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Hydrology Pyq End Sem 2023

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23 views2 pages

Hydrology Pyq End Sem 2023

Uploaded by

tenzinlhamo.199
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Department of Civil Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP)


Semester Examination
CE — 222 Water Resource Engineering — I
Maximum Marks: 50 Time Allowed: Three Hours

Note: 1. Attempt all questions


2. Answers should be brief and specific
Q. No. 1: Explain the hydrological cycle in nature with the help of a neat sketch, indicating its various phases.
What is the function of hydrology in water resources development? What are the basic hydrological
requirements for a river basin development? (4, 3, 3))

Q. No. 2: For the basin shown in the figure below, the normal annual rainfall depths recorded, and the isohyets
are given. The total area of the basin is 7180 Kin', where isohyetal/zonal areas for Zone I, II, III, IV, V and VI
• are 410, 900, 2850, 1750, 720 and 550 Km' respectively. Determine the optimum number of raingauge stations
to be established in the basin if it is desired to limit the error in the mean value of rainfall to 8%. Indicate how
you are going to distribute the additional rain-gauge stations required, if any. What is the percentage accuracy of
the existing network in the estimation of average depth of rainfall over the basin? (4, 4, 2)

Basin boundary

4-- Isohyetals

Q. No. 3: (a) The average rainfall over 45 ha of watershed for a particular storm was as follows:

Time (Hours) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Rainfall (cm) 0 0.5 1.0 3.25 2.5 1.5 0.5 0

The volume of runoff from this storm was determined as 2.5 ha-m. Establish the 1 index. (5)

(b) What are the factors that influence the process of evaporation? Why is it needed to reduce evaporation from
the lakes and reservoirs? Briefly enumerate the methods to reduce evaporation. (2, 1, 2)
Q. No. 4: The 3-hr unit hydrograph ordinates for a basin are given below. There was a storm, which commenced
on July 15th at 16:00 Hours and continued up to 22:00 Hours, which was followed by another storm on July 16th
at 4:00 Hour which lasted up to 7:00 Hour. It was noted from the mass curves of the self-recording raingauge
that the amount of rainfall on July 15th was 5.75 cm from 16:00 to 19:00 Hours and 3.75 from 19:00 to 22:00
Hours, and on July 16, 4.45 cm from 4:00 to 7:00 Hour. Assuming an average loss of 0.25 cm/hour and 0.15
cm/hour for two storms, respectively, and a constant base flow of 10 cumec, determine the stream -flow
hydrograph and state the time of occurrence of peak flood. (10)
Time (Hours) 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27
3-h UH Ordinates 0 1.5 4.5 8.6 12.0 9.4 4.6 2.3 0.8 0
(m3/s)

OR
The following are ordinates of 4-hour unit hydrograph for a particular basin. Determine the ordinates of 2-hour
unit hydrograph. The area of the basin is 630 Km2 . (10)
Time (Hours) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 ill
Ordinates of 4-h 0 25 100 160 190 170 110 70 30 20 6 1.5 0
UH (m3/s)

Q. No. 5: The following are the ordinates of the 9-hour unit hydrograph for the catchment of river Beas upto
Pandoh dam site:

Time (Hours) 0 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90
Discharge (m3/s) 0 69 1000 210 118 74 46 26 13 4 0

And the catchment characteristics are


A = 4480 Km2, L = 318 Km, Lea = 198 Km

Derive a 3-hour unit hydrograph for the catchment area of river Beas up to the head of Pandoh Darn reservoir
given the catchment characteristics as:
A = 3780 Km2, L = 284 Km, L. = 184 Km
Use Snyder's approach with necessary modifications for the shape of the hydrograph. (10) •

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