CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION

The Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) is a sophisticated and intuitive

web-based application designed to facilitate the efficient organization and
management of teacher records within educational institutions. This system comprises
two primary modules: the Admin module and the Users module. The Admin module
empowers administrators with comprehensive control over system functionalities,
enabling effective oversight, data management, and reporting. In contrast, the Users
module caters to the needs of students, parents, and various stakeholders by offering
user-friendly features for searching teachers and raising queries.

1.1 OBJECTIVES

 Efficient Organization of Teacher Records

The primary objective of TRMS is to streamline the organization of teacher
records within educational institutions. By providing a centralized and structured
repository, the system aims to facilitate easy access, management, and
maintenance of vital teacher-related information.

 Enhanced Administrative Control

Through the Admin module, includes efficient management of subjects, teachers,
and related data. The objective is to equip administrators with tools to oversee and
regulate the system effectively.

 Facilitating Informed Decision-Making

TRMS endeavors to aid administrators in making informed decisions by providing
reporting functionalities. This offer insights into the number of teachers, their
distribution, and changes over specified periods.

 User-Centric Experience
The Users module is designed to prioritize the user experience, catering to
students, parents, and stakeholders. The system aims to provide a seamless and
intuitive interface for users to search for teachers based on subjects and

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 Efficient Data Organization
To streamline and organize teacher-related data efficiently.TRMS aims to provide
a structured and organized database for storing information about teachers, their
subjects, credentials, and other relevant data. This ensures easy access to accurate
and up-to-date information.

 Comprehensive Record Management

To manage and maintain a comprehensive record of teachers. TRMS focuses on
creating a centralized system that records and manages all essential information
related to teachers. This includes personal details, academic qualifications,
teaching experience, and professional development activities.

 Real-Time Accessibility
To ensure real-time access to teacher records for authorized users. TRMS
facilitates immediate access to teacher records for administrators, teachers, and
other stakeholders. This real-time access supports timely decision-making and
enhances operational efficiency.

 Simplified Information Retrieval:

To enable easy and quick retrieval of teacher information. TRMS provides
intuitive search functionalities that allow users to search for teachers based on
various criteria such as subject, name, or period of addition. This simplifies the
process of finding specific teacher information.

 Data Accuracy and Integrity:

To maintain the accuracy and integrity of teacher data. TRMS implements
validation checks and measures to ensure that the data inputted into the system is
accurate and consistent, enhancing the overall quality and reliability of the
information.

 Enhanced Reporting and Analysis:

To generate insightful reports for effective decision-making.TRMS provides the
capability to generate reports that offer valuable insights into the number of

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 teachers added during specific periods. These reports aid administrators in
assessing trends and making informed decisions.

 User-Friendly Interface
To design an intuitive and user-friendly interface. TRMS prioritizes user
experience by designing an intuitive interface that is easy to navigate for
administrators, teachers, and users. This enhances usability and encourages
regular utilization of the system.

 Security and Data Privacy

To prioritize security and protect sensitive data. TRMS employs robust security
measures, including encryption methods like MD5, to ensure the confidentiality
and privacy of the data stored in the system, particularly sensitive information
such as passwords.

 Adaptability and Scalability

To design a system that can adapt to evolving needs and scale with growth. TRMS
is structured to accommodate changes in requirements and scale effectively to
meet the needs of a growing educational institution, making it a sustainable
solution for the long term.

1.2 SCOPE

The project's scope encompasses the design, development, and implementation of the
TRMS. This involves creating the essential modules - Admin, Users, and Teacher -
each serving specific purposes within the system. The project will utilize PHP for the
backend and MySQL for the database, ensuring a secure and scalable application.

The scope of the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) project is expansive
and multifaceted, encompassing a comprehensive set of features and functionalities
aimed at revolutionizing the management of teacher records within educational
institutions. The project's primary objective is to develop a sophisticated and intuitive
web-based application that will serve as a centralized repository for organizing,
managing, and retrieving crucial information pertaining to teachers. Within the scope
of this project, there are two principal modules: the Admin module and the Users

3
module, each tailored to cater to distinct user needs. The Admin module focuses on
empowering administrators with comprehensive control over system functionalities,
including subjects and teachers management, insightful reporting, and user profile
management. Meanwhile, the Users module is designed to cater to students, parents,
and various stakeholders, offering them a user-friendly interface for searching
teachers and raising queries. The project will implement crucial security measures,
such as MD5 encryption for password protection, to ensure data confidentiality and
integrity. The intended outcome of this project is to deliver an efficient, secure, and
user-centric system that significantly streamlines teacher record management,
ultimately enhancing the educational ecosystem's functionality and effectiveness.

1.3 METHODOLOGY

The development of TRMS will follow an agile methodology, enabling iterative

development and continuous feedback integration. The project will proceed through
stages of requirements gathering, system design, implementation, testing, and
deployment. Regular sprints and feedback loops will ensure that the system meets the
defined objectives and remains aligned with stakeholders' expectations.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE

Efficient management of teacher records is critical for educational institutions to

ensure smooth operations, timely communication, and informed decision-making. The
TRMS project addresses this need by introducing a modernized approach to record-
keeping. It is expected to significantly reduce administrative burden, enhance data
accessibility, and promote a more transparent and organized educational environment.

In the subsequent sections of this report, we delve deeper into the project's
architecture, functionalities, implementation details, and the outcomes achieved. We
present an in-depth analysis of each module, illustrating their features and advantages.
Additionally, we discuss challenges faced during development and provide
recommendations for future enhancements. The culmination of this report is a
comprehensive understanding of the Teachers Record Management System and its
potential to transform how educational institutions handle teacher-related data.

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Admin Module

Dashboard: In this section admin can briefly view total number of subjects and total
number of teachers.

Subjects: In this section, admin can manage the Subjects (add/update).

Teachers: In this section, admin can add new teachers and manage the details of old
teachers.

Search: In this section, admin can search teachers by using teacher name.

Report: In this section, admin can view number of teachers added in particular
periods.

Profile: In this section admin can update his/her profile.

Change Password: In this section admin can change his/her own passwords

Logout: Through this button admin can logout.

Forgot Password: In this section, admin can reset his/her password by using registered
email id and contact number.

Teacher Module

Dashboard: It is the welcome page for a teacher.

Queries: In this section, teacher view the queries which is raised by users.

Profile: In this section teacher can update his/her profile.

Change Password: In this section teacher can change his/her own passwords

Logout: Through this button teacher can logout.

Note: In this project MD5 encryption method used.

Users:

Users can search the teachers by entering the subject name and raised the queries
which is seen by teacher.

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 CHAPTER-2
SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE SPECIFICATION

2.1 HARDWARE SPECIFICATION:

Table 2.2: H/w Requirement

Item Description
Server/Hosting A dedicated server with sufficient power, RAM and
storage capacity.
Workstations Faculty computers with RAM:4GB or higher,
SSD: 256GB or higher,
Storage:256GB or higher
Internet Connectivity High Speed internet connection for online access
Processor Brand AMD Quad-Core Processor A6-7310

2.2 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION:

Table 2.1: S/w Requirement

Client Side:

Google Chrome or any compatible

Web Browser
browser
Operating System
Windows or any equivalent OS

Server Side:

Web Server APACHE

Server side Language PHP5.6 or above version

Database Server MYSQL

Google Chrome or any compatible
Web Browser browser

Operating System Windows or any equivalent OS

APACHE

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The Apache HTTP Server Project is an effort to develop and maintain an open-source
HTTP server for modern operating systems including UNIX and Windows. The goal
of this project is to provide a secure, efficient and extensible server that provides
HTTP services in sync with the current HTTP standards.
Mail servers, database servers, web servers, and file servers use different types of
server software. All these applications may access a lot of files saved on the physical
server and apply them for many objectives.
The aim of the web servers is to deliver websites over the internet. It behaves as a
middleman among the client machines and servers to achieve that aim. It can pull the
content through the server over every user request. Also, it delivers this request to the
web.
When any visitor wishes for loading a page on our website, the homepage, for
instance, or our "About Us" page, the visitor's browser will send a request on our
server. Apache will return a response along with each requested file (images, files,
etc.). The client and server communicate by HTTP protocol, and Apache is liable for
secure and smooth communication among t both the machines.
The Apache HTTP Server ("httpd") was launched in 1995 and it has been the most
popular web server on the Internet since April 1996. It has celebrated its 20th birthday
as a project in February 2015. If someone wishes to visit any website, they fill-out the
name of the domain in their browser address bar. The web server will bring the
requested files by performing as the virtual delivery person.
PHP
• PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.
• PHP is a server-side scripting language, like ASP.
• PHP scripts are executed on the server.
• PHP supports many databases (MYSQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase,
Solid, ,etc.).
• PHP is an open source software.
• PHP is free to download and use.

