LumosLearning.
com 1
Table of Contents
Introduction 1
Chapter 1 Ratios & Proportional Relationships 4
Lesson 1 [Link].A.1 Expressing Ratios 4
Lesson 2 [Link].A.2 Unit Rates 8
Lesson 3 [Link].A.3 Solving Real World Ratio Problems 11
Lesson 4 [Link].A.3.B Solving Unit Rate Problems 14
Lesson 5 [Link].A.3.C Finding Percent 17
Lesson 6 [Link].A.3.D Measurement Conversion 20
Answer Key & Detailed Explanations 23
Chapter 2 The Number System 35
Lesson 1 [Link].A.1 Division of Fractions 35
Lesson 2 [Link].B.2 Division of Whole Numbers 39
Lesson 3 [Link].B.3 Operations with Decimals 41
Lesson 4 [Link].B.4 Using Common Factors 44
Lesson 5 [Link].C.5 Positive and Negative Numbers 47
Lesson 6 [Link].C.6.A Representing Negative Numbers 50
Lesson 7 [Link].C.6.B Ordered Pairs 53
Lesson 8 [Link].C.6.C Number Line & Coordinate Plane 58
Lesson 9 [Link].C.7 Absolute Value 63
Lesson 10 [Link].C.7.B Rational Numbers in Context 65
Lesson 11 [Link].C.7.C Interpreting Absolute Value 69
Lesson 12 [Link].C.7.D Comparisons of Absolute Value 72
Lesson 13 [Link].C.8 Coordinate Plane 75
Answer Key & Detailed Explanations 80
Chapter 3 Expressions & Equations 103
Lesson 1 [Link].A.1 Whole Number Exponents 103
Lesson 2 [Link].A.2.A Expressions Involving Variables 105
Lesson 3 [Link].A.2.B Identifying Expression Parts 107
Lesson 4 [Link].A.2.C Evaluating Expressions 109
Lesson 5 [Link].A.3 Writing Equivalent Expressions 112
Lesson 6 [Link].A.4 Identifying Equivalent Expressions 114
Lesson 7 [Link].B.5 Equations and Inequalities 117
Lesson 8 [Link].B.6 Modeling with Expressions 120
Lesson 9 [Link].B.7 Solving One-Step Equations 123
Lesson 10 [Link].B.8 Representing Inequalities 126
Lesson 11 [Link].C.9 Quantitative Relationships 129
Answer Key & Detailed Explanations 132
Chapter 4 Geometry 150
Lesson 1 6.G.A.1 Area 150
Lesson 2 6.G.A.2 Surface Area and Volume 155
Lesson 3 6.G.A.3 Coordinate Geometry 158
Lesson 4 6.G.A.4 Nets 164
Answer Key & Detailed Explanations 170
Chapter 5 Statistics & Probability 178
Lesson 1 [Link].A.1 Statistical Questions 178
Lesson 2 [Link].A.2 Distribution 182
Lesson 3 [Link].A.3 Central Tendency 186
Lesson 4 [Link].B.4 Graphs & Charts 189
Lesson 5 [Link].B.5 Data Interpretation 196
Lesson 6 [Link].B.5.B Describing the Nature 200
Lesson 7 [Link].B.5.C Context of Data Gathered 203
Lesson 8 [Link].B.5.D Relating Data Distributions 206
Answer Key & Detailed Explanations 211
Additional Information 232
Test Taking Tips and FAQs 232
What if I buy more than one Lumos tedBook? 233
Progress Chart 234
Date of Completion:________________ Score:________________
Chapter 1
Ratios & Proportional Relationships
Lesson 1: Expressing Ratios
1. A school has an enrollment of 600 students. 330 of the students are girls. Express the
fraction of students who are boys in simplest terms.
12
A
20
11
B
20
9
C
20
13
D
20
2. In the 14th century, the Sultan of Brunei noticed that his ratio of emeralds to rubies was the
same as the ratio of diamonds to pearls. If he had 85 emeralds, 119 rubies, and 45 diamonds,
how many pearls did he have?
A 17
B 22
C 58
D 63
3. Mr. Fullingham has 75 geese and 125 turkeys. What is the ratio of the number of geese to the
total number of birds in simplest terms?
A 75:200
B 3:8
C 125:200
D 5:8
4. The little league team called the Hawks has 7 brunettes, 5 blonds, and 2 redheads. What is
the ratio of redheads to the entire team in simplest terms?
A 2:7
B 2:5
C 2:12
D 1:7
4 [Link]
5. The little league team called the Hawks has 7 brunettes, 5 blonds, and 2 redheads. The entire
little league division that the Hawks belong to has the same ratio of redheads to everyone
else. What is the total number of redheads in that division if the total number of players is
126?
