NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

01-PROGESSIVE WAVE EQUATION – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1. A sinusoidal wave is propagating along a stretched string that lies along the x  axis. The
displacement of the string as a function of times is graphed in figure for particles at x  0 and
x  0.09 m. These two points are within one wave length of each other. The speed of the wave, if
3
the wave is moving in positive x  direction is [Take sin 1    0.589 radian]
4

1) 3 ms 1 2) 3.8 ms 1 3) 9.1 ms 1 4) 2.2 ms 1

(2)
Let the wave equation is y  A sin t  kx  .
At the given instant particle at x  0.09 m is moving towards mean position from positive
3
extreme. i.e. , 3  4 sin t  kx    t  kx  sin 1    0.589 rad.
4
 its phase is   0.589 rad . At the given instant particle at x  0 is at mean position and is
moving towards positive extreme.
 its phase is 0 or 2 rad or 4 rad etc. As wave is moving along positive x-direction its phase
is more than that at x  0.09m and as these are within one wave length range phase of particle
x  0 should be 2 rad.
 Phase difference between the particles   2    0.589    0.589  3.729 rad
3.729  2  T 6.28 0.04
  k x  k  . Wave velocity v     3.79ms 1
0.09 k k 3.729 0.09
2. For four sine waves, moving on n siring along positive X direction, displacement-distance curves
(y-x curves) arc shown at time t = 0. In the right List, expressions for y as function of distance X
and time t for sinusoidal waves are given. All terms in the equations have general meaning.
Correctly match y-x curves with corresponding equations,

89 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

(B)

MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

3. A wave pulse moving lo the right along the x-axis is represented by the wave function
2.0
y  x, t   2
, where x and y are in centimeters and t to in seconds. (The Maximum
 x  3.0 t   1
pulse height is defined as maximum displacement along y-axis). Then
A) The maximum pulse height is decreasing with time.
B) The maximum pulse height is constant with time
C) The speed of the pulse is 3.0 cm/s
D) The speed of the pulse Is 0.33 cm/s
(B,C)
4. Y(x, t) = 0.05 / [(4x + 2t)2 + 5] represents a moving wave pulse, where x and y are in meters and t
is in seconds. Then which statement(s) are correct:
A) pulse is moving in – x direction B) wave speed is 0.5 m/s
C) maximum particle displacement is 1 cm D) it is a symmetric pulse
(ABCD)
Pulse is moving in negative x-direction speed of wave is 0.5m/s. Amplitude of wave is 1 cm.
5.

(a, c, d)
6. The figures represent two snaps of a travelling wave on a string of mass per unit length,
1
  0.25kg / m . The two snaps are taken at time t = 0 and at t  s. Then
24

90 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

A) speed of wave is 4 m/s

B) the tension in the string is 4N
 
C) the equation of the wave is y = 10 sin   x  4 t  
 6

D) the maximum velocity of the particle = m / s
25
(ABCD) (Key Change: ABCD or ABD (Ambiguity on units))
Y  A sin  kx  t    must satisfy the conditions given in the problem

COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

Comprehension for Q.No. 7 to 9

A sinusoidal wave is propagating in negative x-direction in a string stretched along x-axis. A
particle of string at x = 2 cm is found at its mean position and it is moving in positive y-direction
at t = 1s. The amplitude of the wave, the wavelength and the angular frequency of the wave are
0.1 m, /4 m and and 4 rad/s, respectively.
7. The equation of the wave is
a) y = 0.1 sin (4(t – 1) + 8(x – 2)) b) y = 0.1 sin ((t – 1) – (x – 2))
c) y = 0.1 sin (4(t – 1) – 8(x – 2)) d) none of these
(a)
a. The equation of wave moving in negative x-direction, assuming origin of position at x = 2 and
origin of time (i.e., initial time) at t = 1 s.
y = 0.1 sin (4t + 8r)
Shifting the origin of position to left by 2 m, to x = 0. Also shifting the origin of time backwards
by 1 s, that is to t = 0 s.
y = 0.1 [4(t – 1) + 8(x – 2)]
8. The speed of particle at x = 2 m and t = 1 s is
a) 0.2 m/s b) 0.6 m/s c) 0.4 m/s d) 0
(c)
As given the panicle at x = 2 is at mean position at t = 1s.
 Its velocity v = A = 4 × 0.1 = 0.4 m/s.
9. The instantaneous power transfer through x = 2 m and t = 1.125 s is
a) 10 J/s b) 4/3J/s c) 2/3 J/s d) 0
(d)
2 2 1
d. Time period of oscillation T    s
 4 2
Hence at t = 1.125 s, that is, at T/4 seconds after t = 1 s, the particle is at rest at extreme position.
Hence instantaneous power at x = 2 at t = 1.125 s is zero.

