−7

29. Two equal and opposite charges of magnitude 1.88 x 10 C are held 15.2
cm apart. (a) What is the magnitude and direction of E at a point midway
between the charges? (b) What force (magnitude and direction) would act on
an electron placed there?

a) At a point midway between the charges, the fields are equal and point in the
same direction, due to the fact that they have opposite charges. If they had
the same charges, the fields would cancel out. Thus the total field is given by:
1 𝑞
E = 2E1 ​= 2 x
4πϵ 𝑑2

Now we will insert the values to obtain the result:

−7
−9 2 −2 1.88 𝑥 10
E=2 x 8.99 ×10 N𝑚 𝐶 −2 2
(15.2 𝑥 10 )
Calculating we get:
E=146305 N/C ​

b) The magnitude of the force acting on the electron is given by:

−19
F= eE =1.6×10 C x 146305 N/C
Calculating gives:
−14
F=2.34×10 N​

The direction of the electrostatic field points (at the midpoint) in the direction
pointing from the positive charge to the negative charge along the line
connecting the two charges. For the electron, this is the opposite. Thus, the
force points from the negative charge to the positive charge.

Result:
a) E=146305 N/C ​
−14
b) F=2.34×10 N​

30. A uniform electric field exists in a region between two oppositely

charged plates. An electron is released from rest at the surface of the
negatively charged plate and strikes the surface of the opposite plate,
1.95 cm away, 14.7 ns later. (a) What is the speed of the electron as it
strikes the second plate? (b) What 1s the magnitude of the electric
field’?

a) To find the speed of the electron when it strikes the second plate, we
can use the kinematic formulas:
v=at
 2
2 𝑉
𝑉 = 2as ⟹ a = 2𝑠

Now we insert the expression for the acceleration into the first
equation:

/
2
𝑉 −1 −1
V= 2𝑠
t 2s𝑡 𝑣
2𝑠
v=
𝑡
To obtain the velocity, we need to insert the given values:
2
2 𝑥 1.95 𝑥 10 𝑚 6
v= −9 = 2. 65 𝑥 10 𝑚/𝑠
1.47 𝑥 10 𝑠

b) To find the magnitude of the electric field, we first need to know the
force acting on the electron. To obtain the force, we need to calculate
the acceleration. This can be expressed as:
𝑚𝑎
E= q / F ​=
𝑞
We know the connection between velocity, time, and acceleration from
the first relation. Thus we insert it:
𝑚𝑣
E=
𝑞𝑡
We now insert the values for electron mass, charge, final velocity, and
the time that took for the electron to hit the plate.
−31 6
9.11 𝑥 10 𝑘𝑔 𝑥 2.65 𝑥 10 𝑚/𝑠
E= −19 −9 = 1026.42 N/C
1.6 𝑥 10 𝐶 𝑥 14.7 𝑥 10 𝑠

Result:
6
a) 2. 65 𝑥 10 𝑚/𝑠
b) 1026.42 N/C

31. In Millikan’s experiment, a drop of radius 1.64 ym and

3
density 0.851 g/c𝑚 is balanced when an electric field of 1.92
5
x 10 N/C is applied. Find the charge on the drop, in terms of
e.

An oil drop in Millikan's experiment, with radius of r=1.64 μm, the

−1
density of oil is ρ=0.851 g⋅𝑚 , if the electric field is E=1.92×10 5 N⋅
 −1
𝐶 , we need to find the charge on the drop, such that the drop is
suspended.

If the drop is suspended, in the air. The force on the drop must equal
zero, therefore the electric force equal the gravitational force:
𝐹𝐸 ​= 𝐹𝐺​
the gravitational force is given by, ​ 𝐹 ​= mg and the electric force is
𝐺
given by 𝐹 ​= qE, substitute we get:
𝐸
-qE= mg
but the mass is the density multiplied by the volume of the drop
4 3
m= 3
ρπ𝑟 , so we have:
4 3
-qE= 3 ρπ𝑟
4 3
-q= 3𝐸 ρπ𝑟
substitute with the given values (note that the density in gram so
3
multiply it by 10 , we get:
−4 3 2 −6 3
q=
−1
(851 𝑘𝑔/𝑚 ) (9. 81 𝑚/ 𝑠 ) π (1. 64 𝑥 10 𝑚 )
3(1.92 𝑥 10 𝑁 𝐶
4π 3 2 −18 3
q= −1
(851 𝑘𝑔/𝑚 ) (9. 81 𝑚/ 𝑠 )(4.41094 x 10 𝑚)
57600 𝑁 𝐶
−14
4π (3.68239 𝑥 10 𝑁)
q= −1
57600 𝑁 𝐶
−13
4.62743 𝑥 10 𝑁
q= −1
57600 𝑁 𝐶
−19
q = -8.03373 x 10 𝐶
Now, we have to find the charge on the drop:
−19
−8.03373 𝑥 10 𝐶
𝑞/e = −19
1.6 𝑥 10 𝐶
q = −5.021​
32. Two point charges of magnitudes 𝑞1 = 2.16 μC and 𝑞2 = 85.3 nC are 11.7 cm
apart. (a) Find the magnitude of the electric field that each produces at the site
of the other. (b) Find the magnitude of the force on each charge.

−9
Given ⇒ 𝑄1 ​=2.16μC; 𝑄2 ​=85.3nC= 85.3 × 10 C
Distance between the charges (r)=11.7cm=0.117m

Electric field due to each charge is given by:

𝐹
𝐸1 = 𝑄2

1 𝑄1 𝑄2 1
= 4πϵ 2 𝑄2
𝑟
𝑄1
= 2
4πϵ𝑟
−6
9 2.16 𝑥 10
= 9 x 10 2
0.117
4
= 142 x 10 𝑁/𝐶
Similarly,

𝐹
𝐸2 = 𝑄1

1 𝑄1 𝑄2 1
= 4πϵ 2 𝑄1
𝑟
𝑄2
= 2
4πϵ𝑟
−9
9 85.3 𝑥 10
= 9 x 10 2
0.117
3
= 56 x 10 𝑁/𝐶

4
Therefore, Electric field due to each charge are 142 x 10 𝑁/𝐶 and 56 x
3
10 𝑁/𝐶.
Electrostatic Force is given by,
𝑄1 𝑄2
F= 2
4πϵ𝑟

Substituting values:
4 3
9 142 𝑥 10 𝑁/𝐶 𝑥 56 𝑥 10 𝑁/𝐶
F = 9 x 10 2
0.117
= 0.121N

Therefore,the Electrostatic Force is equal to 0.121N.