MYSQL
MySQL is a popular open-source relational database management system (RDBMS)
often used in various applications, including teacher record management systems.
When designing a teacher record management system using MySQL, you would
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typically create a database schema that organizes and stores the necessary information
about teachers, courses, assignments, grades, and other related data.
MySQL is an RDBMS, which means it's a software that manages relational databases.
A relational database organizes data into tables with rows and columns, making it
easy to establish relationships between different pieces of information.
Data in MySQL is organized into tables, which are similar to spreadsheets. Each table
consists of rows (records) and columns (fields). A table represents a specific entity,
and the columns define the attributes or properties of that entity.
MySQL uses SQL, a specialized language, to interact with the database. SQL allows
you to create, read, update, and delete data (commonly known as CRUD operations)
within the database. Examples of SQL statements include SELECT, INSERT,
UPDATE, and DELETE.
MySQL allows you to create stored procedures and functions, which are reusable
blocks of SQL code stored on the server. These can improve code organization,
reduce redundancy, and enhance performance.
• MYSQL is a database server.
• MYSQL is ideal for both small and large applications.
• MYSQL supports standard SQL.
• MYSQL compiles on a number of platforms.
• MYSQL is free to download and use.
• How to access MySQL: http://localhost/phpmyadmin.

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 CHAPTER-3

SYSTEM ANALYSIS
System analysis for the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) project
involves a comprehensive and structured approach to understanding, defining, and

designing the system to ensure it meets its objectives effectively.

 Understanding User Requirements
Conducted in-depth interviews and discussions with educational institution
stakeholders, including administrators, teachers, students, and parents, to gather
comprehensive requirements for the system.
 Identifying Functional Requirements
Compiled a detailed list of functionalities required in the Admin, Users, and
Teacher modules based on the gathered requirements.
 Defining Non-Functional Requirements
Defined non-functional requirements such as system performance, security,
scalability, usability, and data privacy to ensure the system meets desired
standards.
 Defining Data Models
Created entity-relationship diagrams (ERDs) to depict the relationships between
various data entities like teachers, subjects, users, profiles, and queries.
 Analyzing Data Flow
Mapped the flow of data within the system, identifying inputs, processes, and
outputs at different stages of system usage.
 Security and Access Control Analysis
Conducted a thorough analysis to identify potential security threats and risks, and
formulated strategies to mitigate them, including the use of encryption methods
and secure login mechanisms.
 Performance Analysis
Evaluated the system's performance requirements, including response times,
concurrent user handling, and database optimization to ensure optimal
performance under varying load conditions.

 Objective Clarity

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The system analysis begins with a clear elucidation of the project's objectives.
This encompasses understanding the purpose of the TRMS, including enhancing
teacher record management, improving efficiency, and providing a user-friendly
platform.

 User Involvement
An essential aspect of system analysis involves engaging with end-users,
including administrators, teachers, and potential users. Feedback and insights from
these stakeholders are invaluable in shaping the system to meet their needs
effectively.

 Data Modeling and Design

In-depth data modeling is conducted to design the structure of the system's
database. This step involves creating entity-relationship diagrams (ERD) and
defining the attributes, relationships, and constraints for data entities such as
teachers, subjects, and profiles.

 Functional Decomposition
System analysis breaks down the system's functionality into smaller, manageable
components. Functional decomposition allows for a detailed understanding of the
system's behavior, interactions, and responsibilities of each module or feature.

 Security and Privacy Assessment

A critical aspect of system analysis involves assessing the security and privacy
requirements of TRMS. Potential risks are identified, and measures to ensure data
confidentiality, integrity, and authentication are defined in this phase.

 Technology Selection:
The analysis includes the selection of appropriate technologies, frameworks, and
tools that align with the project's requirements and constraints. This ensures a
technology stack that supports the system's functionalities and objectives.

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 Scope and Boundary Definition:
System analysis defines the boundaries and scope of TRMS, clarifying what
functionalities are included and excluded from the project. This helps manage
stakeholder expectations and avoid scope creep.

 User Experience Enhancement

Attention is given to enhancing user experience through a user-centric design
approach. Wireframing and prototyping are integral steps in this phase to visualize
the system's layout and user interface, aligning with user expectations.

3.1 IDENTIFICATION OF NEED

The identification of needs revolves around understanding the specific
requirements and pain points within educational institutions related to teacher
record management. Here's a breakdown of the identified needs:
 Efficient Organization of Teacher Records:
Educational institutions need a systematic and organized approach to store and
manage teacher records, including personal information, qualifications, teaching
experience, and subjects taught.
 Centralized Repository for Teacher Information:
Institutions require a centralized system to consolidate and manage
comprehensive teacher-related data, ensuring easy access and retrieval when
needed.
 Comprehensive Administrative Control:
Administrators need tools and features to efficiently manage and oversee teacher
records, subjects, and system functionality to ensure smooth operations and
informed decision-making.
 User-Centric Experience for Various Stakeholders:
Students, parents, and other stakeholders need a user-friendly interface to search
for teachers based on specific criteria and raise queries related to education for
effective engagement and communication.
 Data-Driven Decision Making:

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The need for reporting functionalities that empower administrators to generate and
view reports on teacher additions and other relevant data during specific time
periods, aiding in data-driven decision-making.
 Enhanced Communication Channels:
Establishing effective communication channels between teachers and stakeholders
is crucial to facilitate inquiries, address concerns, and maintain a seamless flow of
information, ensuring easy access and retrieval when needed.
 Data Security and Privacy:
Educational institutions need assurance that the teacher record management
system maintains the security and privacy of sensitive data through secure login,
password change features, and robust data encryption methods for effective
engagement and communication.
.
 Quick Information Access for Educators:
Educators require a dedicated dashboard for quick access to essential information,
including queries from users, to effectively manage their responsibilities and
engage with stakeholders.
 Accurate and Up-to-Date Teacher Profiles:
It is essential to ensure that teacher profiles within the system are accurate and up-
to-date, providing an authentic representation of the educators within the
educational institution.

3.2 PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

Preliminary investigation for the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS)
involves gathering essential information to understand the project's context
objectives, and initial requirements. Here's a structured approach for conducting a
preliminary investigation:
 Project Overview:
Understand the project's purpose, which is to develop a web-based application for
efficient organization and management of teacher records in educational
institutions. Familiarize yourself with the core modules: Admin, Users, and
Teacher, and their respective functionalities.
 Identify Stakeholders:

12
List and identify the primary stakeholders involved, such as administrators,
teachers, students, parents, and any other relevant parties. Understand their roles,
needs, and expectations regarding the system.
 Meet with Stakeholders:
Schedule meetings or interviews with stakeholders to discuss the objectives,
expectations, and requirements they have for the TRMS. Document their feedback
and insights.
 Current System Assessment:
Evaluate any existing systems or processes currently in use for managing teacher
records. Identify the strengths, weaknesses, and limitations of the current
approach.
 Business Process Analysis:
Analyze the current business processes related to teacher record management.
Understand how information is currently collected, stored, accessed, and
managed.

 Needs Assessment:
Gather information on the needs and pain points of administrators, users, and
teachers. Identify what functionalities are lacking in the existing systems and
processes.
 Technology Assessment:
Research and assess the technology landscape to identify suitable platforms,
frameworks, and tools that can be utilized to develop the TRMS. Consider factors
like scalability, security, and compatibility.
 Regulatory and Compliance Requirements:
Investigate any legal requirements relevant to teacher record management in
educational institutions. Ensure that the TRMS complies with necessary
regulations.
 Budget and Resource Constraints:
Determine the budget constraints and resource availability for the project.
Understand the limitations in terms of funding, time, and human resources.
 Risk Assessment:

13
Identify potential risks and challenges that may arise during the development and
implementation of the TRMS. Assess their impact and likelihood.
 Project Objectives and Scope:
Define the high-level objectives and scope of the project based on the gathered
information. Ensure that the objectives align with the needs of the stakeholders
and the goals of the educational institutions

CHAPTER-4
FEASIBILITY STUDY
A feasibility study for the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) project
is essential to determine its viability and potential success. The study assesses
various aspects to ensure the project is feasible and aligns with organizational
goals and resources. It involves a comprehensive assessment of various factors to
ensure that the project is feasible and aligned with the organization's goals and
resources.

