehydrating, and grinding the flies into

powder which can be the solution to the arising problem. This will help the community of

Marilao to decrease the number of flies and make strong cement, thus saving them from health-

related risk caused by the flies and make houses. This study will be conducted in Marilao,

Bulacan.

General Problem

How to design and create a fly-catching device equipped with a dehydrator and crusher,

ensuring the development of a dependable and functional solution for efficient processing of

flies?

Specific Problems

1. Can the fly trap machine attract flies even if it is placed next to the vendor's

product?
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Flies are attracted to the flesh of animals and foods. In the market, there's no guarantee

that the flies will be attracted to the bait of the fly trap machine, as there are meats exposed in

the market area.

2. How does an enhanced fly trap machine effectively lessen fly infestation?

Multiple fly trap machines have been invented, but in the market, the only thing vendors

use to ward off flies is fans connected to their stalls, making flies avoid their products without

using any baits or fly trap machines.

3. How will the machine guarantee that the flies are granulated?

As the dehydrator only has a screen for filtering dried flies, there are instances when the

not-yet-dried flies will slip through the screen and be crushed by the roller, resulting in the flies

not being in granulated form.

Overview of the Current State of Technology

In the year 1512, the first-ever fly-killer was created: the horsetail staff, a tool designed to

drive away flies without the use of electricity. As the years passed, various fly-killers were

invented, offering more convenience and adaptation to the modern era, such as the fly-capturing

machine. With the same purpose in mind, researchers aim to continue innovating and adding

features that will help communities reduce the occurrence of fly infestations.
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 Fly-Trap Machine

“In the fly-trap machine, the attractant is straightforwardly placed on the turntable of the trap.

This could be a substance or material that is known to attract flies, such as a specific scent or

bait. The turntable serves as the platform where the attractant is positioned to entice flies. The

turntable rotates gradually, enticing flies to investigate and enter the trap."

The developers will utilize the fly trap machine's function to collect all the flies from the

market, leaving the flies trapped inside and ready to be dehydrated.

 Dehydrator

“The electric dehydrators that we are familiar with today came on the scene in the early

1900s–around the same time that electricity was discovered. These allowed, for the first time,

anyone to easily dehydrate foods in their own homes.”

This machine feature will contribute significantly to the overall effectiveness of the machine.

The fly trap is directly linked to the dehydrator, forming a chamber that facilitates easy crushing

of the dried flies.

 Crusher

In 1881, the first modern gyratory crusher was invented and patented by Philetus W. Gates.

These crushers were hugely popular and were sold all over the world. At this time, extraction of

the raw materials from the earth was still largely done by hand with the crushers doing their job.

Crushers, especially the jaw crusher and the gyratory crusher, have seen innovations in the last

100 years, but the foundational way they operate has not changed.

The crusher serves the purpose of breaking down the flies into granulated form. Once the flies

are captured and dehydrated, the crusher plays a crucial role in further processing, ensuring
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that the result is a granulated substance, making it easier to manage and dispose of the captured

flies effectively.

General Objective

To design and develop a reliable and functional fly-capturing machine, equipped with a

specific programmed timer based on fly dehydrating process, this guarantees that the fly dries

out and is prepared for crushing into granulated fly carcass.

Specific Objectives

1. To create an automated fly trap machine that is capable of dehydrating and

crushing flies into granulated form.

Most fly trap machines only capture the flies, this added feature will repurpose

flies and assures flies cannot lay eggs or the male flies will mate with dead female flies.

2. To design a fly trap machine that will lessen the work for the vendors.

This automated fly trap will decrease the work of vendors as it does not need daily

maintenance, they can collect crushed flies anytime.

Significance of the Study

The objective of this research is to create a valuable tool that helps to reduce fly

infestations, ultimately providing substantial benefits to vendors, communities, parents, teachers,

students, and future researchers.

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This automated fly capturing machine can be beneficial to:

Vendors. Vendors benefit from the use of fly-catching machines as they efficiently maintain a

hygienic environment, ensuring a pleasant experience for customers and preventing food

contamination.