91 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

10.

11. A wave pulse is travelling along +x direction on a string at 2 m/s. Displacement y (in cm) of the
particle at x = 0 at any time t is given by 2/(t2 + 1). Find
(i) Expression of the function y = (x, t). i.e., displacement of a particle at position x and time t.
(ii) Draw the shape of the pulse at t = 0 and t = 1 s.

92 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

12.

13.

14.

93 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
02- PROGRESSIVE WAVE ALONG STRECHED STRING – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1. The radius of cross-sectional area of a string AB varies from r1 to r2 uniformly. It is acted upon
by force T at both its ends as shown such that the forces are perpendicular to the cross-sectional
areas at A & B. The length and density (uniform) of the string are L and  respectively. If a
transverse wave is produced at end A then choose correct options. (Neglect gravity)

1) The tension in the string is non-uniform

2) The speed of the wave pulse increases as wave moves towards end B
3) The tension and the speed of wave pulse remains constant as wave moves from A to B
2 T
4) The speed of the wave pulse at the mid-point of string is
r1  r2 
(4)
T T r r
V  2
rm  1 2
 rm 2
2. A loop of rope of radius R is rotated about its vertical axis with an angular velocity . A kink is
developed in the rope. The speed of kink
1) w.r.t rope is R  2) w.r.t ground is R 
3) w.r.t ground must be zero 4) w.r.t ground must be 2R
(1)
T mr 2 m
rel  ,T  , 
 2 2 r
3. A wave pulse starts propagating in positive x-direction along a non-uniform wire of length 10m
with mass per unit length given m  m0   x and under a tension of 100N.The time taken by the
pulse to travel from the lighter end (x = 0) to the heavier end is (given m0  10 2 kgm 1 and
  9 10 3 kgm2 ) (in sec)
1) 4.66 2) 0.226 3) 7.133 4) 5.24
(2)
dx T
 
dt 
4.

(C)
The tension in the string at a distance x from the bottom is
T   gx  Mg   M   x  g
The speed of the pulse relative to the string is

94 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

v
T

 M   x g
 

5. The linear density of a wire varies liearly from 1 to  2 from left end to right end,and wire is kept
horizontally under uniform tension T. The time taken by a pulse to pass from left end to right end
is
2   2  1  2   2  1 
3/2 3/2 3/2
2 T   2  1  2   2  1 
1) 2) 3) 4)
3 T   2  1  3   3/2
2  1 
3/2
3 T  3/2
2  1 
3/2
3 T ( 2  1 )
(4)
T dx T
v  
 dt    
1  2 1 x
l
l d
l1    2  1  x
  dt   dx
0 0 Tl

95 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

6.

(BC)

INTEGERTYPE QUESTIONS

7.

(5)
  r1  r2 
t  l
T  2 
 10 4   5  15  3 2
  10  5  10
22
10 4  2 
7  25
8.

(6)

96 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

9. A transverse wave on a rope is given by

y(x, t) = (0.750cm) cos [(0.400 cm–1)x + (250 s–1)t]
(a) Find the amplitude, period, frequency, wavelength, and speed of propagation.
(b) Sketch the shape of the rope at these values of t: 0, 0.0005 s, 0.0010 s.
(c) Is the wave traveling in the +x – or – x – direction?
(d) The mass per unit length of the rope is 0.0500 kg/m. Find the tension.
(e) Find the average power of this wave.

10. Weightless Ant. An ant with mass m is standing peacefully on top of a horizontal, stretched rope.
The rope has mass per unit length  and is under tension F. Without warning. Cousin
Throckmorton starts a sinusoidal transverse wave of wavelength  propagating along the rope.