4.1 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY

The Technical Feasibility analysis for the Teachers Record Management System
(TRMS) involves assessing the technological aspects to ensure that the project can
be successfully developed, implemented, and maintained. It evaluates whether the
proposed Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) can be developed and
implemented using available technology and within specified constraints . Analyze
the volume and types of data that TRMS will handle, and propose an appropriate
data storage and retrieval mechanism.
 Technology Assessment:
Evaluate the appropriate technologies and frameworks for developing a robust
web-based application for TRMS. Consider factors like scalability, compatibility,
security, and performance in selecting the technology stack.
 Hardware and Software Requirements:
Define the hardware and software infrastructure needed to support the
application's development, deployment, and ongoing operation. Specify server
configurations, database requirements, and other hardware components.
 Integration Capabilities:

14
Analyze the integration points of TRMS with external systems, if any, and ensure
smooth data exchange and interaction. Evaluate the compatibility and ease of
integration with existing school management systems or other educational tools.
 Database Management:
Identify the appropriate database management system (DBMS) that can efficiently
handle the volume and complexity of teacher records and related data.
Consider database design, indexing strategies, and data retrieval mechanisms for
optimal performance.
 Scalability and Performance:
Evaluate the system's ability to scale to handle an increasing number of users,
data, and transactions over time. Perform load testing and assess the system's
performance under different usage scenarios to ensure responsiveness and
reliability.
 Security Measures:
Define robust security measures to safeguard sensitive information, such as user
credentials, teacher records, and communication channels. Implement encryption,
secure login mechanisms, role-based access control, and data privacy protocols.
 Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC):
Define the software development methodology (e.g., Agile, Scrum) that aligns
with the project's goals and requirements. Establish a structured SDLC process to
ensure efficient development, testing, deployment, and maintenance of TRMS.
 Technical Expertise and Skills:
Assess the availability of skilled developers and technical expertise required for
building and maintaining the TRMS. Plan for training and skill development
programs to ensure the team is equipped to work with the chosen technologies.

4.2 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

Economic feasibility analysis for the Teachers Record Management System
(TRMS) involves evaluating whether the project is financially viable and cost-
effective. It helps in determining whether the benefits outweigh the costs
associated with development, implementation, and maintenance. It assesses
whether the project is financially viable and if the benefits outweigh the costs. It
include initial development costs, maintenance costs, and potential cost savings or

15
revenue generation resulting from system implementation. Here are the key
aspects of economic feasibility for TRMS:
 Cost Estimation:
Identify and estimate all costs associated with the project, including development,
hardware, software, training, maintenance, support, and any other expenses related
to the project lifecycle. It assesses whether the project is financially viable and if
the benefits outweigh the costs. It include initial development costs, maintenance
costs, and potential cost savings or revenue generation resulting from system
implementation.
 Development Costs:
Estimate the costs involved in developing the TRMS, including software
development, database design, user interface development, integration, testing,
and quality assurance.
 Hardware and Software Costs:
Calculate the expenses associated with procuring and setting up the required
hardware and software components for the application to function optimally.
 Operational Costs:
Assess ongoing operational costs, such as hosting, maintenance, updates, support,
and licensing fees for third-party tools or software.
 Training and Support Costs:
Estimate the costs associated with training the users, administrators, and support
staff for effective utilization of the TRMS.
 Benefits and Savings:
Identify and quantify the benefits and savings that the TRMS will bring to the
educational institution, including time saved, efficiency gains, reduced paperwork,
improved decision-making, and resource optimization.
 Sensitivity Analysis:
Conduct sensitivity analysis to assess how changes in key parameters, such as user
adoption rates or operational costs, affect the economic feasibility of the project.
Identify the critical parameters that significantly influence the project, such as cost
of development, maintenance costs, user adoption rates, or technological
advancements.
 Comparison with Alternatives:

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Compare the economic feasibility of developing TRMS with potential
alternatives, such as using existing systems or outsourcing the development, to
make an informed decision. List and describe alternative solutions that could
potentially address the need for efficient organization and management of teacher
records in educational institutions.

4.3 OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY

Operational feasibility for the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS)
assesses whether the proposed system can be effectively implemented and
integrated into the existing educational environment. It focuses on evaluating the
practicality of implementing TRMS from an operational standpoint. Describe how
the TRMS will be integrated into the existing operations. Explain any changes or
enhancements needed in the current processes to accommodate the new system.
Assess if the existing workforce possesses the necessary skills or if additional
training is needed. Here are the key aspects of operational feasibility for TRMS:
 User Acceptance and Training:
Assess the willingness and readiness of users, including administrators, teachers,
students, and parents, to accept and adapt to the new system. Evaluate the need for
training and determine the ease of use for various user roles.
 Ease of Use and Navigation:
Evaluate the system's user interface and navigation to ensure that users can easily
perform tasks and access functionalities without encountering significant
difficulties. Explain any changes or enhancements needed in the current processes
to accommodate the new system. Assess if the existing workforce possesses the
necessary skills or if additional training is needed.
 Integration with Existing Systems:
Determine how seamlessly TRMS can integrate with any existing systems,
databases, or software solutions used within the educational institution to avoid
disruptions and ensure smooth operations.
 Data Migration and Compatibility:
Assess the feasibility of migrating existing teacher records and data into TRMS,
ensuring compatibility and data integrity during the transition.

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 Impact on Current Processes:
Analyze how TRMS will impact current administrative and record-keeping
processes, and identify any necessary adjustments or improvements needed for
efficient implementation.
 Risk Assessment:
Identify potential risks related to system implementation, integration, and
operation, and develop risk mitigation strategies to address them effectively.
 Scalability and Flexibility:
Evaluate the system's ability to accommodate growth in the number of users, and
additional features, ensuring it remains flexible and scalable to meet future
requirements.
 Availability of Resources:
Determine if there are sufficient resources, including hardware, software, skilled
personnel, and technical support, available to successfully implement and
maintain TRMS.
 Security and Privacy Compliance:
Ensure that TRMS complies with legal and regulatory requirements related to data
privacy and security, considering the sensitive nature of educational and personal
information.
 Feedback and Stakeholder Involvement:
Engage stakeholders to gather feedback and suggestions regarding the system's
design, functionalities, and potential improvements, ensuring that their needs and
concerns are adequately addressed.
 Operational Impact Analysis:
Conduct an analysis to predict the operational impact of TRMS on daily activities,
workload, and efficiency, both during the transition phase and in the long run.

18
 CHAPTER-5
ANALYSIS
5.1 ANALYSIS OF PRESENT SYSTEM
In present all teacher record work done on the paper. The whole year teacher
record is stored in the registers. We can’t generate reports as per our requirements
because its take more time to calculate the teacher record report.
Disadvantage of present system:
• Not user friendly: The present system not user friendly because data is not
stored in structure and proper format.
• Manual Control: All report calculation is done manually so there is a chance of
error.
• Lots of paper work: Teacher record maintain in the register so lots of paper
require storing details.
• Time consuming.