Community. The local community around Marilao wet market stands to gain improved public

health and potentially reduced environmental impact from the implementation of the study's

findings. This can lead to a better quality of life for residents.

Parents. Parents can benefit from the study's findings as it pertains to public health. Safer and

healthier food consumption is a concern for families, and this research may influence their

purchasing decisions at the wet market.

Teachers. Teachers can use this study as an educational resource to demonstrate the real-world

applications of science and environmental conservation, fostering a deeper understanding of

these concepts among their students.

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Students. This research can provide students with valuable insights into environmental and

public health issues, encouraging them to explore sustainable solutions and engage in scientific

inquiry.

Future Researchers. This study serves as a foundation for future researchers to build upon,

offering opportunities to explore alternative materials for various industries and further address

the ecological and health-related challenges associated with traditional practices

Scope and Limitations

The researcher conducted this study entitled “CassFly: An Automated Machine for

Capturing and Processing Fly to Granulated Form” in Marilao, Bulacan. The target respondents

were vendors of Tabing Ilog in the Marilao wet market and had fly-related issues. The study

utilized a quantitative approach to evaluate the effectiveness of the machine for capturing and

processing the fly carcass into concrete.

Following the development of the Cassfly machine by researchers, manufacturers at the

Tabing Ilog market will test the device to evaluate its effectiveness and offer useful information

about its performance and practical applications.

Scope

In this section, the developers itemize the major components of the project which are the

hardware, software, and firmware that will be used and is essential in developing the fly

capturing machine.
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Hardware

Name of hardware or software or firmware

The main project components—hardware, software, and firmware—that are

required to create the automated fly capture device are listed by the developers in this

section.

Mini Fan Motor

The Mini fan motor serves as the main power of the machine. It will not be able to work if there's

no mini fan motor that carries to mini fan motor crusher that crushes the dehydrated flies.

Terminal Block

The terminal block serves as a connection point for electrical components, facilitating the

organized and secure wiring of various elements such as motors and power switch buttons. This

allows for efficient power distribution and streamlines electrical connections, enhancing the

overall functionality of the machine.

Ceiling Receptacle

This will serve as the holder of the light bulb that will be used in the dehydrator part of

the machine.

Light Bulb

This will serve as the heater for the machine that can be used to dehydrate the flies.

Limitations

The automated machine has a lot of benefits that are advantageous for the owners of the

machine, but there are also some restrictions on what this machine cannot do.
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1. It is not waterproof or rainproof.

If water or rain runs through the machine, it can be a source of the circuit or maybe the

machine does not work or breaks down.

2. Efficiency and Speed

Ensuring that the machine can collect fly carcasses without causing any delays in the

procedure.

3. Final Packaging

Once the granulated fly carcasses are ready, the machine may not handle the final packaging

process, such as filling containers or sealing packages, which would typically require separate

equipment or manual labor.

4. Adaptability Machines

May lack the adaptability to deal with changes in fly size, species, or conditions, leading to

inconsistencies in the final product.

5. Cleaning and Maintenance.

Even though automated machine can catch flies, they might need constant upkeep and

cleaning to stay functional. In terms of maintenance, they might not be self-sufficient.

.
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Review of Literature and Related Studies

The researchers have collected different papers, studies, literature, and theories relating to

the project and have explored the technology to be employed. Also, these literature and other

studies give the proponents knowledge and comprehension of the previous publications provided

insights into the concepts being investigated. In this chapter, it contains technical and theoretical

background, research paradigm, hypotheses and definition of term that will serve as the

researcher's guide for completing the project.

Electric fly-catching machines are increasingly common nowadays and can be found in

various places such as homes, specifically in kitchens, gardens, hospitals, schools, sweet shops,

and particularly in wet markets. The electric fly-catching machine is considered the safest way to

capture flies, as it operates without the use of chemicals. According to Verghese (2023), regular

users of liquid-based repellents have reported experiencing various health issues, including

itching in the eyes, respiratory problems, and headaches as part of their routine observations.

Taking the advantages of electricity the automated fly-trap machine covers the harmful effects of

electric fly zapper and fly killer that uses chemicals.

