LATIHAN STS GENAP 2023-2024

1. 5𝑥+1 − 5𝑥 = 100 ; 𝑥 =?
(A) 3
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) 4
(E) 5
Jawab
• 5 ⋅ 5𝑥 − 5𝑥 = 100; 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑙 5𝑥 = 𝑝
• 5𝑝 − 𝑝 = 100
• 4𝑝 = 100 ⇒ 𝑝 = 25
• 5𝑥 = 25 = 5𝑥
• 𝑥=2
• (C)
3
2. √( 𝑎𝑏 ) 2
Bentuk sederhana dari =?
𝑎 𝑏2
𝑎
(A) 𝑏
1 4
(B) 𝑎− 3 ⋅ 𝑏 −3
𝑏
(C)
𝑎
(D) 3√ 𝑎𝑏
𝑏
(E) √𝑎

2
2 2 1 4
( 𝑎𝑏 ) 3
• = 𝑎 3 −1 ⋅ 𝑏 3 −2 = 𝑎 −3 ⋅ 𝑏−3
𝑎𝑏 2
• (B)

3.
1−𝑥
1 𝑥−2
4 =( ) ; 𝑥 =? ?
8
(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 6
(D) 2
(E) 0
• 22(1−𝑥) = 2−3 (𝑥−2)
• 2 − 2𝑥 = −3𝑥 + 6
• 𝑥=4
• (A)

4. 4𝑥 − 2𝑥 +1 + 3 = 2; 𝑥 =?
(A) 0
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 1
• ( 22 ) 𝑥 − 2 ⋅ 2𝑥 + 3 = 2
• ( 2𝑥 ) 2 − 2 ⋅ 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
• Misal 2𝑥 = 𝑚
 • 𝑚2 − 2𝑚 + 1 = 0
• ( 𝑚 − 1) 2 = 0
• 𝑚 = 1 = 2𝑥 = 20 ⇒ 𝑥 = 0
• (A)

5. Sebuah unsur radio akif menyusut 50% massanya dari massa sebelumnya dalam 1 tahun.
Jika masa yang tersisa adalah 12.5% dari kondisi awal, berapa tahun unsur tersebut telah
tersimpan?
(A) 1 tahun
(B) 2 tahun
(C) 3 tahun
(D) 4 tahun
(E) 5 tahun
1 𝑡
• 12.5% ⋅ 𝑀𝑜 = 𝑀𝑜 ( )
2
125
• = (2 −1 ) 𝑡
=2 −𝑡
1000
1
• = 2−3 = 2−𝑡
8
• −𝑡 = −3 ⇒ 𝑡 = 3
• (C)

6. 5
2−𝑥 + 2𝑥 = ⇒ 𝑥 =? ?
2
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 1
(E) 0
1
• 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑙 2𝑥 = 𝑝 ⇒ (2𝑥 )−1 = 𝑝 −1 = 𝑝
1 5
• +𝑝 =
𝑝 2
• Kalikan semua ruas dengan 2𝑝
• 2 + 2𝑝 2 = 5𝑝
• 2𝑝 2 − 5𝑝 + 2 = 0
• (2𝑝 − 1)(𝑝 − 2) = 0
1
• 𝑝 = 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑢 𝑝 = 2
2
• 2𝑥 = 2−1 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑢 2𝑥 = 21
𝑥 = −1 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑢 𝑥 = 1
(D)

7. Jika 2−𝑥 > − 𝜋 maka daerah nilai x yang memenuhi adalah :

(A) Tidak ada solusi yang memenuhi
(B) Berlaku untuk semua x bilangan real
(C) 𝑥 < −1
(D) 𝑥 ≥ 1
(E) Salah soal
• Semua bentuk perpangkatan 2 tak ada yang bernilai negatif jadi pasti positif dan lebih
besar dari −𝜋
• (B)

8. 1 𝑥 1 2−𝑥
Jika (2 ) ≤ (8 ) maka nilai interval x yang memenuhi adalah?
 3
(A) 𝑥 >
2
3
(B) 𝑥 ≥ 2
3
(C) 𝑥 < 2
3
(D) 𝑥 ≤
2
(E) Tidak ada jawaban yang benar
• 2−𝑥 = 2−3(2−𝑥)
• −𝑥 ≤ −6 + 3𝑥
3
• 4𝑥 ≥ 6 ⇒ 𝑥 ≥ 2
• (B)

9.

3 2 1
−
(62 ) 2 ⋅(53 )3 6−3 ⋅52 ⋅25 25
• 1 1 = = 216
= − 216
( 53 ) 3 −( 62 ) 2 5−6 −1

• (B)

10.