5.2 FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS

Functional analysis of the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) within
the project report delves into a detailed examination of the system's core
functionalities, features, and how it addresses the needs of various stakeholders.
Key points for functional analysis can be outlined as follows:

The functional analysis commences with a comprehensive overview of TRMS,

elucidating its primary objectives and intended benefits. This includes a clear
understanding of the system's role in streamlining teacher record management,
enhancing communication, and providing insightful reporting. The key
functionalities of TRMS are detailed, focusing on features such as subject

19
management, teacher profile management, search capabilities, and reporting
functionalities. Each functionality is analyzed in terms of its purpose, user
interaction, data flow, and its contribution to achieving the system's goals. Special
attention is given to user roles, distinguishing between administrators, teachers,
and general users, and outlining the functionalities available to each role. System
interactions, workflows, and use cases are depicted, illustrating the step-by-step
processes involved in using TRMS and showcasing how users navigate and utilize
the system. Integration points, if applicable, are discussed, highlighting any
external systems or tools that TRMS interacts with to enhance its functionality.
Error handling and validation mechanisms are explored, emphasizing how the
system responds to incorrect inputs and provides meaningful feedback to users.
Accessibility features are addressed to ensure the system is inclusive and usable
by individuals with diverse needs, in adherence to accessibility standards. The
functional analysis also includes future enhancements and scalability
considerations, showcasing how the system can be extended to accommodate
additional features and a growing user base.
By encapsulating these functional aspects in the analysis section of the project
report, a holistic understanding of TRMS's functionalities and capabilities is
presented. This analysis is pivotal for stakeholders, developers, and end-users,
aiding in system comprehension, usability, and potential system advancements.

a. Admin Module:
Dashboard: Provides a quick overview of subjects and teachers, aiding in
decision-making.
Subjects and Teachers Management: Facilitates efficient management of
subjects and teacher records.
Search: Enables admins to find teachers quickly by their names.
Report: Allows admins to analyze the number of teachers added over specific
periods.
Profile and Change Password: Essential for admin customization and security.
Forgot Password: Provides a mechanism for password recovery.

b. Teacher Module:
Dashboard: Offers a centralized view for teachers, ensuring easy navigation.
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Queries: Allows teachers to view and respond to user-raised queries, promoting
communication.
Profile and Change Password: Essential for teacher customization and security.
Provides a mechanism for password recovery.
c. Users:
Search Teachers: Allows users to find teachers based on subject, aiding in
teacher selection.
Raise Queries: Enables users to seek clarification and communicate with
teachers.

5.3 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS

The technical analysis of the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS)
within the project report involves a detailed evaluation of the underlying
technologies, architecture, and design choices that drive the system's
development. It provides insights into the technical aspects that enable the system
to function effectively and efficiently. Key points for the technical analysis can be
outlined as follows:

The technical analysis begins with an overview of the technology stack employed
in TRMS, encompassing the programming languages, frameworks, libraries, and
databases utilized. This includes outlining the reasons for choosing specific
technologies based on factors such as scalability, performance, and suitability for
the project's objectives. The system architecture is thoroughly examined,
including the division of the system into different modules, their interactions, and
the overall design approach (e.g., monolithic, microservices). Scalability is a
crucial aspect, and the analysis assesses how the system is designed to scale to
handle increased data and user loads effectively. Database design and
management strategies are discussed, highlighting the database schema, data
models, indexing, and any optimizations implemented to enhance database
performance. Security measures and protocols are analyzed, encompassing
authentication, authorization mechanisms, and data encryption strategies (e.g.,
MD5) to ensure data privacy and system integrity. Integration points and
interoperability with other systems, if applicable, are elucidated, showcasing how
TRMS can seamlessly interact with external platforms or tools. Error handling and
21
logging mechanisms are assessed to ensure robustness and ease of debugging,
providing insights into how the system manages exceptions and logs critical
events. Additionally, the deployment strategy is discussed, addressing whether the
system is hosted on-premise or in the cloud, the chosen cloud service providers,
and how the deployment supports the system's performance and availability
requirements.

By encapsulating these technical aspects in the analysis section of the project

report, a comprehensive understanding of the technical foundation of TRMS is
presented. This knowledge is vital for stakeholders, developers, and future
maintainers, aiding in system comprehension, troubleshooting, and potential
enhancements.

Technology Stack: Discuss the use of a web-based application, detailing the

technologies and frameworks used (front-end, back-end, database, etc.).

MD5 Encryption: Describe the use of MD5 encryption for password security.
Database Structure: Assess the effectiveness of the database design in storing and
retrieving information efficiently.

5.4 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Performance analysis for the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) in
the project report involves a thorough assessment of the system's responsiveness,
efficiency, and scalability. It encompasses evaluating how well the system
performs under different conditions and user loads to ensure it meets the expected
performance standards. Key points for performance analysis can be outlined as
follows:

The performance analysis begins with defining clear performance requirements,

including response times, concurrent user handling capabilities, and system
resource usage thresholds. This sets the benchmark against which the system's
performance is measured. Load testing is a critical aspect, simulating various
levels of user activity to evaluate the system's response and identify potential
bottlenecks. This includes scenarios with a large number of simultaneous users
22
accessing the system to ensure it can handle peak loads efficiently. Stress testing
is conducted to determine the system's stability and robustness under extreme
conditions, pushing it beyond its specified capacity to identify failure points and
weaknesses. Performance monitoring tools are utilized to measure and analyze
response times, server load, and other performance indicators. These tools provide
valuable insights into system behavior and help in optimizing the system for better
performance. Caching mechanisms and database optimization are employed to
enhance performance, reducing the load on the server and improving response
times for frequent requests. Scalability analysis is integral, assessing the system's
ability to handle increased data and user growth while maintaining performance.
The results of performance analysis, along with recommendations for
optimizations, are documented, aiding in refining the system to meet the desired
performance objectives.
By encompassing these aspects in the performance analysis section of the project
report, a comprehensive understanding of TRMS's performance capabilities and
potential areas for improvement is presented. This information is pivotal for
ensuring a system that operates efficiently and meets the performance
expectations of its users.

Speed and Responsiveness: Evaluate the system's speed in performing actions

such as searching teachers and generating reports.
Scalability: Assess the system's potential to handle increased data and users
without compromising performance.

5.5 TESTING AND QUALITY ANALYSIS

The testing and quality analysis of the Teachers Record Management System
(TRMS) detailed in the project report involve a rigorous examination of the
system's functionalities, performance, security, and overall quality to ensure it
meets predefined standards and requirements. Key points for testing and quality
analysis can be outlined as follows:

The testing process encompasses various levels, including unit testing, integration
testing, system testing, and acceptance testing, ensuring each component and the
entire system functions as expected. This includes verifying that functionalities
23
such as subject and teacher management, search, and reporting operate without
errors and deliver accurate results. Performance testing evaluates the system's
responsiveness, scalability, and stability under different load conditions, ensuring
it can handle concurrent users and maintain acceptable response times. Security
testing involves assessing the system's vulnerabilities, implementing penetration
testing, and evaluating its ability to protect sensitive data, such as passwords and
user information, using encryption methods like MD5. Usability testing is
conducted to assess the user interface's intuitiveness and overall user experience,
aiming to make TRMS user-friendly and easy to navigate for all types of users.
Regression testing is crucial to ensure that system enhancements or updates do not
negatively impact existing functionalities, guaranteeing the system's stability and
integrity across iterations. Quality analysis encompasses measuring the system's
compliance with defined quality standards and industry best practices, ensuring
the system meets the desired levels of reliability, maintainability, and efficiency.
Documentation is a key aspect of quality analysis, ensuring that comprehensive
and up-to-date documentation is available, facilitating ease of use, maintenance,
and future system enhancements. A feedback loop from users, administrators, and
other stakeholders is vital to gather insights and suggestions for improvement,
enriching the system's quality and overall user satisfaction. Any identified defects
or issues are logged, tracked, and prioritized for resolution, ensuring that the
system is refined and optimized to deliver a high-quality user experience.

Incorporating these aspects into the testing and quality analysis section of the
project report provides a thorough understanding of how TRMS has been
evaluated, ensuring it meets the defined quality benchmarks and offers a reliable,
efficient, and secure platform for managing teacher records.

Testing Approach: Evaluate the testing strategies, including unit testing,

integration testing, and user acceptance testing, ensuring system functionality and
reliability.
Bug Identification and Resolution: Discuss how bugs and issues were identified,
categorized, and resolved during the testing phase.
Code Quality: Assess the codebase's structure, readability, and adherence to
coding standards.
24
5.6. CONCLUSION:
Objective Achievement: Summarize how the TRMS achieved its objectives in
facilitating efficient teacher record management.
User Feedback: Consider any feedback received during testing and
implementation to highlight areas for improvement.
Future Enhancements: Suggest potential enhancements and future directions for
the TRMS, considering the current analysis and feedback.