Electric fly killer devices, in contrast, can still pose potential harm. When a fly is

zapped, it explodes, releasing small particles (referred to as blowout) that can be propelled into

the air. These particles have the potential to be inhaled by individuals or settled on clean surfaces

and food, leading to contamination (Jackie, 2018). It simply concludes that some machines and
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devices are still harmful depending on how they work. Therefore, a fly-trap machine is safer as

the flytraps that kill the fly right after it gets captured can cause harm.

As some fly-trap machines only capture flies, it can potentially multiply as the time

goes due to not decomposing it eventually. The common house fly lays eggs that resemble grains

of white rice. Within 24 hours of being laid, maggots emerge from the eggs. These maggots – or

fly larvae – look like tiny, pale white worms (Ponton, 2023). According to (Earle, 2022),

Maggots live for five to eight days then turn into pupa that will transform into adult flies. This

concludes that flies can reproduce rapidly, the machine that stores flies and not killing it

eventually will increase the fly population.

Dehydrating the flies and turning it to powdered form can be used as a component

of concrete. According to Dale (2023), Using fly ash in concrete reduces cracking, permeability,

and bleeding, creating a dense, high-durability concrete that is resistant to sulfates and alkali-

aggregate reactions. Through this initiative, the flies are being repurposed, thereby making a

positive contribution to the environment and benefiting the community.

A study by Hinkle et al. (2021) emphasized the importance of trap design in

attracting and capturing flies effectively. Different baits, colors, and shapes have been tested to

optimize the attractiveness of these devices.). Understanding the sensory preferences of flies has

been crucial in designing devices that exploit these preferences for improved efficacy. Several
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studies have assessed the effectiveness and efficiency of fly-catching devices in real-world

scenarios. Comparisons between traditional fly-catching methods and advanced technological

solutions have also been explored, providing insights into the potential benefits of adopting

newer technologies for better outcomes (Parrotta et al., 2021).

While the primary goal of fly-catching devices is to control pest populations,

researchers have also examined their potential environmental impact. It is essential to assess

whether these devices harm non-target species or disrupt local ecosystems. Studies by Hogsette

et al. (2021) highlighted the importance of using environmentally friendly materials and

sustainable practices in manufacturing fly-catching devices. Researchers are increasingly focused

on developing solutions that minimize negative effects on beneficial insects and wildlife.

Natural control methods have also been explored as a sustainable approach to fly

management. Predatory insects, such as parasitoid wasps, have shown promise in reducing fly

populations. In a study by González et al. (2024), the introduction of parasitoid wasps was found

to effectively control house fly populations in livestock facilities. This eco-friendly approach

holds potential for integrated pest management strategies, minimizing the reliance on chemical

insecticides. Furthermore, researchers have investigated the integration of smart technologies in

fly-catching devices. A study by Rajak et al. (2023) introduced an Internet of Things (IoT)-

enabled fly trap equipped with sensors and a communication system. The smart fly trap could

remotely monitor fly activity and send real-time alerts when trap thresholds were reached. This

innovation demonstrated the potential for data-driven fly control strategies, enabling proactive
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and targeted interventions based on accurate information. Despite the progress in fly-catching

technologies, challenges persist, and continuous improvements are sought. For instance, a study

by Wilson et al. (2021) highlighted the importance of considering the behavioral and

physiological aspects of different fly species when designing trapping devices. Tailoring

solutions to specific fly behaviors can enhance the overall efficacy of trapping mechanisms. In

the context of sustainable agriculture, the impact of fly-catching devices on non-target organisms

has been a subject of concern. A study by Göldel et al. (2020) examined the ecological effects of

fly traps in organic farming systems. The researchers emphasized the need for comprehensive

assessments to ensure that fly control measures do not inadvertently harm beneficial insects or

disrupt ecosystem balance.