• 250.25𝑛 = 125 = 53
𝑛
• 52⋅ 4 = 125 = 53
𝑛
• =3⇒𝑛=6
2
• (𝑛 − 3)(𝑛 + 2) = 3 ⋅ 8 = 24
• (A)
11.

3(𝑥+5)
• 32𝑥+3 = 3 3
3( 𝑥+5)
• 2𝑥 + 3 =
3
• 2𝑥 + 3 = 𝑥 + 5
• 𝑥=2
• (E)

12.

log 𝑥 log 𝑥 1
• 𝑎= = = log 2 𝑥
log 4 2 log 2 2
• 𝑏 = log 2 𝑥
1
• 𝑎 = 2𝑏
log 𝑏 log 𝑎 log 𝑏 log 𝑎 1
• + log 2 = + log 2 = 2 log 2 𝑏 + log 2 𝑎=2
log 4 2 log 2
• log 2 𝑎√𝑏 = 2
• 𝑎√ 𝑏 = 2 2 = 4
• 𝑎2 𝑏 = 16 ⇒ 2𝑎3 = 16 ⇒ 𝑎3 = 8 ⇒ 𝑎 = 2 ⇒ 𝑏 = 4
• 𝑎 +𝑏 = 2 +4 = 6
• (B)

13.

log 𝑤 1 log 𝑤
• = 2 ⇒ log 𝑥 = 1 = 2 log 𝑤
log 𝑥
2
log 𝑤 log 𝑤 2
• = =
log 𝑥𝑦 log 𝑥+log 𝑦 5
log 𝑤 log 𝑤 2
• = =
log 𝑥𝑦 2 log 𝑤+log 𝑦 5
• 2(2 log 𝑤 + log 𝑦) = 5 log 𝑤
• 4 log 𝑤 + 2 log 𝑦 = 5 log 𝑤
• log 𝑤 = 2 log 𝑦
 log 𝑤
• = log 𝑦 𝑤=2
log 𝑦
• (D)

14.

(A) 4
(B) 8
(C) 16
(D) 32
(E) 162
log3 𝑥⋅log6 𝑥⋅log9 𝑥 log3 ⋅log6 𝑥+log3 𝑥⋅log9 𝑥+log6 𝑥⋅log9 𝑥
• =
log3 𝑥⋅log6 𝑥⋅log9 𝑥 log3 𝑥⋅log6 𝑥⋅log9 𝑥
1 1 1 log 9+log 6+log 3 log 162
• 1= + + = =
log9 𝑥 log6 𝑥 log3 𝑥 log 𝑥 log 𝑥
• log 𝑥 = log 1 62
• (E)

15.

• 𝑅 = log 𝑎2 = 2 log 𝑎 ; 2𝜋𝑅 = log 𝑏4 = 4 log 𝑏

• 2𝜋 ⋅ 2 log 𝑎 = 4 log 𝑏
• 𝜋 log 𝑎 = log 𝑏
log 𝑏
• log 𝑎 𝑏= =𝜋
log 𝑎
• (C)

16.

( log5 10+log5 2)( log5 10−log5 2) log5 20⋅log5 5

• 1 = 1 = 2 ⋅ log 5 5=2⋅1=2
log5 20 log5 20
2 2
• (C)
17.

• log 2 (log 3 (log 5 𝑎)) = 0 ⇒ log 3 (log 5 𝑎) = 1 ⇒ log 5 𝑎 = 3 ⇒ 𝑎 = 53 =

125
• log 3 (log 5 (log 2 𝑎)) = 0 ⇒ log 5 (log 2 𝑎) = 1 ⇒ log 2 𝑎 = 5 ⇒ 𝑎 = 25 =
32
• log 5 (log 2 (log 3 𝑎)) = 0 ⇒ log 2 (log 3 𝑎) = 1 ⇒ log 3 𝑎 = 2 ⇒ 𝑎 = 32 = 9
• 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 125 + 32 + 9 = 125 + 41 = 166
• (C)

18.

log2 5⋅log6 5 log 5⋅log6 5 log 3 log 2 log 6

• + log3 = + log 6 = =1
log2 5⋅log3 5 2 5⋅log3 5 log 6 log 6
• (B)

19.

• 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 24 = 16
2(√𝑎 −√𝑏)+2(√𝑎 +√𝑏 ) 2√𝑎
• log 4 ( ( 𝑎 −𝑏 )
) = log 4 ( 16 ) = log 4 4 + log 4 √ 𝑎 − log 4 16
1 log 𝑎 2 log 4
• = 1 + 2 ⋅ 2 log 2 − log 4
1 1 log2 𝑎 −4
• = 1 + log 2 𝑎 − 2 = log 2 𝑎 −1 =
4 4 4
• (A)
20.