97 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
The motion of the rope is in a vertical plane. What minimum wave amplitude will make the ant
become momentarily weightless? Assume that m is so small that the presence of the ant has no
effect on the propagation of the wave.

11. CP You are exploring a newly discovered planet. The radius of the planet is 7.20 × 107 m. You
suspend a lead weight from the lower end of a light string that is 4.00 m long and has mass 0.0280
kg. You measure that it takes 0.0685 s for a transverse pulse to travel from the lower end to the
upper end of the string. On the earth, for the same string and lead weight, it takes 0.0390 s for a
transverse pulse to travel the length of the string. The weight of the string is small enough that you
ignore its effect on the tension in the string. Assuming that the mass of the planet is distributed
with spherical symmetry, what is its mass?

12. A deep-sea diver is suspended beneath the surface of Loch Ness by a 100-m-Iong cable that is
attached to a boat on the surface (Fig.). The diver and his suit have a total mass of 120 kg and a
volume of 0.0800 m3. The cable has a diameter of 2.00 cm and a linear mass density of  = 1.10
kg/m. The diver thinks he sees something moving in the murky depths and jerks the end of the
cable back and forth to send transverse waves up the cable as a signal to his companions in the
boat. (a) What is the tension in the cable at its lower end, where it is attached to the

98 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

99 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
13.

14. A load of 20 kg is suspended by a steel wire as shown in figure. Velocity of wave when rubbed
with a resined cloth along the length is 20 times the velocity of the wave in the same string when
it is plucked. Find the area of cross-section of the wire if Y for steel is 19.6 × 1010 N/m2 and
g = 9.8 m/s2.

[0.004 cm2]
15. A heavy ball is suspended from the ceiling of a motorcar through a light string. A transverse pulse
travels at a speed of 60 cm/s on the string when the car is at rest and 62 cm/s when the car
acceleration on a horizontal road. Find the acceleration of the car. Take g = 10 m/s2.
[3.7 m/s2]
16. A uniform circular hoop of string is rotating clockwise in the absence of gravity. The tangential
speed is v0. If a disturbance is created in the string in this state what is the speed of disturbance
along the string?
[ v0 ]

100 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
03- ENERGY, POWER AND INTENSITY OF PROGRESSIVE WAVE – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Sinusoidal waves 5.00cm in amplitude are to be transmitted along a string having a linear mass
density equal to 4.00 × 10–2 kg / m. If the source can deliver a maximum power of 90W and the
string is under a tension of 100N, then the highest frequency at winch the source can operate it. Is
(taken 2 =10)
1) 45.3 Hz 2) 50 Hz 3) 30 Hz 4) 62.3 Hz
(3)

2.

(D)

3. When two waves with same frequency and constant phase difference interfere,
1) There is a gain of energy
2) There is a loss of energy
3) The energy is redistributed and the distribution changes with time
4) The energy is redistributed and the distribution remains constant in time
(4)
Amplitude remains constant when frequencies are same and phase difference is constant
4. Two sound waves move along the same direction in the same medium. The pressure amplitudes
of both the waves are equal, but the wavelength of the first wave is three times that of the second.
If the average power transmitted through unit area by the first wave is W1 and that by the second
is W2 then.
1) W1  W2 2) W1  3W2 3) W2  3W1 4) W1  9W2
(1)
Power P2
I  0 = I  I1  I 2 W1  W2
Area 2v

101 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
5.

6. (A)

7. A transverse harmonic wave is propagating in uniform string in +ve x direction. Fig shows the
variation of acceleration of medium particles at t=0. Instantaneously

A) Kinetic energy of the small elements belonging to both ‘P’ and ‘Q’ is increasing
B) Strain energy of the small elements belonging to both ‘P’ and ‘Q’ is increasing
C) Energy of oscillation of a small element belonging to ‘P’ is increasing
D) Energy of oscillation of a small element belonging to ‘Q’ is increasing
(D)
8.