A 9
B 14
C 18
D 24
6. Barnaby decided to count the number of ducks and geese flying south for the winter. The first
day he counted 175 ducks and 63 geese. What is the ratio of ducks to the total number of
birds flying overhead in simplest terms?
A 175:63
B 175:238
C 25:9
D 25:34
7. Barnaby decided to count the number of ducks and geese flying south for the winter. The first
day he counted 175 ducks and 63 geese. By the end of migration, Barnaby had counted 4,725
geese. If the ratio of ducks to geese remained the same (175 to 63), how many ducks did he
count?
A 13,125
B 17,850
C 10,695
D 14,750
8. Barbara was baking a cake and could not find her tablespoon measure. The recipe calls for
1
3 3 tablespoons. Each table spoon measure 3 teaspoon. How many teaspoons must Barbara
use in order to have the recipe turn out all right?
A 3
B 6
C 9
D 10
9. The ratio of girls to boys in a grade is 6 to 5. If there are 24 girls in the grade then how many
students are there altogether?
A 14
B 24
C 34
D 44
[Link] 5
10. The ratio of pencils to pens in a box is 3 to 2. If there are 30 pencils and pens altogether, how
many pencils are there?
A 16
B 17
C 18
D 19
11. Which of the following correctly expresses the ratio of shaded bows to the number of total
bows? Select all answers that apply.
A 3:8
B 5:8
3
C
5
3
D
8
5
E
8
12. Write the ratio that correctly describes the number of white stars compared to the number of
gray stars. Write your answer in the box below.
6 [Link]
13. Complete the following table by filling in the blanks with a number that shows the correct ratio
that is equivalent to the one shown in the first row.
1 2
2 4
6
4 8
5
12
[Link] 7
ANSWER KEY AND
DETAILED EXPLANATION
Chapter 1
Ratios & Proportional Relationships
Lesson 1: Expressing Ratios
Question No. Answer Detailed Explanations
1 C First, to find the proper ratio, subtract the number of girls from the
total number of students. The difference is the number of boys.
600−330 = 270. So, the initial ratio is 270
600
.
Then, to rewrite a ratio in its simplest terms, divide the numerator
and denominator by the Greatest Common Factor (GCF). Here, the
GCF is 30. 270 divided by 30 = 9 and 600 divided by 30 = 20, so,
9
the simplest ratio is 20
.
2 D 85
First, find the ratio of emeralds to rubies. That ratio is 119 . To find
how many pearls the sultan had, set up a proportion with the ratio
85
of diamonds to pearls: = 45
119x
Then, find the cross products of each:
85*x = 119*45
Simplify: 85x = 5355
Solve for x by dividing by 85 on both sides: 85x
85
= 5355
85
x = 63
3 B 75 + 125 = 200. Therefore, the total number of birds is 200. The
ratio of geese to total birds is 75:200. Simplify the ratio by dividing
by the GCF (75,200)= 25, simplified ratio is 3:8.
4 D There are (7+5+2) = 14 players in all. The ratio of redheads to the
team is 2:14. Divide by the GCF of 2 to simplify the ratio to 1:7
5 C 2 x 1 x
Set up the proportion: 14 = 126 , 7 = 126 , cross multiply to get
7x = 126, then divide by 7 and x = 18.
6 D The total number of birds is 175+63 = 238. Thus, the ratio of ducks
to total birds is 175:238. To find the ratio in simplest terms, divide by
the GCF(175, 238) =7. The ratio in simplest terms is 25:34.
8 [Link]
Question No. Answer Detailed Explanations
7 A The ratio of ducks to geese is 175:63. To find how many ducks, set
up a proportion of 175
63
= x
4,725
.
Find the cross products:
175*4,725 = 63*x
826,875 = 63x
Divide both sides by 63
x = 13,125
10
8 D There are 3 teaspoons to each tablespoon. Thus 3 * 3 = 10
teaspoons.
9 D To find how many students there are in the grade, set up the
6 24
proportion 5
= x
.
Notice that you can multiply 65 by 44 to make the numerator of
24. This makes the equivalent denominator 20.
Add 24 + 20 to get the total number of students, or 44.
10 C If the ratio of pencils to pens is
3
then the ratio of pencils to pencils
2
3
and pens is 5
. To find the number of pencils in a box with 30
3 x
pencils and pens, set up the proportion 5
= 30
. Then, multiply
6 18
the first ratio by which will equal
6
.
There are 18 pencils in
30
the box.
11 A&D Correct Response: 3:8 and 3/8 There are 3 shaded bows and a total
of 8 bows in all. 3:8 is the correct way to write a ratio or it can be
3
written 8
, which is read “3 out of 8”.
12 4:5 4:5. There are 4 white stars and 5 gray stars.
13 1 2
2 4
3 6
4 8
5 10
6 12
The numbers are 3, 6, 10. The first row shows the ratio pattern,
which is 1:2, which means each number in the left column is ½ of
the number in the right column.
[Link] 9
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