CHAPTER-6
SYSTEM DESIGN
6.1 DESIGN INTRODUCTION
Designing the system architecture and components for the Teachers Record
Management System (TRMS) involves creating a structured and organized
framework to ensure the efficient functioning of the application.
Design is the first step in the development phase for any techniques and principles
for the purpose of defining a device, a process or system in sufficient detail to
permit its physical realization.
This system must include the efficient user interface design and database design
which includes:
 Create intuitive, user-friendly interfaces for Admin, Teacher, and User roles.
 Implement responsive design for compatibility with various devices (desktop,
tablet, mobile).
 Define appropriate tables and relationships for subjects, teachers, users, and
queries.
 Ensure normalization to eliminate redundancy and maintain data integrity.
Once the software requirements have been analyzed and specified the software
design involves three technical activities - design, coding, implementation and
testing that are required to build and verify the software.
The design activities are of main importance in this phase, because in this activity,
decisions ultimately affecting the success of the software implementation and its
ease of maintenance are made. These decisions have the final bearing upon

25
reliability and maintainability of the system. Design is the only way to accurately
translate the customer’s requirements into finished software or a system.
Design is the place where quality is fostered in development. Software design is a
process through which requirements are translated into a representation of
software. Software design is conducted in two steps. Preliminary design is
concerned with the transformation of requirements into data.
This system design provides a blueprint for the Teachers Record Management
System, encompassing architectural components, database design, user interface
considerations, and the technology stack to be used. It lays the foundation for a
well-organized and efficient TRMS application.

6.2.1 UML Diagrams:

Actor: A coherent set of roles that users of use cases play when interacting with
the use cases.

Use case: A description of sequence of actions, including variants, that a system

performs that yields an observable result of value of an actor.

UML stands for Unified Modeling Language. UML is a language for specifying,
visualizing and documenting the system. This is the step while developing any
product after analysis. The goal from this is to produce a model of the entities
involved in the project which later need to be built. The representation of the
entities that are to be used in the product being developed need to be designed.

6.2.2 Use case Diagrams:

Use case diagrams model behavior within a system and helps the developers
understand of what the user require. The stick man represents what’s called an
actor.

26
 Use case diagram can be useful for getting an overall view of the system and
clarifying who can do and more importantly what they can’t do.
Use case diagram consists of use cases and actors and shows the interaction
between the use case and actors.
• The purpose is to show the interactions between the use case and actor.
• To represent the system requirements from user’s perspective.
• An actor could be the end-user of the system or an external system.

Use case Diagrams: A Use case is a description of set of sequence of actions.

Graphically it is rendered as an ellipse with solid line including only its name.
Usecase diagram is a behavioral diagram that shows a set of use cases and actors
and their relationship. It is an association between the use cases and actors. An
actor represents a real-world object. Primary Actor – Sender, Secondary Actor
Receiver.

Use Case Diagrams:

Dashboard
Admin

Add Subject

Manage Subject
(Update Details)

Add Teacher

Manage Teacher
(Update Details)

Search(Teacher)

Generate Reports

27
 Update Profile

Change Password

Password Recovery

Fig.6.1: Use Case Diagram for Admin

Users:

Visit Website

Search (Teacher)

Fig.6.2: Use Case Diagram for Users

Teachers:

Signup

Login

Dashboard

28
 View Queries

Update Profile

Change Password

Fig.6.3: Use Case Diagram for Teacher

6.2.3 Class Diagram:

A description of set of objects that share the same attributes operations, relationships,
and semantics.

29
 Fig.6.4: Class Diagram

6.2.4 ER Diagram:
The Entity-Relationship (ER) model was originally proposed by Peter in 1976
[Chen76] as a way to unify the network and relational database views. Simply
stated the ER model is a conceptual data model that views the real world as
entities and relationships. A basic component of the model is the Entity-
Relationship diagram which is used to visually represent data objects. Since Chen
wrote his paper the model has been extended and today it is commonly used for
database design for the database designer, the utility of the ER model is:
• It maps well to the relational model. The constructs used in the ER model can
easily be transformed into relational tables.
• It is simple and easy to understand with a minimum of training. Therefore, the

30
model can be used by the database designer to communicate the design to the end
user.
• In addition, the model can be used as a design plan by the database developer to
implement a data model in specific database management software. The
constructs used in the ER model can easily be transformed into relational tables.

ER Notation:
There is no standard for representing data objects in ER diagrams. Each modeling
methodology uses its own notation. The original notation used by Chen is widely
used in academics texts and journals but rarely seen in either CASE tools or
publications by non-academics. Today, there are a number of notations used;
among the more common are Bachman, crow's foot, and IDEFIX.
All notational styles represent entities as rectangular boxes and relationships as
lines connecting boxes. Each style uses a special set of symbols to represent the
cardinality of a connection. The notation used in this document is from Martin.
The symbols used for the basic ER constructs are:
• Entities are represented by labeled rectangles. The label is the name of the
entity. Entity names should be singular nouns.
• Relationships are represented by a solid line connecting two entities. The
name of the relationship is written above the line. Relationship names should be
verbs
• Attributes, when included, are listed inside the entity rectangle. Attributes
which are identifiers are underlined. Attribute names should be singular nouns.
• Cardinality of many is represented by a line ending in a crow's foot. If the
crow's foot is omitted, the cardinality is one.
Existence is represented by placing a circle or a perpendicular bar on the line.
Mandatory existence is shown by the bar (looks like a 1) next to the entity for an
instance is required. Optional existence is shown by placing a circle next to the
entity that is optional.

31
 Fig.6.5: ER Diagram
6.2.5 Data Flow Diagram
DFD graphically representing the functions, or processes, which capture,
manipulate, store, and distribute data between a system and its environment and
between components of a system. The visual representation makes it a good
communication tool between User and System designer. Structure of DFD allows

32
 starting from a broad overview and expand it to a hierarchy of detailed diagrams.
DFD has often been used due to the following reasons:
• Logical information flow of the system.
• Determination of physical system construction requirements.
• Simplicity of notation.
• Establishment of manual and automated systems requirements.

Zero Level DFD:

User
Management
Teacher Registration Teacher
Management Management

Subject
Management
TRMS
Report
Management

Query
Management

Login
Management

Fig.6.6: Zero Level DFD

33
First Level DFD:

Subject Management
Generate
Report

Teacher
Check Query
Management
Details

Query TRMS
Management Check
Teacher Login
Teacher Details
Registration
Management
Check Admin
Login Details
Login Management

Fig.6.7: First Level DFD

Second Level DFD:

Manage
Admin Login to Check Subjects
system Roles of
access
Manage
Teacher

Search
Teacher
Forgot Check
Password Credential
Generate
Report

Update
Profile
Manage
Modules Change
Password
Fig.6.8: Two Level DFD

34
 Teacher Module:

Teacher Signup/ Check

ihuji
Login to Roles of
system access

Check
Forgot Credential View Queries
Password

Change Profile

Manage
Modules
Change
Password

Fig.6.9: Teacher Module

6.2.6 Data Tables
Admin Table :(Table name is admin)
This store admin personal and login details.

Table 6.1: Admin Table

35
 Subject Table: (Table name is tblsubjects)

Table 6.2: Subject Table

Teacher Table: (Table name is tblteacher)

Table 6.3: Teacher Table

Query Table: (Table name is tblquery)

Table 6.4: Query Table

36
 CHAPTER-7
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PARADIGM APPLIED
The one software engineering paradigm applied to the Teachers Record
Management System (TRMS) is the Agile Development Methodology.
Agile Development Methodology:
In TRMS, the Agile Development Methodology is employed to enhance
collaboration, flexibility, and responsiveness throughout the software
development process. Agile emphasizes iterative and incremental development,

allowing for continuous feedback and adaptation to changing requirements.