• log 3 (𝑥 + 1) = 2 ⇒ 𝑥 + 1 = 32 = 9 ⇒ 𝑥 1 = 9 − 1 = 8
1 8
• log 3 (𝑥 + 1) = −2 ⇒ 𝑥 + 1 = 3−2 = ⇒ 𝑥 2 = −
9 9
8 64
• 𝑥 1 𝑥 2 = 8 ⋅ (− 9 ) = − 9
• (D)

21.

1 3 15
• 35⋅ 3 ⋅5 = 315 = 31 = 3
• (B)
22.

1 3
• 34⋅ 4 ⋅ 22⋅2 = 3 ⋅ 23 = 3 ⋅ 8 = 24
• (D)

23.

• (2018 − 2017)2 = 20182 + 20172 − 2 ⋅ 2018 ⋅ 2017

• (2018 + 2017)2 = 20182 + 20172 + 2 ⋅ 2018 ⋅ 2017
• --------------------------------------------------------------- +
• (2018 − 2017)2 + (2018 + 2017)2 = 2 ⋅ 20182 +⋅ 20172 + 2 = 2(20182 +
20172 )
2(2018 2 +2017 2 )
• ( 2018 2 +2017 2 )
=2
• (B)
24.

20√2−25 20 √2−25 4√2−5

• 𝑟= = 30 √2−20 =
20−40+30√2 6√2−4
(4√2−5)(6√2+4) 48−20−14 √2 28 −14√2 2−√2
• 𝑟= = = =
72−16 56 56 4
• 4𝑟 = 2 − √ 2
• 4𝑟 − 2 = 2 − √ 2 − 2 = −√ 2
2
• (4𝑟 − 2)2 = (−√ 2) = 2
• (D)

25.

2+√3
• 4 4
√𝑎 + √9 = 4−3
= 2 + √3
2+√3
• 4 4
√ 𝑎 + √ 32 = 4−3
= 2 + √3
• 4
√𝑎 + √3 = 2 + √3
1 1 4
• 𝑎4 = 2 ⇒ (𝑎4 ) = 𝑎 = 24 = 16
• (E)

26.

2 2
√41 +4 (√41 +4) (√41+4)
• = =
√41 −4 41−16 25
2
(√41 +4)
√√41 +4 = √ √41+4
• =
√41 −4 25 5
2 2
√41 −4 (√41 −4) (√41−4) √41−4
• = ⇒ √ 25 = 5
√41 +4 25
√41 +4 √41 −4 √41+4−√41 +4 8
• − = =5
5 5 5
 • (D)

27.

8 1 8 2 8−2√15
• − 2√ = − =
15 15 15 √15 15
2
• (𝑎√5 − 𝑏√3) = 8 − 2√ 15
• 5𝑎2 + 3𝑏2 = 8 ⇒ 𝑎2 = 1 ⇒ 𝑎 = 1; 𝑏2 = 1 ⇒ 𝑏 = 1
2
8−2√15 (√5−√3)
• =
15 15
2
8−2√15 (√5−√3) √5 √3 1 1
• =√ = − = −
15 15 √15 √15 √3 √5
• (B)

28.

• log 7 (log 3 (log 2 𝑥 )) = 0 ⇒ log 3 (log 2 𝑥 ) = 70 = 1 ⇒ log 2 𝑥 = 31 = 3 ⇒

𝑥 = 23 = 8
• 2 ⋅ 8 + log 4 82 = 16 + log 4 64 = 16 + 3 = 19
• (C)

29.

𝑥
• 𝑥𝑦 ⋅ 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑦 ⋅ 𝑥 5𝑦 = 𝑥 2
1
• 6𝑦 = 2 ⇒ 𝑦 = 3
5 2 3
1
• 𝑥 = 3 ⋅ 𝑥 ⇒ 3 = 𝑥 3 ⇒ 𝑥 = 32
3

3 2
1
• 𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 = (32 ) + 3 ⋅ = 27 + 1 = 28
3
• (B)
30.

• 4𝑦+3𝑥 = 64 = 43 ⇒ 𝑦 + 3𝑥 = 3 ⇒ 𝑦 = 3 − 3𝑥
• log 𝑥 (𝑥 + 12) − log 𝑥 64 = −1
𝑥+12 𝑥+12 1
• log 𝑥 ( 64 ) = −1 ⇒ 64 = 𝑥 ; 𝑥 ≠ 1; 𝑥 > 0
• 𝑥 (𝑥 + 12) = 64
• 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 64 = 0
• (𝑥 + 16)(𝑥 − 4) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 4
• 𝑦 = 3 − 3𝑥 = 3 − 12 = −9
• 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 4 − 18 = −14
• (D)

31.