Furthermore, the development of eco-friendly and biodegradable materials for fly-

catching devices has been explored. A study by Poulin (2017) investigated the use of sustainable

materials in the production of fly traps, emphasizing the importance of minimizing

environmental impact. The researchers proposed alternatives to traditional plastic-based traps,

incorporating biodegradable components to address concerns related to waste management

Theoretical and Technical Background

Technical Background

Fly infestation poses a significant challenge in various environments, including

residential, commercial, and agricultural settings. Flies, particularly houseflies (Musca

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domestica) and fruit flies (Drosophila spp.), are prolific breeders and carriers of pathogens,

making them vectors for diseases such as salmonellosis, dysentery, and cholera. Factors

contributing to fly infestation include poor sanitation, food waste accumulation, decaying

organic matter, and inadequate pest control measures.

In urban areas, fly infestation is often exacerbated by improper waste management

practices, including uncovered trash bins and open compost piles. Additionally, agricultural

settings may experience fly outbreaks due to the presence of livestock manure, spoiled feed, and

standing water, which provide ideal breeding grounds for flies.

Furthermore, the economic impact of fly infestation can be substantial, leading to

financial losses in the agriculture industry through crop damage and reduced productivity. In

commercial establishments such as restaurants and food processing facilities, fly infestation can

result in health code violations, loss of customers, and damage to reputation. To address this

issue, the researchers are making an automated fly capturing machine with dehydrator and

crusher to decrease the fly infestation in the area.

Theoretical Background

This project is based on four theories: Quantum Mechanics Theory by Niels Bohr and

Max Planck, Biological Control Theory by Nicholas Mills, Integrated Pest

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Management by US EPA, and Food Safety and Quality Assurance Theory by College of

Agricultural Sciences.

The Quantum Mechanics Theory is a theoretical basis of modern physics that explains

the nature and behavior of matter and energy on the atomic and subatomic level.. This introduces

a new way to make fly-catching devices much better. It takes ideas from quantum physics to

improve how traps work. Instead of using regular traps, this theory looks at using connected

particles to make a quick link between traps and flies. This connection helps traps communicate

instantly, making them faster and more precise at catching moving flies. This new way of using

quantum physics challenges the old methods of pest control and brings the possibility of making

good and smart pest control devices. Using quantum entanglement in fly-catching devices could

change how we control pests, making it more effective and better for the environment. As

scientists explore QMT, we might see a big change in how we deal with pests, making things

more precise and efficient.

Additionally, the Biological Control Theory, a fundamental idea in pest management that

promotes using living things or their byproducts to control pest populations in a way that is

sustainable for the environment. The theory suggests that using predators, parasites, or pathogens

—natural enemies of pests—can be a practical and environmentally responsible substitute for

chemical treatments. Biological control aims to preserve a balance between pests and their

natural enemies, preventing pest outbreaks without undue harm to the environment, by

introducing or increasing populations of beneficial organisms. Biological control techniques for

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fly management could include applying microbial agents that specifically target fly populations

or introducing particular predators. This theory emphasizes the use of multiple strategies to

minimize reliance on chemical pesticides, which is in line with the larger goal of integrated pest

management. Because biological control is so successful at controlling pest populations, it is

widely used in forestry, urban pest management, and agriculture, which helps to create

ecosystems that are more resilient and sustainable.

In addition, Integrated Pest Management Theory emphasizes a thorough and long-term

approach to pest management, with an emphasis on the use of fly trapping devices. In the pursuit

of effective pest management, Dr. Entomologia advocates for the synergy of biological, cultural,

and mechanical control methods within the IPM framework. Cultural controls place more

emphasis on methods that alter the environment to discourage pests than biological controls,

which entail the introduction of natural predators or viruses to manage pest populations. Targeted

interventions include the use of fly trap machines and other mechanical controls. There are

various benefits to including fly traps in an IPM approach. By trapping flies, these gadgets serve

as a targeted and eco-friendly alternative to chemical insecticides. The hypothesis lessens

potential risks and supports ecological sustainability by reducing reliance on such substances.

Moreover, Food Safety and Quality Assurance Theory, food processing and storage

facilities, the presence of flies can compromise food safety and quality. The theory proposes that

integrating fly trap machines into these environments can help maintain hygienic conditions and

prevent contamination. This not only ensures compliance with food safety regulations but also
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safeguards the reputation of food-related industries by delivering products that meet high-quality

standards.