Fig 7.1: Agile Software development

Key characteristics of Agile in Teacher Record Management System are:

 Iterative Development:
TRMS follows an iterative development process, breaking the project into small,
manageable iterations called sprints. Each sprint has a specific duration (e.g., 2-4
weeks) and results in a potentially shippable product increment. Feedback from
users and stakeholders is collected at the end of each iteration, allowing for
continuous improvement and refinement of the product in subsequent sprints.
 Adaptability:
Agile allows TRMS to be flexible and adaptable to changing requirements and
priorities. As educational needs evolve or new functionalities are identified, the

37
project team can easily incorporate these changes in the upcoming iterations. The
development team can reprioritize features based on the feedback received during
the iterations, ensuring the product remains aligned with the evolving needs of
users.
 Collaborative Approach:
Cross-functional teams in TRMS, including developers, designers, testers, and
product owners, work collaboratively throughout the development process.
Regular meetings like daily stand-ups and sprint reviews foster collaboration and
provide a platform for team members to share progress, challenges, and solutions.
Stakeholders' involvement and feedback are encouraged and incorporated to
enhance the product.
 Customer-Centric Focus:
Agile places a strong emphasis on understanding and meeting customer needs. In
TRMS, regular reviews and demonstrations of the product increment are
conducted to gather feedback from stakeholders, including administrators,
teachers, students, and parents. This feedback is utilized to prioritize features and
make necessary adjustments, ensuring TRMS is tailored to address the specific
requirements and preferences of its users.
 Continuous Improvement:
Agile promotes a culture of continuous improvement within the development
team. At the end of each iteration, a retrospective meeting is held to reflect on
what went well, what didn't, and what can be improved. The retrospective
outcomes are utilized to implement process improvements in subsequent
iterations, leading to a more efficient and effective development process for
TRMS.

38
 CHAPTER-7
IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE
Implementing the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) involves
creating the necessary components, functionalities, and database interactions as
outlined in the project description. Below, I'll provide a high-level overview of
how to implement the key components of the Admin and Teacher modules,
focusing on functionalities and database interactions.

7.1 DATABASE DESIGN

Design the database to store information about subjects, teachers, users, and
queries. Use appropriate tables and relationships to organize the data effectively.
 Subjects Table:
subject_id (Primary Key)
subject_name
CreationDate

Table: 7.1
 Teachers Table:
teacher_id (Primary Key)
teacher_name
subject_id (Foreign Key referencing Subjects) and other teacher details

39
 Table: 7.2
 Queries Table:
query_id (Primary Key)
teacher_id (Foreign Key referencing teachers)
Query
queryDate and other details

Table: 7.3

7.2 ADMIN MODULE

7.2.1. Dashboard:
Display the total number of subjects and teachers by querying the respective tables
in the database.

SELECT COUNT(*) AS total_subjects FROM Subjects;

SELECT COUNT(*) AS total_teachers FROM Teachers;

7.2.2 Subjects Management:

40
Add: Allow the admin to add new subjects by inserting records into the Subjects
table.
Update: Enable the admin to update subject information by modifying records in
the Subjects table.

-- Add a new subject

INSERT INTO Subjects (subject_id, subject_name)
VALUES (1, 'Math');
-- Update a subject

7.2.3UPDATE
TeachersSubjects SET subject_name = 'Mathematics'
Management:
WHERE subject_id = 1;
Add: Allow the admin to add new teachers by inserting records into the Teachers
table.
Update: Enable the admin to update teacher information by modifying records in
the Teachers table.

-- Add a new teacher

INSERT INTO Teachers (teacher_id, teacher_name,
subject_id) VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 1);
-- Update teacher details
UPDATE Teachers SET teacher_name = 'John Smith'
WHERE teacher_id = 1;

7.2.4 Search:
Implement a search functionality to allow the admin to search for teachers by their
names using SQL queries.

SELECT * FROM Teachers WHERE teacher_name

LIKE 'John%';

7.2.5 Report:
Generate a report by querying the Teachers table to display the number of teachers
added during specific periods.
SELECT COUNT(*) AS teachers_added,
DATE_FORMAT(timestamp, '%Y-%m') AS period
FROM Teachers
GROUP BY DATE_FORMAT(timestamp,
41 '%Y-%m');
7.2.6 Profile and Password Management:
Implement functionalities for the admin to update their profile details and change
their password.

7.2.7 Logout and Forgot Password:

Implement functionalities for the admin to log out and reset their password using
the registered email and contact number.
7.3 TEACHER MODULE
7.3.1 Dashboard:
Display a welcome page for the teacher upon login.

7.3.2 Queries:
Allow teachers to view queries raised by users by querying the Queries table.

SELECT * FROM Queries WHERE user_id =

<teacher_user_id>;

7.3.3 Profile and Password Management:

Implement functionalities for teachers to update their profile details and change
their passwords.

7.3.4 Logout:
Implement the functionality for teachers to log out.

7.4 Users:
Implement functionalities for users to:
7.1 Searching for Teachers: Search teachers by subject name by querying the
Teachers and Subjects tables.

SELECT * FROM Teachers WHERE subject_id

= (SELECT subject_id FROM Subjects WHERE
subject_name = 'Math');

42
7.2 Raising Queries:
Raise queries by inserting records into the Queries table.
Ensure that proper authentication mechanisms are in place to validate users and
restrict access to specific functionalities based on their roles (admin, teacher, or
user).

INSERT INTO Queries (query_id, user_id, query_content,

timestamp)
Additionally,
VALUESensure that all sensitive
(1, <user_id>, data, such
'I have a question as passwords,
about Math.', is securely stored
usingNOW());
appropriate encryption methods like MD5.

This high-level overview provides a starting point for implementing the Teachers
Record Management System. Detailed implementation would involve writing
actual code, creating user interfaces, handling HTTP requests, and interacting with
the database using the chosen technologies and frameworks.
Security Considerations:
Always validate and sanitize user inputs to prevent SQL injection attacks.
Use prepared statements or parameterized queries to protect against SQL
injection.
Store passwords securely using salted and hashed methods (e.g., bcrypt)

Maintenance is a crucial aspect of any software system, including the Teachers

Record Management System (TRMS). Proper maintenance ensures that the
system continues to function effectively, remains secure, and adapts to evolving
needs. In the context of a project report, outlining the maintenance plan and
strategies is vital. Here's a detailed approach to maintaining TRMS:

1. Types of Maintenance:
a. Corrective Maintenance:
Address and fix any defects or issues reported by users or identified during regular
monitoring.

b. Adaptive Maintenance:
Modify the system to accommodate changes in the environment, hardware, or
software platforms.
43
c. Perfective Maintenance:
Enhance the system by adding new features or functionalities to meet evolving
user requirements and improve performance.

d. Preventive Maintenance:
Proactively identify and address potential issues to prevent future problems,
ensuring system stability and reliability.
2. Maintenance Procedures:
a. Regular Updates:
Regularly update the TRMS to incorporate security patches, bug fixes, and
performance enhancements.

b. Monitoring and Alerts:

Implement monitoring tools to continuously monitor the system's performance,
security, and availability. Set up alerts for critical thresholds to proactively
address issues.

c. Backup and Recovery:

Establish a robust backup and recovery strategy to ensure data integrity and
availability in case of system failures, cyber-attacks, or data loss.

d. Database Maintenance:
Regularly optimize and maintain the database to improve performance, reduce
fragmentation, and ensure data consistency.

e. Security Audits:
Conduct periodic security audits to identify vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the
system. Take appropriate measures to address the findings.

f. Documentation Updates:
Keep all system documentation, including user manuals and technical guides, up
to date with any changes in the system's functionalities and processes.

44
3. User Support and Training:
Offer ongoing user support to address queries, provide guidance, and assist users
in utilizing the system effectively.
Conduct regular training sessions to familiarize users with any new features,
updates, or changes in the system.

4. Change Management:
Implement a structured change management process to handle modifications or
updates to the system effectively, ensuring minimal disruption to users.

5. Performance Optimization:
Monitor system performance and conduct performance tuning to ensure optimal
speed and responsiveness, especially as the user base grows.

6. Scalability:
Ensure that the system can scale effectively to accommodate a growing number of
users, data, or transactions.

7. Compliance and Regulations:

Regularly review and update the system to ensure compliance with relevant laws,
regulations, and industry standards related to data privacy and security.

8. Feedback Collection and Analysis:

Collect feedback from users and stakeholders to identify areas for improvement
and prioritize future enhancements accordingly.

9. Vendor Coordination (if applicable):

If third-party components or libraries are used, coordinate with vendors to ensure
timely updates and patches are applied to these components.