102 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
2 4 2 4 2 4 4
FA  FA  FA  FA
A) B) C) D)
2 2 a  2a 4 2 a 3 2 a
(C)

MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

9. As a wave propagates,
A) the wave intensity remains constant for a plane wave.
B) the wave intensity decrease as the inverse of the distance from the source for a spherical wave.
C) the wave intensity decreases as the inverse square of the distance from the source for spherical
wave.
D) total intensity of the spherical wave over the spherical surface remains constant at all times,
while source is at the centre of spherical surface.
(ACD)

INTEGERTYPE QUESTIONS

10. Sinusoidal waves 5.00 cm in amplitude are to be transmitted along a string having a linear mass
density equal to 4.00 × 10–2 kg/m. If the source can deliver a maximum power of 90\V and the
siring is under a tension of 100.N, then the highest frequency at which the source can operate it, is
'5n' then find the value of 'n' (taken 2= 10)
(6)

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

11.

103 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
04- PRINCIPLE OF SUPERIMPOSSION – MQ

COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

Paragraph for Questions 1 & 2

A sinusoidal pulse is generated at x  0 and t  0 on a string lying along X-axis. The Pulse is
travelling with a speed 1ms 1 . A rectangular pulse is generated at t  0 and is travelling in
opposite direction with speed 1ms 1 as shown in the figure.
Y  in mm 

1ms 1 1ms 1
10
X  in m 
2 4 6 8 1012 14 16 18

At t  0
1. The velocity of particle at x  4m and t  0s is…
  
A) Zero B) cms 1 C) cms 1 D) cms 1
6 2 4
(D)
y   A sin  t  kx  [At t  0, x  0 is moving down]
From the figure,   8 m and A  10mm
2   1  
k   m ,   kv   1  s 1
k 4 4 4
  
 y  10  10 3 sin  t  x 
4 4 
y 
    
 v p  10  103   cos  t  x 
t 4 4 4 
   
 
vp
at x 4 m, t 0 s
 102 cos   0   4
4 4 4 

 cm s 1 .
4
2. The displacement of the particle at x  9m and t  8s is…
3  2 1 
A) 2 cm B)
2
cm C)  2  1 cm D) 
 2  cm
 
(D)
Distance moved by each pulse in t  8s is s  8 1  8m

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Due to sinusoidal pulse
 y1 at x9m t 8s  10  103 sin  4  8  4  9 
2
   10 1
Or y1  102 sin     m  cm
 4 2 2

104 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
 y2 at x9m, t 8s  1cm
1 2 1
 y  y1  y2  1  cm .
2 2

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

3. A sensitive microphone with its receiving surface turned towards a long vertical wall is placed at a
distance of 2 m from the wall. A strong source of sound of500 Hz is placed between the wall and
microphone on the line perpendicular to the wall and passing through the position of microphone.
Find the position of the source where no sound will be heard in the microphone, (velocity of sound
in air = 350 m/s).
[at distances 0.175 m, 0.525 m. 0.875 m. 1.225 m, 1.575 m and 1.925 m from the wall.]

105 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
05- REFLECTION AND REFRACTION OF WAVE AT FREE BOUNDARY AND RIGID
BOUNDARY – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1. A travelling wave y  A sin  kx  t    passes from a heavier string to lighter string. The
reflected wave has amplitude 0.5A. The junction of the strings is at x = 0. The equation of the
reflected wave is
A) y '  0.5 A sin  kx  t    B) y '  0.5 A sin  kx  t   
C) y '  0.5 A sin t  kx    D) y '  0.5 A sin  kx  t   
D)
As wave has been reflected from a rarer medium, therefore there is no change in phase. Hence
equation for the opposite direction can be written as
y  0.5 A sin  kx  t     0.5 A sin  kx  t   
2. Two strings of linear mass densities  and 9 are stretched under same tension. A wave
travelling on the lighter string towards the heavier string gets partially reflected and transmitted
at the junction. Then fraction of incident wave energy getting transmitted to the heavier string is
1 1 3 9
1) 2) 3) 4)
4 2 4 16
(3)
At  Aiat
At
 at
Ai
2V2
at 
V1  V2
T T
V1  V2 
 9
T 2
2
9 1
 at   3 
T T 1 2
 1
 9 3
At 1

Ai 2
2
Et  At  1
  
Ei  Ai  4
rth
3
Energy getting transmitted
4
3. In a standing wave formed as a result of reflection from a surface, the ratio of the amplitude at an
antinode to that at node is x. The fraction of energy that is reflected is :
(A) [(x – 1) / x]2 (B) [x / (x + l)]2 (C) [(x – 1)/(x + 1)]2 (D) [l/x]2
[C]
If ai and ar denote the amplitudes of the incident and the reflected waves then the net amplitude at
the antinode is (ai + ar) and that at the node is (ai – ar). From this we get (ar / ai) = [(x – l)/(x + ])].
Note that the energy is proportional to square of the amplitude.