Conceptual Paradigm and/or Research Paradigm

Conceptual Paradigm

The Biological Control Theory states that by introducing or increasing populations of

beneficial organisms, biological control aims to maintain a balance between pests and their

natural enemies, preventing pest outbreaks without causing undue harm to the environment.

Introducing specific predators or using microbial agents that target fly populations specifically

are two examples of biological control strategies for managing fly populations. (Heimpel &

Mills., 2017). This theory suggests that using predators, parasites, or pathogens-natural enemies

of pests -can be a practical and environmentally responsible substitute for chemical treatments,

this is also a fundamental idea in pest management that promotes using living things or their

byproducts to control pest populations in a way that is sustainable for the environment.

This theory emphasizes the use of multiple strategies to minimize reliance on chemical

pesticides, which is in line with the larger goal of integrated pest management. Because

biological control is so effective at reducing pest populations, it is frequently used in agriculture,

forestry, and urban pest management, all of which contribute to the creation of more resilient and

sustainable ecosystems.
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Research Paradigm

Figure 1. The Input-Process-Output Model for Automated machine for capturing and processing fly carcasses into

granulated form

The model that will be applied as the paradigm in line with the framework is input-

process-output (IPO). The first graph illustrates the vendors’ perception on the augmented

features of the automated fly trap machine and getting information on their practices in utilizing

a fly trap machine such as frequency, time, and method. After reviewing the perceptions of the

wet market vendors, the second method of this framework includes the data interpretation and

analysis of data through descriptive methods and conducting a face-to-face survey. The final step
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is to conclude from the studied data the feasibility of an automated fly trap machine with a

dehydrator and crusher and its possible features.

Hypotheses

Ha: The use of CassFly significantly improves the efficiency of processing fly carcasses into

granulated form.

Ho: There is no significant improvement in efficiency when using CassFly for processing fly

carcasses.

Definition of Terms

In order to comprehend the meaning behind the terms used in this study, the terms were

defined by the researchers according to their purpose in the study.

Automated Fly Trap. A machine crafted to capture, and process fly carcasses into

granulated form.

Smart Pest Control Devices. Revolutionizing pest control by integrating quantum

entanglement into fly-catching devices, offering enhanced precision, efficiency, and

environmental benefits compared to traditional methods.

Subatomic Particles. Microscopic entities at the quantum level, widely separated but

intricately connected as described by QET, serve as the foundation for innovations in fly-

catching technology.
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Fly-Catching Devices. Essential in pest control for public health and hygiene, these tools

use diverse technologies and environmentally friendly methods to effectively reduce fly

populations, supported by numerous studies.

Fly Infestation. The study investigates the impact of an enhanced fly trap machine on

reducing fly-related issues in the Marilao wet market, where the presence and proliferation of

flies are significant.

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Methodology

This section outlines the steps taken to conduct the research. It includes details about the

research design, respondents, instruments, research procedure, and data analysis procedure that

will be employed in this study. Also, the researchers talk about how they imagine the project will

function and the aspects they plan to include.

Research Design

The researchers have decided to use a descriptive-developmental research design for this

project. Descriptive research captures and analyzes the characteristics of a subject, offering a

detailed understanding for researchers (Singh, 2024). This research approach provides

researchers with a methodical way to thoroughly investigate many aspects of their research,

including product, subject. It enables researchers to gather data by keeping an eye on the subject

and project and by giving participants surveys in advance. It is possible to show the gathered

data quantitatively, which facilitates reader interpretation. The descriptive technique is perfect

for statistical analysis of the data because the objective is to look into consumer ideas, opinions,

and experiences with goods or services. However, Developmental research is an organized

investigation of the development, improvement, and evaluation of instructional programs,

procedures, and products in accordance with consistency and efficiency requirements.

Developmental research is critical in robotics. This research approach will be useful for

gathering important project data, such as device testing via observations and checklists, as well

as user and expert evaluations.

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Respondents of the Study

The participants of the study are the wet food vendors in the chosen market area located

inside Marilao, Bulacan. The researchers utilized various sampling methods to get the number of

respondents in Marilao wet markets. Additionally, purposive sampling technique was used by the

researchers to carefully select respondents who are wet food vendors within the Marilao area.