45
 CHAPTER-8
SYSTEM TESTING
After all phase have been perfectly done, the system will be implemented to the server
and the system can be used.

8.1 SYSTEM TESTING:

The goal of the system testing process was to determine all faults in our project .The
program was subjected to a set of test inputs and many explanations were made and
based on these explanations it will be decided whether the program behaves as
expected or not. Our Project went through two levels of testing.

 Unit Testing: Unit testing is commenced when a unit has been created and
effectively reviewed .In order to test a single module we need to provide a
complete environment i.e. besides the section we would require

• The procedures belonging to other units that the unit under test calls
• Non local data structures that module accesses
• A procedure to call the functions of the unit under test with
appropriate parameters

Test for the admin module

• Testing admin login form: This form is used for log in of administrator of
the system. In this form we enter the username and password if both are
correct administration page will open otherwise if any of data is wrong it will
get redirected back to the login page and again ask the details.
• Report Generation: admin can generate report from the main database.

46
  Integration Testing: In the Integration testing we test various combination of
the project module by providing the input.

The primary objective is to test the module interfaces in order to confirm that no
errors are occurring when one module invokes the other module.

System testing for the Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) involves testing
the entire system as a whole to ensure that all components, functionalities, and
interactions work correctly in an integrated manner. Here's a more detailed approach
to system testing, including various test scenarios and test cases.

8.2 FUNCTIONAL TESTING

a. Dashboard:

Test Scenario 1: Display Subject Count

Test Case 1: Verify that the dashboard displays the correct count of subjects.

Test Scenario 2: Display Teacher Count

Test Case 2: Verify that the dashboard displays the correct count of teachers.

b. Subjects Management:

Test Scenario 3: Add Subject

Test Case 3: Add a new subject and verify that it appears in the subjects list.

Test Scenario 4: Update Subject

Test Case 4: Update an existing subject and verify that the changes are saved.

c. Teachers Management:

Test Scenario 5: Add Teacher

Test Case 5: Add a new teacher and verify that the teacher is added to the system.

Test Scenario 6: Update Teacher Details

Test Case 6: Update the details of an existing teacher and verify that the changes are
saved.

d. Search:

47
Test Scenario 7: Search for Teacher by Name

Test Case 7: Search for a teacher by name and verify that the correct teacher is
displayed.

e. Report:

Test Scenario 8: Generate Teacher Count Report

Test Case 8: Generate a report for teacher counts and verify that it provides accurate
information.

8.3 USER TESTING MODULE

a. Dashboard:

Test Scenario 9: Teacher Welcome Page

Test Case 9: Verify that the teacher is directed to the correct dashboard upon login.

b. Queries:

Test Scenario 10: View Queries

Test Case 10: Ensure that teachers can view queries raised by users and the
information is accurate.

8.4 SECURITY TESTING

Test Scenario 11: Password Encryption

Test Case 11: Verify that passwords are stored securely using encryption.

8.5 PERFORMANCE TESTING

Test Scenario 12: System Responsiveness

Test Case 12: Test the system's response time for critical functionalities and ensure
they meet acceptable performance standards.

8.6 INTEGRATION TESTING

Test Scenario 13: Integration of Modules

Test Case 13: Verify that different modules (Admin, Teacher, User) interact smoothly
and share data accurately.

48
8.7 User Acceptance Testing (UAT):

Test Scenario 14: End-User Acceptance

Test Case 14: Conduct UAT with actual users (admins, teachers, and users) to verify
if the system meets their requirements and expectations.

8.8 Error Handling Testing:

Test Scenario 15: Invalid Input

Test Case 15: Test the system's behavior when invalid input is provided and ensure
appropriate error messages are displayed.

8.9 Recovery Testing:

Test Scenario 16: Password Recovery

Test Case 16: Verify that the password recovery mechanism works correctly and
allows users to reset their passwords.

8.10 Compatibility Testing:

Test Scenario 17: Cross-Browser Compatibility

Test Case 17: Test the application on various browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari,
Edge) to ensure it functions correctly on all.

8.11 Logout Testing:

Test Scenario 18: Logout Functionality

Test Case 18: Verify that users are successfully logged out, and they can't access
restricted pages after logout.

Conclusion:

System testing is critical for ensuring that the TRMS functions as expected and meets
all specified requirements. Documenting and executing these test scenarios and test
cases will help in identifying and resolving any issues before the system is deployed,
ensuring a reliable and efficient Teachers Record Management System.

49
 CHAPTER-9
SECURITY MEASURES
Implementing comprehensive security measures for the Teachers Record
Management System (TRMS) is crucial to protect the integrity, confidentiality,
and availability of the system and its data. Let's outline detailed security measures
covering aspects like data protection, authentication, authorization, secure coding,
and more.
9.1 DATA PROTECTION
 Encryption:
In-Transit Encryption:
Use HTTPS to encrypt data transmitted between the client and the server,
ensuring that data remains confidential during communication.
At-Rest Encryption:
Encrypt sensitive data (e.g., passwords) stored in the database using strong
encryption algorithms.

 Sensitive Data Handling:

Password Security:
Store passwords securely using strong cryptographic hashing functions (e.g.,
bcrypt, Argon2) with a unique salt for each password.
Personal Identifiable Information (PII):
Minimize the storage of unnecessary PII, and when storing, anonymize or
pseudonymize data to reduce the risk in case of a breach.

9.2 AUTHENTICATION AND AUTHORIZATION

 Authentication:
Strong Password Policies:

50
 Enforce strong password policies, including complexity, length, and regular
password changes.
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA):
Implement MFA to add an additional layer of security during login.

 Authorization:
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC):
Implement RBAC to ensure that users have the appropriate permissions based on
their roles.

9.3 SECURITY CODING PRACTICES

 Input Validation:
Implement thorough input validation to prevent SQL injection, cross-site
scripting (XSS), and other injection attacks. Validate and sanitize all user
inputs to ensure they meet expected criteria.

 Output Encoding:
Encode user-generated content to prevent XSS attacks. Use parameterized
queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks by separating
SQL code from user input.

 Secure APIs:
Use secure APIs with proper authentication, authorization, and rate limiting to
prevent abuse and ensure data integrity. Do not hardcode sensitive information
such as passwords or API keys within the code. Use environment variables or
a secure configuration management approach.

9.4 SESSION MANAGEMENT

 Session Timeout:
Set short session timeouts to reduce the risk of unauthorized access due to
inactive sessions. Implement session timeouts to automatically log users out
after a period of inactivity, reducing the risk of unauthorized access.

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 Secure Session Storage:
Ensure that session tokens are securely generated, unique, and not predictable.
Use secure cookies and implement mechanisms to protect against session
fixation and session hijacking. Store session tokens securely, and do not
expose them in the URL. Use secure, HttpOnly, and SameSite cookies.

9.5 SECURITY HEADERS

 Content Security Policy (CSP):
Implement CSP headers to prevent cross-site scripting attacks by restricting
the sources from which content can be loaded.

 HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS):

Enable HSTS to ensure that the application is accessed over HTTPS only.

9.6 ERROR HANDLING

 Custom Error Pages:
Display custom error pages to the users and log detailed error information for
internal use, avoiding exposing sensitive data.

9.7 FILE UPLOAD SECURITY

 File Type Validation:
Validate file types before allowing upload to prevent malicious file uploads.

 Secure File Storage:

Store uploaded files in a secure directory and limit access to authorized users.

9.8 LOGGING AND MONITORING

 Security Logging:
Implement comprehensive logging for security events and incidents. Log and
monitor login attempts, access to sensitive data, and critical actions.

 Regular Log Reviews:

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 Regularly review and analyze logs to detect suspicious activities and security
threats.

 Penetration Testing and Vulnerability Assessment:

Conduct regular penetration testing and vulnerability assessments to identify
and remediate security weaknesses and vulnerabilities in the application.
 Incident Response Plan:
Develop a comprehensive incident response plan to handle security incidents
effectively, including communication strategies and escalation procedures.

 Security Training and Awareness:

Conduct regular security training and awareness programs for all stakeholders
to educate them about security best practices, phishing awareness, and incident
reporting.

 Third-Party Security:
Third-Party Audits:
Conduct security audits of third-party components and services used in the
application to ensure they meet security standards.

