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låtLo kq (Paper II) : Technical Subject
Section A- 25 %
1. Computer Networks
1.1 Protocol stack, switching
1.2 Link Layer: services, error detection and correction, multiple access protocols,
LAN addressing and ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), Ethernet,
CSMA/CD multiple access protocol, Hubs, Bridges, and Switches, Wireless
LANs, PPP (Point to Point Protocol), Wide area protocols
1.3 Network Layer :services, datagram and virtual circuits, routing principles and
algorithms, Internet Protocol (IP), IP addressing, IP transport, fragmentation
and assembly, ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), routing on the
internet, RIP (Routing Information Protocol), OSPF (Open Shortest Path
First), router internals, IPv6)
1.4 Transport Layer: principles, multiplexing and demultiplexing, UDP, TCP,
flow control, principles of congestion control, TCP congestion control
1.5 Application Layer : Web and Web caching, FTP (File Transfer Protocol),
Electronic mail, DNS (Domain Name Service), socket programming)
1.6 Distributed system, Clusters

2. Computer Architecture & organization and micro-processors

2.1 Basic Structures : sequential circuits, design procedure, state table and state
diagram, von Neumann / Harvard architecture, RISC/CISC architecture
2.2 Addressing Methods and Programs, representation of data, arithmetic
operations, basic operational concepts, bus structures, instruction, cycle and
excitation cycle.
2.3 Processing Unit: instruction formats, arithmetic and logical instruction.
2.4 addressing modes
2.5 Input Output Organization : I/O programming , memory mapped I/O, basic
interrupt system, DMA
2.6 Arithmetic
2.7 Memory Systems
2.8 808X and Intel microprocessors: programming and interfacing

3. Digital Design
3.1 Digital and Analog Systems. Number Systems.
3.2 Logic Elements
3.3 Combinational Logic Circuits
3.4 Sequential Logic
3.5 Arithmetic Circuits
3.6 MSI Logic circuits
3.7 Counters and Registers
3.8 IC logic families
3.9 Interfacing with Analog Devices
3.10 Memory Devices

4. Basic Electrical & Electronics

4.1 Electrical
4.1.1 Basic Circuit Theory
4.1.2 AC circuit Fundamentals

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4.1.3 Magnetic circuits and Transformers
4.1.4 Transient Analysis, Filters
4.2 Electronics
4.2.1 Semiconductors, Diodes and Diode Circuits, Transistors,
4.2.2 Transistor modeling
4.2.3 Biasing and Amplification
4.2.4 Small Signal amplifiers and frequency response
4.2.5 Large signal amplifiers, feedback amplifiers and Oscillators
4.2.6 Operational amplifiers

5. Principles of Electronic Communications

5.1 Block Diagram of analog/ digital communication system
5.2 Analog and Digital modulation techniques
5.3 Fundamentals of Error Detection and Correction
5.4 Performance evaluation of analog and digital communication systems: SNR
and BER
Section B- 25 %
6. Structured and object oriented programming
6.1 Data types, ADT
6.2 Operators, variables and assignments, control structures
6.3 Procedure/function
6.4 Class definitions, encapsulation, inheritance, object composition,
polymorphism
6.5 Pattern and framework

7. Data structures
7.1 General concepts : Abstract data Type, Time and space analysis of algorithms,
Big oh and theta notations, Average, best and worst case analysis
7.2 Linear data structures
7.3 Trees: General and binary trees, Representations and traversals, Binary search
trees, balancing trees, AVL trees, 2-3 trees, red-black trees, self-adjusting
trees, Splay Trees
7.4 Algorithm design techniques: Greedy methods, Priority queue search,
Exhaustive search, Divide and conquer, Dynamic programming, Recursion
7.5 Hashing
7.6 Graphs and digraphs
7.7 Sorting

8. Software Engineering principles (System analysis & design)

8.1 Software process: The software lifecycle models, risk-driven approaches
8.2 Software Project management: Relationship to lifecycle, project planning,
project control, project organization, risk management, cost models,
configuration management, version control, quality assurance, metrics
8.3 Software requirements: Requirements analysis, requirements solicitation,
analysis tools, requirements definition, requirements specification, static and
dynamic specifications, requirements review.
8.4 Software design: Design for reuse, design for change, design notations, design
evaluation and validation