Furthermore, the cluster sampling was utilized and chose different location of wet markets in

Marilao, which are in: Tibagan Wet Market, Divine Mercy Wet Market, Fortune Market, and

Tabing Ilog Wet Market. After that, the researchers used the method of stratified random

sampling to select a specific number of respondents on the chosen location. The combined

number of vendors indicated in each location is 140. The researchers utilized Slovin’s Formula

to determine the sample size, wherein, resulted 104 Wet Market Vendors. The researchers

wanted to test the machine carefully, so the researchers included different wet market locations

to create a feasible and reliable machine that the vendors will use. Nevertheless, the researchers

encountered difficulties due to limited time, leading to initiating a lower sample size with 10% in

the total of 104 Wet Market Vendors. As a result, the final sample size consists of ten (10) Wet

Market Vendors.
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Instrument of the Study

The studys data collection process primarily involves using surveys as a method.

Participants will receive surveys to actively engage them in sharing insights and information, for

the projects success. By collecting responses through surveys we aim to draw conclusions and

make decisions. This approach deepens our understanding of the topic. Adds knowledge to the

field. Surveys also enable us to gather both quantitative data offering a perspective, on the

research subject. Moreover the survey design will be meticulously planned to ensure that the

questions are clear, relevant and impartial facilitating data gathering and analysis. During the

data collection phase we will strive to increase response rates and minimize biases in order to

guarantee the reliability and validity of our findings.

Research Procedure

The Researchers have prepared procedures on how to make an automated fly trap

machine and improve it into a fly trapper to catch flies and process them into a granulated form.

The automated fly trap machine's perceived improved features, as well as producers' flycatcher

machine utilization practices regarding timing, frequency, and technique. The researchers

constructed the face-to-face survey for academic purposes on 140 vendors in Marilao Market,

allowed them to respond to survey questions, and maintained strict confidentiality before starting

the research study with respondents in Marilao Market and interpretation and analysis of data

analysis through descriptive methods. After conducting a research survey, the researchers started

gathering the materials and building machines. After building the machines the vendors

evaluated the machine and there will be a final testing.

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Data Analysis Procedure

The researchers constructed the questionnaires for academic purposes, allowed them to

respond to survey questions, and maintained strict confidentiality before starting the research

study with randomly selected respondents in Marilao. Through a Google Form or in-person

survey, the questionnaires were distributed to the vendors and nearby residents of Marilao

Market. The data gathered will be examined after responding to the survey questions and ensure

that the accuracy of the data collected is high. The results of the study will be analyzed and

statistically examined.

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

This chapter provides user evaluation, followd with a discussion of the research findings.

Data were analyzed about the use of automated machine for capturing flies.

Findings and Analysis of Data

User Evaluation

During this evaluation phase, proponents shift their focus to appraising the usability of a

device tailored specifically for Wet market vendors. This phase marks the culmination of data

collection efforts, aiming to thoroughly understand user perceptions of the device. Through user

evaluations, proponents gather valuable insights and feedback from representatives of the target
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user group, ensuring the device effectively meets their needs and preferences. The evaluation

process involves presenting users with structured statements that address various usability

aspects including ease of use, efficiency, learnability, satisfaction, and effectiveness. By

collecting data through user evaluations, proponents gain a comprehensive understanding of the

device's performance from the user's standpoint.

Question 1. It can easily perform its designated tasks without errors.

Based on the data collected from the respondents, a clear finding indicates that there are

certain aspects of the Cassfly Machine that might require improvement. This data indicates that

the machine's performance varies, containing both successful and unsuccessful job operation,

which may indicate areas for improvement. By carefully analyzing and interpreting this dataset,

researchers extract priceless knowledge that is essential to improving the depth and performance
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of their devices, highlighting the significance of this method in operating technological

advancement.

Question 2. The Cassfly consistently catches flies when deployed to areas with fly

infestations.