 Security Assessments:
Perform due diligence before integrating third-party libraries, frameworks, or
APIs to assess their security and credibility.

 Compliance and Regulations:

Ensure compliance with relevant regulations and standards (e.g., GDPR,
HIPAA) to protect user privacy and sensitive data.
Conclusion:
By implementing these security measures, the TRMS project can significantly
enhance its security posture, safeguarding user data and ensuring the integrity
and confidentiality of the application. Security should be an ongoing process,
with regular updates, testing, and adaptation to new threats and vulnerabilities.

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 CHAPTER-10
PROJECT MODULES
The Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) is a web-based application
meticulously designed to streamline the organization and management of teacher
records within educational institutions.
This system comprises two pivotal modules: the Admin module and the Users
module, each tailored to cater to distinct user needs. The Admin module embodies
a robust administrative interface, empowering administrators with comprehensive
control over system functionalities, thereby facilitating efficient oversight, data
management, and reporting. Within this module, the admin is greeted by an
intuitive dashboard, offering a concise snapshot of the total number of subjects
and teachers. The Subjects section within the admin module allows for the
meticulous management of subjects, encompassing capabilities to add and update
subjects as needed.
Additionally, the Teachers section empowers administrators to seamlessly add
new teachers to the system and meticulously manage the details of existing ones.
A fundamental search functionality allows administrators to effortlessly navigate
and find teachers using their names.
The Report section provides a vital tool for data analysis, enabling administrators
to view the number of teachers added during specific periods, aiding in informed
decision-making. Moreover, the Profile and Change Password features furnish the
admin with the ability to update their profile information and modify their login
credentials securely. The Logout and Forgot Password functionalities ensure a
smooth and secure user experience, allowing for the seamless conclusion of
sessions and enabling password reset functionality through registered email IDs
and contact numbers.

54
The Teachers Record Management System (TRMS) is a comprehensive web-
based application meticulously designed to enhance the organization and
management of teacher records within educational institutions. It consists of two
fundamental modules: the Admin module and the Users module, each tailored to
meet distinct user needs and contribute to the efficient functioning of the system.

12.1 ADMIN MODULE

The Admin module serves as the nerve center of the TRMS, granting
administrators full control over the system's functionalities, enabling effective
oversight, seamless data management, and insightful reporting.

 Dashboard:
The dashboard provides a succinct overview, enabling the admin to view the
total number of subjects and teachers at a glance, allowing for quick
assessment of the system's scope.

 Subjects Management:
This section empowers the admin to manage subjects efficiently by adding
new subjects and updating existing ones. Subjects are fundamental entities
within the educational framework, and this feature ensures their accurate
representation within the system.

 Teachers Management:
In this segment, administrators can seamlessly add new teachers and manage
the details of existing ones. This functionality ensures that teacher records are
up to date and reflective of the dynamic educational landscape.

 Search:
The search functionality allows the admin to quickly locate teachers by using
their names, enhancing navigational efficiency within the system.

 Report Generation:

55
 This feature enables the generation of insightful reports showcasing the
number of teachers added during specific periods. These reports provide
valuable data for analysis and informed decision-making.

 Profile Management:
Admins can update their profiles in this section, ensuring that their
information is current and accurate.

 Change Password:
Admins can change their passwords securely in this section, enhancing the
overall system's security.

 Logout:
The 'Logout' button allows the admin to securely end their session, ensuring
unauthorized access is prevented.

 Forgot Password:
In the event of a forgotten password, this feature enables the admin to reset
their password using their registered email id and contact number.

12.2 TEACHER MODULE

The Teacher module is dedicated to providing an intuitive interface for teachers,
allowing them to effectively manage their activities and interactions within the
system.

 Dashboard:
The dashboard serves as the welcoming page for teachers, offering a central
hub for their activities within the system.

 Queries:
In this section, teachers can view queries raised by users, promoting effective
communication and collaboration within the educational community.

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  Profile Management:
Teachers can update their profiles, ensuring that their information is current
and reflective of their professional status.

 Change Password:
Teachers can securely change their passwords within this section, enhancing
the overall security of their accounts.

 Logout:
Similar to the admin module, the 'Logout' button allows teachers to securely
end their sessions. Crucially, the system leverages MD5 encryption, a widely
recognized cryptographic hash function, to bolster security. The use of MD5
encryption fortifies password security and enhances the overall robustness of
the system. By carefully architecting these modules and incorporating MD5
encryption, the TRMS stands as a testament to thoughtful design and an
unwavering commitment to efficiency, security, and user-centricity.

12.3 USER
The Users module is designed to cater to the needs of students, parents, and various
stakeholders within the educational ecosystem. In contrast, the Users module is
engineered to cater to the needs of students, parents, and various stakeholders within
the educational ecosystem.
The Users module embraces a user-friendly interface, focusing on simplicity and
effectiveness. For teachers, the module offers a welcoming dashboard, providing a
central hub for their activities within the system. The Queries section is instrumental
in allowing teachers to view and address queries raised by users, promoting effective
communication and collaboration.
A seamless Profile and Change Password functionality empower teachers to keep
their profiles up to date and modify their login credentials in a secure and
straightforward manner. The Logout feature ensures a clean and secure end to the
user's session, enhancing system security. Complementing this, the Users module
extends its capabilities to the general users of the system, facilitating easy teacher
searches based on subject names and enabling the raising of queries that are promptly

57
visible to teachers. This inclusive approach ensures that all stakeholders have access
to relevant information and functionalities within the TRMS.

 Teacher Search:
Users can search for teachers by entering subject names, providing a simple
and effective tool to find relevant educators.

 Query Submission:
Users can raise queries, which are then visible to teachers, promoting
communication and addressing concerns effectively.

In summary, the TRMS, through its Admin and Users modules, provides a
powerful platform to enhance educational management, streamline
communication, and support the vital relationship between educators, students,
parents, and the educational institution itself. The careful integration of features
and the utilization of MD5 encryption ensure a secure, efficient, and user-friendly
system

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 CHAPTER-11
PROJECT SCREENSHOTS
Home Page:

59
About Us:

60
Contact Us

Listed Teachers:

61
Teacher Detail:

Admin Login:

62
Dashboard:

Admin Profile
63
Change Password:

Add Subjects

64
Manage Subjects

Update Subjects:

65
Add Teachers:

Manage Teachers:

66
Update Teachers Information:

View Queries:

View details of queries:

67
Search Teachers:

Between Dates Reports:

View Between dates reports:

68
Forgot Password:

:
Teacher Panel:
Signup:

Login

69
Dashboard:

Manage Queries:

View Queries

70
Profile:

Change Password:

Forgot Password:

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CHAPTER-10

72
 FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
CONCLUSION
This Application provides an online version of Teacher Record Management
System which will benefit the school who want to maintain records of teacher and
also help to person who search teacher according to his/her requirement.
It makes entire process online and can generate reports. The Application was
designed in such a way that future changes can be done easily. The following
conclusions can be deduced from the development of the project.
• Automation of the entire system improves the productivity.
• It gives appropriate access to the authorized users depending on their
permissions.
• It effectively overcomes the delay in communications.
• Updating of information becomes so easier.
• System security, data security and reliability are the striking features.
• The System has adequate scope for modification in future if it is necessary.

FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The future scope of a Teacher Record Management System (TRMS) holds
immense potential for revolutionizing educational administrative processes and
improving educational outcomes. As education continues to evolve and embrace
digital transformation, TRMS can incorporate cutting-edge technologies such as
artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to provide predictive analytics for
optimizing teacher-student interactions and resource allocation. Furthermore, the
utilization of big data analytics can offer valuable insights into teaching
methodologies and student performance trends, enabling data-driven decision-
making for educators and administrators. The system could also expand to include
features like automated lesson planning, smart scheduling, and real-time
collaboration tools, transforming the teaching and learning experience. Ultimately,
the future of TRMS lies in leveraging innovative technologies to enhance
efficiency, effectiveness, and overall quality in the realm of education.

CHAPTER-12

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 REFERENCES
For PHP
•https://www.w3schools.com/php/default.asp
•https://www.sitepoint.com/php/
•https://www.php.net/

For MySQL
•https://www.mysql.com/
•http://www.mysqltutorial.org

For XAMPP
•https://www.apachefriends.org/download.html

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