𝑎 1 1
• log (𝑏2 √ 𝑐) = log 𝑎 − 2 log 𝑏 + 2 log 𝑐 = 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 2 𝑧
• (D)

32.

• 𝑓(5) ⇒ 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 1 = 5
• 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 4 = 0
• (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 − 1) = 0
• 𝑥 = −4 ⇒ 2(−4)3 − (−4)2 + 7 = 2(−64) − 16 + 27 < 0
• 𝑥 = 1 ⇒ 2 − 1 + 7 = 8 > 0 (𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑢ℎ𝑖 𝑠𝑦𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑡)
• log 2 8 = 3 log 2 2 = 3 ⋅ 1 = 3
• (C)
33.

log 𝑎
• = −2 ⇒ log 𝑎 = −2 log 𝑏
log 𝑏
log 𝑏 log 2 log 2 log 4𝑎
• = ( + )
log 3 log 3 log 2 log 2
• log 𝑏 = log 2 + log 4 𝑎 = log 8 𝑎
• log 𝑏 = log 8 + log 𝑎 = log 8 − 2 log 𝑏
• 3 log 𝑏 = log 8 = 3 log 2 ⇒ 𝑏 = 2
1 1
• log 𝑎 = −2 log 𝑏 ⇒ 𝑎 = 𝑏−2 = 2 =
𝑏 4
1
• 4⋅4 +2 = 3
• (E)

34.

• √𝑥√𝑦√𝑥 √𝑦. . = 𝑝

• 𝑥 √𝑦√𝑥 √𝑦. . = 𝑝 2

• 𝑥 2 𝑦√𝑥 √𝑦. . = 𝑝 4
• 𝑥 2 𝑦 ⋅ 𝑝 = 𝑝 4 ⇒ 𝑝 3 = 𝑦𝑥 2
2 1
• 𝑝 = 𝑥 3 ⋅ 𝑦3
1
1
2 1 2 1
• (log 𝑝)2 = ( log 𝑥 + log 𝑦)2 = √ ⋅ 6 + ⋅ 12 = √ 4 + 4 = 2√ 2
3 3 3 3
• (E)

35.

1 7
• log 2 𝑥 − 4 log 𝑥 2 = 6 − 3 log 𝑥 2
2
1
• log 2 𝑥 = 𝑝 ⇒ log 𝑥 2=𝑝
 𝑝 4 7 3
• − = −
2 𝑝 6 𝑝
• Kalikan semua ruas dengan 6𝑝
• 3𝑝 2 − 24 = 7𝑝 − 18
• 3𝑝 2 − 7𝑝 − 6 = 0
• (3𝑝 + 2)(𝑝 − 3)
2
• 𝑝 = − 3 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑢 𝑝 = 3
2
• log 2 𝑥 = − 3 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑢 log 2 𝑥 =3
2
−
• 𝑥1 = 2 3 ; 𝑥 2 = 23
3 3
• 𝑥 1 𝑥 2 = 2−2 ⋅ 23 = 22 = 2√ 2
• (C)

ESSAY
1)

Jawab
347 (33 +3) 27+3 30
• = = =3
347 ( 32 +1) 9+1 10

2)

Jawab
• (𝑥 + 1) log 2 = (2 − 3𝑥 ) log 3
• (𝑥 + 1)𝑝 = (2 − 3𝑥 )𝑞
• 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑝 = 2𝑞 − 3𝑥𝑞
• 𝑝𝑥 + 3𝑥𝑞 = 2𝑞 − 𝑝
2𝑞 −𝑝
• 𝑥= 3𝑞 +𝑝
2𝑞−𝑝+3𝑞 +𝑝 5𝑞
• 𝑥 +1 = = 3𝑞 +𝑝
3𝑞+𝑝

3)

Jawab
1 3
• (52 )2 ⋅ (24 )4 = 5 ⋅ 23 = 40
4)

Jawab :
log 𝑏 log 𝑐 log 𝑎
• (− log 𝑎) (− log 𝑏) (− log 𝑐 ) = (−1)(−1)(−1) = −1

5)

Jawab
1 (2+√3)
• 2−𝑥 = = = 2 + √3
2−√3 4−3
1 −1
• 2𝑥 = = (2 + √ 3)
2+√3
−2
• (2𝑥 )2 = (22 )𝑥 = 4𝑥 = (2 + √ 3)
−2
log 4𝑥 log(2+√3) ( −2) log(2+√3)
• = = = −2
log(2+√3) log(2+√3) log(2+√3)