The collected data provides evidence that the CassFly Machine can successfully and

consistently catch flies when deployed to areas with fly infestation. This means that the machine

demonstrates efficacy in its intended function, serving as a potent tool in addressing pest control

challenges. Furthermore, this consistent performance underscores its reliability in various

environmental conditions, showcasing its versatility and adaptability. Such reliability instills

confidence in users, making it a preferred choice for mitigating fly-related issues in diverse

settings, ranging from residential spaces to agricultural fields.

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Question 3. I can effortlessly operate the Cassfly Machine without putting too much effort.

Based on the data collected and feedback from respondents, it has been established that

improvements are necessary for the Cassfly machine. The main issue highlighted by respondents

is the need for maintenance of certain features, particularly the flytrap part, which should be

cleaned regularly to ensure cleanliness and minimize the risk of disease spread. The gathered

data will be utilized by the researcher to enhance the Cassfly machine further, taking the

opportunity to incorporate additional features aimed at addressing vendors' concerns.

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Question 4. The machine can operate safely without causing any risks to humans or pets in

its vicinity.

As the researchers conducted machine testing in each stall, the researchers collected data

regarding its safety. The majority of respondents agreed with the machine's safety, which serves

as a positive indication for the researchers. However, the researchers will remain committed to

ensuring the machine is even safer to use. In contrast, some vendors questioned its safety due to

the regular watering requirements of their products, raising concerns about whether the machine

is water-safe. This question prompted the researchers to brainstorm ideas to make the machine

more vendor-friendly while addressing safety concerns.

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Question 5. It reduces the number of flies in the environment.

From the researcher's collected data, many of the respondents agreed that the machine

effectively reduces the number of flies in the environment. Responses to the vendor evaluation

survey were largely positive when it came to an intervention's capacity to reduce the number of

flies in the surrounding area. This result shows that vendors assess the intervention and believe it

to have a significant effect on reducing fly populations. The agreement reached by the

participants indicates the possible effectiveness of the intervention in resolving a shared

annoyance or cleanliness issue in many different environments.

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Question 6. The machine parts are safely placed.

Based on the data gathered by the researchers, most of the respondents’ responses agreed

that the machine part installation was positioned correctly and safely within the machine’s

components. This signifies positive data, which indicates that the machine is securely positioned

to prevent any potential hazards or accidents. Its attention to safety is widely acknowledged by

vendors, who can operate the machine without fear of harm or injury since it gives them trust in

its reliability and ease of use. Furthermore, positive feedback on the machine's safety features

increases the machine's appeal as well as its effectiveness in dealing with fly infestations in a

variety of environments.
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Question 7. The machine does not overheat as the air circulation components are

positioned properly.

The machine's consistent performance and positive ratings, including several top scores

for excellence and satisfaction, are likely attributed to its well-positioned air circulation

components, preventing overheating issues. This effective air circulation ensures optimal

functioning, enhancing user satisfaction and contributing to the machine's overall reliability and

performance
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Question 8. It utilizes minimal energy consumption.

This aligns perfectly with the machine's core functionality, as it not only ensures optimal

performance but also conserves energy, meeting the growing demand for sustainable technology

solutions. Furthermore, the machine's energy-efficient design synergizes seamlessly with its

properly positioned air circulation components, effectively preventing overheating issues and

ensuring consistent and reliable operation over time. This combination of energy efficiency and

reliable performance enhances the overall appeal of the machine to users, making it a preferred

choice in various settings.

 33

Summary and Conclusions

The results of the inquiry are presented in this portion of the paper and are intended to

either affirm or deny the project's null hypothesis. Furthermore, a deduction is made based onon

these outcomes. The researchers' recommendations are also included in this chapter, and these

might be very helpful in directing future research on this subject.

Summary

The increasing fly infestation is one of the major problems for vendors', resulting in

negative outcomes because of the flies. Fly trapping machines are environmentally friendly and

safe for humans and pets. They are more environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and do not rely on

dangerous chemicals or pesticides. To ensure the creation of a dependable and practical solution

for the effective processing of flies, this project created and produced a fly capture device fitted

with a dehydrator and crusher. The researcher used a quantitative research approach; a

descriptive-development research design enables a methodical way to thoroughly investigate

many aspects of research. The researcher conducted a survey of the Marilao vendors... This

research contributes to the field of vendors who struggle with fly infestation, and the researchers

create an automated machine to capture the fly, add more features like a dehydrator and crusher

for processing fly carcasses, and substitute the plasticizers in the cement.

