DEPARTMENT OF NAVAL ARCHITECTURE AND MARINE ENGINEERING

A.Y. 2021 – 2022, Second Semester

COURSE CODE: ES 102

Engineering Drawing and Plans
Module 1
INTRODUCTION
Hello Archineers! Welcome to our first module for the course Engineering Drawing and
COURSE MODULE

Plans. In this module, you will be introduced to the importance of the study on
Engineering Drawing and Plans. We will be discussing the common materials which will
be used and the fundamentals of Engineering Drawing. We will encounter the parts of a
drawing and we’ll touch on its basics – the lines.

Intended Learning Outcome/s

At the end of this Module, you will be able to:

• List at least seven drawing materials and state its use/importance in Engineering
Drawing.
• Cite the six basic components of a Title Block.
• Distinguish the difference between two chosen types of lines and relate some of
its use in an Engineering Drawing.

STARTING ACTIVITY
You are an aspiring Naval Architect. You have reached this far, thus we all can
say that you have enough imagination and creativity in you. Look at the sample
sketch below and try to examine it.

o What are your observations?

o Let say this drawing was done manually, what could be the
possible items used to make this drawing?
 YOUR THOUGHTS MATTER!
Try to answer the questions above in a clean sheet of paper. You may
write as many ideas as possible. After which, take a snip of your paper
and upload it through this link: https://bit.ly/Mod1-Start
Due Date:02/18/2022
FILE NAME FORMAT: LASTNAME_Mod1_Start

Topic 1 – Why study Engineering Drawing and Plans?

COURSE MODULE

For many years, drawing has been the principal means of depicting thoughts and
ideas. As the years pass, drawing has gradually freed itself from its early usage and
claimed its spot in the setting of ideas for both artists and engineering designers.

Engineering drawing and design must be known by both PROJECT DESIGNERS and
PROJECT SUPERVISORS. Project designers should at least be capable of preparing and
understanding well executed freehand sketches and should have a working
knowledge of the forms of graphical expression for him to comprehend actual
drawings from the production field. Likewise, Project supervisors must also possess
equal competence as they may be expected to solve some of the design problems
that may arise in the field. They are also the ones responsible for preparing design
layouts, detailed drawings, and assembly drawings necessary for production in
fabrication shops.

ENGINEERING DRAWING MUST BE KNOWN BY:

Project Designers Project Supervisors

involves in design conceptualization involves in project monitoring and
and fabrication drawings the administration of the project
in accordance to drawing

Even though the focus of the designer may be said to be centered on the design and
development, he must also have to have a complete working knowledge in
communication drawing. These communication drawings should be prepared in
accordance with the basic principles underlying working drawings.

For a full and complete exchange of ideas, the engineering technologist must be
proficient in the THREE MEANS OF COMMUNICATION that are at his disposal:

ENGLISH

SYMBOLS

ENGINEERING DRAWING
 THESE MIGHT HELP!
Additional Reading:
• Engineering Drawing for Beginners, Md. Roknuzzaman
https://bit.ly/References-EDP

Supplementary Video:
• What is Material Science and Engineering?
https://bit.ly/SUPPLEMENT-Mod1

REFRESH YOURSELF!
COURSE MODULE

Do the task below in a clean sheet of A4 paper (Follow our format).

After which, take a snip of your paper or have it in pdf form and
upload it through this link: https://bit.ly/EDPMod1-Refresh1

1. Use whatever materials available to you and choose a vessel.

Sketch your chosen vessel to the best of your ability.
a. Drawing No.: M-0001
b. Drawing Title: M/V M0001

Due Date: 02/21/2022

FILE NAME FORMAT: LASTNAME_Mod1_Refresh1

Topic 2 – Drawing Instruments and Aids

In order for an Engineering drawing to have accuracy, drawing instruments and
other materials are needed to be used. Listed below are some of the common
drawing materials used by engineering technologists.

PROTRACTOR
used for measuring and laying off angles

FLEXIBLE CURVES
is a lead bar enclosed in rubber; it has a steel ruling edge used as a guide in drawing
irregular lines.

PAPER
flat material on which pencil drawings can be made

TRACING PAPER
white lightweight paper having low opacity, allowing light to pass through it. This
is developed to allow engineers and architects to create drawings which can be
reproduced.

PENCIL
a drawing material usually made of lead used to create initial drawings.
- FINISHED LINES - should be made boldly and distinctly
- GUIDELINES - should be made very light; these lines are often called
invisible lines
 TAPES/THUMBTACKS
materials used to fasten down the corners of the drawing. These materials are
used for ease and accuracy of manipulating T-square.

T-SQUARE
used primarily for guides/horizontal lines. This material is manipulated by sliding
the guiding edge of the head along the left edge of the table until the blade is in
the required position.

TRIANGLES
this material is used to draw vertical and inclined lines. 45° x 45° and 30° x 30°
COURSE MODULE

SCALES (Triangular Ruler)

used to have an accurate scale measurement
*English Scale: Inches and Feet
*Metric Scale: mm and cm

COMPASS
this instrument is used to draw circles and arcs
*Circles should be drawn in a CLOCKWISE direction.
*Instrument should be inclined slightly forward

FRENCH CURVES
used to draw irregular curves

ERASER
used when an erasure needs to be made in the drawing.

ERASING SHEILD
used to protect parts of the drawing that are not intended to be erased

RULING PENS
used to ink mechanical lines. This material is always used with an aid of a T-square,
triangle, or French curve and should never be used freehand.

There you have it Archineers! Those are some of the basic drawing materials. I
know it is a bit overwhelming, but I hope you have learned something out of it. Do
you want to learn more?

SHADE THE CIRCLE THAT CORRESPONDS TO

YOUR ANSWER

THESE MIGHT HELP!

