4.
2 The four commandments of APA teachers
1. Thou shalt cite sources diligently:
APA style emphasizes the importance of giving credit to the original
authors of ideas, concepts, and information used in academic writing. Proper
citation not only acknowledges the contributions of others but also helps
readers locate the sources for further exploration.
2. Thou shalt format thy paper meticulously:
APA style guidelines for academic papers include margins, font size,
spacing, headings, and page numbering, ensuring clear, organized structures
for better readability and comprehension.
3. Thou shalt use in-text citations judiciously:
In-text citations are essential in APA style to indicate when information
from a source is being used within the text of a paper. These citations typically
include the author's last name and the year of publication, allowing readers to
easily locate the corresponding entry in the reference list at the end of the
paper.
4. Thou shalt compile thy references meticulously:
The reference list is a crucial part of APA style, providing detailed
information about sources cited in a paper, including author names,
publication dates, titles, and retrieval information, ensuring academic integrity
and credibility.
4.3 Instructional Strategies for Teaching Students with
Disabilities
1. Offer Extended Time and Flexible Scheduling
Provide students with disabilities with extended time on assignments,
assessments, or tasks as needed to accommodate their individual learning
pace or processing speed. Offer flexibility in scheduling to allow for breaks or
rest periods as needed.
2. Differentiated Instruction
Modify teaching methods, materials, and assessments to accommodate
diverse learning needs. Offer multiple ways for students to demonstrate their
understanding of the material.
3. Flexible seating arrangements
It involve providing students with options for where and how they sit in the
classroom. This can include different types of seating such as bean bags,
standing desks, floor mats, or traditional chairs. The aim is to accommodate
diverse learning needs and preferences, including those of students with
disabilities, by allowing them to choose a seating option that best supports
their focus, comfort, and engagement during learning activities.
4. Peer Modeling
Encourage peer modeling by having students with disabilities observe
their peers demonstrating desired behaviors, skills, or strategies. Peer
modeling can be particularly effective for teaching social skills, communication
skills, and problem-solving strategies.
5. Audio recordings
In adapted physical education are like having a coach in your ear, telling
you what to do during exercises and keeping you pumped up with cool music
or encouraging words. They help everyone, especially students who might
find it hard to follow instructions just by listening or watching.
6. Visual aids
In adapted physical education are like pictures or drawings that show you
how to do exercises or use equipment. They make it easier for everyone,
especially students with disabilities, to understand what to do and how to do it
safely.
4.4 Creating a Safe Environment for Students with Disabilities
Understanding Disabilities
Disabilities refer to physical, cognitive, sensory, or developmental
impairments.
Disabilities encompass a wide range of conditions, each with unique
needs.
Recognizing and addressing the specific needs of each student.”
Barriers to Safety
“Physical Barriers: Obstacles that hinder access, such as stairs without
ramps.”
“Lack of Accessibility: Inadequate facilities or resources for disabled
students.”
“Discrimination: Prejudice and exclusion based on disability.”
“Bullying: Harassment and abuse directed towards students with
disabilities.”
Strategies for Safety
“Physical Safety Measures”
“Accessible Facilities: Ensure ramps, elevators, and accessible
restrooms.”
“Clear Pathways: Maintain unobstructed routes for mobility devices.”
“Emergency Plans: Develop plans tailored to the needs of disabled
students.”
“Emotional and Social Safety”
“Respectful Environment: Foster a culture of inclusion and
acceptance.”
‘’Training and Support: Provide staff with training on disability
awareness and support services.”
“Collaboration”
“Importance of Teamwork: Collaborate among educators, parents, and
support staff.’’
“Training and Development”
“Ongoing Training: Provide staff with regular training on disability rights
and accommodations.”
“Promoting Inclusivity: Foster an inclusive environment through
ongoing professional development.”
Legal Framework
1. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): This federal law
ensures that students with disabilities receive a free and appropriate public
education (FAPE) in the least restrictive environment. It requires schools to
provide accommodations, modifications, and support services to meet the
unique needs of students with disabilities.
2. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act: This law prohibits discrimination
against individuals with disabilities in programs and activities that receive
federal funding. It requires schools to provide reasonable accommodations
and ensure equal access to education for students with disabilities.
3. Batas Pambansa Bilang 344, also known as the Accessibility Law, is
an act in the Philippines that aims to enhance the mobility of disabled persons
by requiring certain buildings, institutions, establishments, and public utilities
to install facilities and other devices to make them accessible and usable by
disabled individuals.
Conclusion
Ensuring a safe environment for students with disabilities requires
understanding, collaboration, and ongoing effort.