Findings

The fly-trapping device serves as an environmentally beneficial substitute for chemical

pesticides. Adding a fly trap machine to these environments can aid in preserving sanitary
 34

conditions and preventing contamination. Fly infestations can have a significant negative

economic impact on the agricultural sector, resulting in losses from crop damage and reduced

production, loss of customers, and damage to reputation. Due to the problem of fly infestations,

the researchers create the machine from fly trapping into fly capturing with a dehydrator and

crusher to decrease the fly infestations in the area. The purpose of the dehydrator and crusher is

to crush the dehydrated fly, which can be substituted into plasticizers.

Conclusions

In conclusion, Cassfly: An Automated Machine for Capturing and Processing Fly

Carcasses into Granulated Form brings a game-changing approach to handling pesky fly

remains. Its smooth process, from capturing to granulating, takes the hassle out of cleanup duties,

giving users more time for the things that truly matter. What makes Cassfly shine is its

commitment to safety, ensuring peace of mind even in bustling places like wet markets. With

Cassfly, it's not just about managing pests; it's about offering a simple and effective solution that

makes life easier and keeps our spaces clean and fresh effortlessly.

Recommendations

1. Given the constraints posed by the extension's presence and the unpleasant odor resulting

from crushing flies, it is recommended to incorporate efficient odor control mechanisms into

Cassfly, the automated machine for capturing and processing flies into granulated form. By

integrating advanced filtration systems and odor-neutralizing technologies, Cassfly can mitigate

the unpleasant smell associated with fly processing, ensuring a more pleasant working

environment while maintaining the machine's effectiveness in capturing and granulating flies.

Additionally, implementing regular maintenance protocols for these odor control systems will
 35

sustain their efficacy over time, further enhancing the overall user experience and operational

efficiency of Cassfly.

2. To check the wiring because if it's exposed, there's a chance it could get damaged or affected

by moisture, which might mess up how the machine works.

3. To address this, consider installing noise-dampening materials or locating the machine in an

area where noise won't be a concern, ensuring a quieter operation without compromising its

effectiveness in managing fly carcasses.

4. When fly numbers are low, enhance the machine's effectiveness by adding an attractant. This

ensures consistent performance, keeping spaces fly-free regardless of fluctuating insect

population.
 36

References

A. Books

Alphabetically arranged, hanging indent.

B. Journals

C. Internet Sources

Additional notes

Use APA 7th edition for citations.

In-text referencing:

Include author or authors and year of publication.

Use round brackets.

Example: (Smith & Bruce, 2018)

If you quote directly from an author you need to include the page or paragraph number of the

quote in your in-text reference.

Include author or authors, year of publication and page or paragraph number of your quote.
 37

Use round brackets.

Example: (Smith & Bruce, 2018, pp. 25-26)

A basic reference list entry for a book from a library database in APA must include:

• Author or authors. The surname is followed by first initials.

• Year of publication of the book (in round brackets).

• Book title (in italics).

• Edition (in round brackets), if other than first edition.

• Publisher.

• DOI (where a book has a DOI this must be included, even if you are referring to a print

book).

• The first line of each citation is left adjusted. Every subsequent line is indented 5-7 spaces.

Example: Arnott, G. D. (2017). The disability support worker (2nd ed.). C-engage Learning.

For more information on referencing style using APA 7th edition, you may access the following

sites:

https://libraryguides.vu.edu.au/apa-referencing/7GettingStarted#:~:text=off%20the

%20captions.-,In%2Dtext%20referencing,Use%20round%20brackets

https://columbiacollege-ca.libguides.com/apa/websites
 38

APPENDICES

A. Ghant Chart (Capstone, III)

B. Initial Survey or Questionnaire

C. Data Analysis of Initial Survey

D. Material Costing

E. Pictures

F. Pretest and Posttest of Laboratory Results

G. User’s Evaluation

H. Product Manual

I. Curriculum Vitae