2
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8.5 Implementation: Programming standards and procedures, modularity, data
abstraction, static analysis, unit testing, integration testing, regression testing,
tools for testing, fault tolerance
8.6 Maintenance: The maintenance problem, the nature of maintenance, planning
for maintenance
8.7 SE issues: Formal methods, tools and environments for software engineering,
role of programming paradigm, process maturity and Improvement, ISO
standards, SEI-CMM, CASE tools

9. Database Management System

9.1 Introduction : The relational model, ER model , SQL, Functional dependency
and relational database design, File structure
9.2 Transaction Management and Concurrency Control: Concurrent execution of
the user programs, transactions, Concurrency control techniques
9.3 Crash Recovery : types of failure, Recovery techniques
9.4 Query Processing and Optimization
9.5 Indexing : Hash based indexing, Tree based indexing
9.6 Distributed Database Systems and Object oriented database system
9.7 Data Mining and Data Warehousing
9.8 Security Management System

10. Operating System

10.1 Processes and Threads: Symmetric Multiprocessing, Micro-kernels,
Concurrency, Mutual Exclusion and Synchronization, Deadlock
10.2 Scheduling
10.3 Memory Management
10.4 Input Output and Files: I/O devices and its organization, Principles of I/O
software and hardware, Disks, Files and directories organization, File System
Implementation
10.5 Distributed Systems: Distributed Message passing, RPC, Client/Server
Computing, Clusters
10.6 Security : Authentication and Access Authorization, System Flaws and
Attacks, Trusted system
Section C- 20 %
11. Artificial Intelligence
11.1 Search
11.2 Natural Language Processing
11.3 Game Playing
11.4 Learning
11.5 Automated reasoning
11.6 Planning
11.7 Vision and Robotics

12. Theory of Computation

12.1 BNF, Languages, grammars
12.2 DFA and NDFA, regular expressions, regular grammars
12.3 Closure, homomorphism
12.4 Pigeonhole principle, pumping lemma
12.5 CFGs, Parsing and ambiguity, Pushdown automata, NPDAs & CFGs
12.6 Pumping lemma

3
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12.7 Turing machines
12.8 Recursively enumerable languages Unrestricted grammars
12.9 The Chomsky hierarchy, Undecidable problems, Church's Thesis
12.10 Complexity Theory, P and NP

13. Compiler design

13.1 The Structure of a Compiler
13.2 Lexical Analyzer
13.3 Top down Parsing/ Bottom up Parsing
13.4 Syntax Directed Translation
13.5 Types and Type Checking
13.6 Run-Time Storage Administration
13.7 Intermediate Code generation
13.8 Data-Flow Analysis and Code Optimizations
13.9 Architecture and recent development on compilers

14. Computer Graphics

14.1 Graphics concepts
14.2 Input devices and techniques
14.3 Basic raster graphics algorithms and primitives
14.4 Scan conversion
14.5 Graphics hardware
14.6 2D geometrical transformations and viewing
14.7 3D geometry and viewing
14.8 Hierarchical modeling
14.9 Projections
14.10 Hidden surface removal
14.11 Shading and rendering

15. Emerging Technology and Electives

15.1 Modeling and simulation
15.2 Parallel and distributed computing
15.3 High speed networks
15.4 Artificial Neural Network and Computer Vision
15.5 Adaptive web technology
15.6 Software Architecture
15.7 Distributed Object technology ( ORB, DCOM)
15.8 Speech signal processing
15.9 Cryptography and network security
15.10 E-commerce
15.11 Software project management
15.12 Embedded systems
15.13 Image processing
15.14 Multimedia
15.15 Expert system
15.16 GIS/ Remote sensing/ GPS

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Section D- 30 %

16. This section consists of 2 (two) sub-sections i.e. Technical Writing and Case study.
16.1 Technical Writing (1 question Carrying 10 marks)
This section may ask the examinee to write technical proposal on given
specification, essay, views/critics etc. The topic must be related to computer
technology or the matter related therewith and examinee should be encouraged
to put his/her own views and reasoning rather than facts/information.

16.2 Case Study (1 question Carrying 20 marks)

This section is dedicated to the analysis and design of a software system.
Examinee should be given a scenario of existing system and asked to analyze
and design it following one particular paradigm. This section should include
the various domain of knowledge in one platform (for e.g. A case study may
incorporate questions from Software Engineering and Database management
and Operating system domains).

5
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