Additional Reading:
• Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

• Engineering Drawing for Beginners, Md. Roknuzzaman

https://bit.ly/References-EDP
 REFRESH YOURSELF!
Do what is asked below in a clean sheet of paper or in MSword. After
which, take a snip of your paper or have it in pdf form and upload it
through this link: https://bit.ly/EDPMod1-Refresh2

Let us go back to our STARTING ACTIVITY. Remember the items

you’ve listed used for the drawing? Distinguish what specific
drawing material does each item refer to base on the drawing
materials discussed above.
COURSE MODULE

Due Date: 02/21/2022

FILE NAME FORMAT: LASTNAME_Mod1_Refresh2

Topic 3 – The Drawing Sheet and its parts.

Engineering drawings are prepared on standard size drawing sheets. The correct
shape and size of the object can be visualized from the understanding of not only its
views but also from the various types of lines used, dimensions, notes, scale etc. For
uniformity, the drawings must be drawn as per certain standard practice. This
chapter deals with the drawing practices as are adapted from the International
Standards Organization (ISO).

The standard drawing sheet sizes are derived from the basic principle of:

x: y = 1 : √2

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

 Stated above are some of the standard drawing sheet sizes commonly used in
Naval Architecture. Wait a minute, did you know that a Naval Architectural drawing
sheet has its own components? Yes! Is has four (4) basic components, and these
are given below.

SHIP
BORDER/MARGIN
PARTICULARS

DRAWING
SHEET
COURSE MODULE

DRAWING SPACE TITLE BLOCK

All drawing sheets must contain this information. Given below are additional
important notes on the components of a drawing sheet.

1. Border/ Margin
a. Minimum Border width for A0 and A1 is 20mm
b.Minimum Border width for A2, A3, and A4 is 10mm

2. Ship particulars
a. LOA
b.LBP
c. Breadth moulded
d.Depth
e. Draft

3. Drawing space

4. Title block
The title block should lie within the drawing space at the bottom right-hand
comer of the sheet. The title block can have a maximum length of 170 mm
providing the following information.

1. Title of the drawing.

2. Drawing number.
3. Scale.
4. Name of vessel and client.
5. Name of the firm/company.
6. Initials of staff who have designed, checked and approved.

Topic 3 – Lines

The accuracy, clarity, and definition of the object in a drawing can be visualized by
the various types of lines. In this section, you will be introduced to the different
types of lines widely used in drawings as well as their functions and importance.
The discussion that will follow will help you understand each one of them.
 • VISIBLE LINES
- A visible line, or object line is a thick continuous line, used to outline
the visible edges or contours of an object.

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

COURSE MODULE

• HIDDEN LINES
- also known as a hidden object line. Hidden lines are made of short
dashes about 1/8” long with 1/16” gaps, to show edges, surfaces and
corners which cannot be seen.

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

• SECTION LINES
- Section lines are used to show the cut surfaces of an object in section
views. They are fine, dark lines. Various types of section lines may
indicate the type of material cut by the cutting plane line.

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

• CENTER LINES
- Center lines are used to indicate the centers of holes, arcs, and
symmetrical objects. They are very thin (size), long-short-long kinds of
lines.

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

 • DIMENSION LINES/EXTENSION LINES AND LEADERS
- Dimension lines are thin and are used to show the actual size of an
object. There are arrowheads at both end that terminate at the
extension lines.
COURSE MODULE

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

- Extension lines are also thin lines, showing the limits of dimensions.
Dimension line arrowheads touch extension lines.

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

- Leaders are more thin lines used to point to an area of a drawing

requiring a note for explanation. They are preferably drawn at a
45°angles.

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

• CUTTING/VIEWING PLANE LINES

- A cutting plane line (very heavy) helps to show the internal shape at
a part or assembly by slicing through the object.

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

 • SHORT BREAK LINES AND LONG BREAK LINES
- There are three kinds of break lines used in drawings. They are used
to remove, or ‘break out” part of a drawing for clarity, and also to
shorten objects which have the same shape throughout their length
and may be too long to place on the drawing.
COURSE MODULE

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

• PHANTOM LINES
- Phantom lines are long-short-short-long lines most often used to
show the travel or movement of an object or a part in alternate
positions. It can also be used to show adjacent objects or features.

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

SUMMARRY:

Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

 THESE MIGHT HELP!
Additional Reading:
• Textbook of Engineering Drawing, K. Venkata Reddy, 2008

• Engineering Drawing for Beginners, Md. Roknuzzaman

https://bit.ly/References-EDP

REFRESH YOURSELF!
COURSE MODULE

Do the task below in a clean sheet of A4 paper (Follow our format).

After which, take a snip of your paper or have it in pdf form and
upload it through this link: https://bit.ly/EDPMod1-Refresh3

1. Make a freehand drawing of the types of lines in three (3) set

of 3-inches length.

Due Date: 02/21/2022

FILE NAME FORMAT: LASTNAME_Mod1_Refresh3

 Don’t leave just yet. Before you go, make sure to submit all of the things listed on
the checklist below.

SELF CHECK!
Have I uploaded all of these?

LASTNAME_Mod1_Start - DUE DATE: 02/18/2022

LASTNAME_Mod1_Refresh1 - DUE DATE: 02/21/2022

COURSE MODULE

LASTNAME_Mod1Refresh2 - DUE DATE: 02/21/2022

LASTNAME_Mod1Refresh3 - DUE DATE: 02/21/2022

If you have come this far, pat yourself on the

shoulder and say congratulations for you have done
a great job. See you again next week!
#DasigNAME

Reference/s
Engineering Drawing
http://www.geocities.ws/ivemh_skchan/CAD/2.10free_hand.pdf