106 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

4. Interference of Triangular Pulses. Two triangular wave pulses are traveling toward each other on a
stretched string as shown in Fig. Each pulse is identical to the other and travels at 2.00 cm/s. The
leading edges of the pulses are 1.00 cm apart at t = 0. Sketch the shape of the string at t = 0.250 s, t
= 0.500 s, t = 0.750 s. t = 1.000 s. and t = 1.250 s.

Identify: Apply the principle of superposition.

Set Up: The net displacement is the algebraic sum of the displacements due to each pulse.
Execute: The shape of the string at each specified time is shown in Figure 15.32.
Evaluate: The pulses interfere when they overlap but resume their original shape after they have
completely passed through each other.

5. Suppose that the left-traveling pulse in Exercise 15.32 is below the level of the un-stretched string
instead of above it. Make the same sketches that you did in that exercise.
Identify: Apply the principle of superposition.
Set Up: The net displacement is the algebraic sum of the displacements due to each pulse.
Execute: The shape of the string at each specified time is shown in Figure 15.33.
Evaluate: The pulses interfere when they overlap but resume their original shape after they have
completely passed through each other.

107 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

6. Two pulses are moving in opposite directions at 1.0 cm/s on a taut string, as shown in Fig. Each
square is 1.0 cm. Sketch the shape of the string at the end of (a) 6.0 s; (b) 7.0 s; (c) 8.0 s.

Identify: Apply the principle of superposition.

Set Up: The net displacement is the algebraic sum of the displacements due to each pulse.
Execute: The shape of the string at each specified time is shown in Figure.
evaluate: The pulses interfere when they overlap but resume their original shape after they have
completely passed through each other.

108 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

7. Interference of Rectangular Pulses. Figure. shows two rectangular wave pulses on a stretched
string traveling toward each other. Each pulse is traveling with a speed of 1.00 mm/s and has the
height and width shown in the figure. If the leading edges of the pulses are 8.00 mm apart at t = 0,
sketch the shape of the string at t = 4.00 s, t = 6.00 s, and t = 10.0 s.

Identify: Apply the principle of superposition.

Set Up: The net displacement is the algebraic sum of the displacements due to each pulse.
execute: The shape of the string at each specified time is shown in Figure.
Evaluate: The pulses interfere when they overlap but resume their original shape after they have
completely passed through each other.

109 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
06- ST ANDING WAVE IN STRINGS (SONOMETER) – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1.

(B)

2.

(D)

110 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
3.

(D)
4. A Quarter section of a stationary acoustic wave between consecutive node A and anti-node B has
the graphic profile as shown in the diagram at two instants of time t = t1 and t = t2, where
T
t1  t2  T is the periodic time of the wave. The stationary wave is formed by the super position
2
of two identical waves consisting of triangular shaped pulses travelling in opposite directions.
Then the amplitude A and the wavelength  of each constituent wave are given by

a a
1) A  2a,   2b 2) A  ,   2b 3) A  ,   4b 4) A  2a,   4b
2 2
(3)
Since t1  t2  T / 2 , it is quarter section of a full wave   4b amplitude maximum at the anti-
node 2 A  a  A  a / 2
5. A string fixed at both the ends is vibrating in the lowest mode of vibration for which a point at
quarter of its length from one end is a point of maximum amplitude. The frequency of vibration in
this mode is 100 Hz. What will be the frequency emitted when it vibrates in the next mode such
that the point is again a point of maximum amplitude?
1) 400 Hz 2) 200 Hz 3) 600 Hz 4) 300 Hz
(4) In the first case

Point P is an antinode i,e the string is vibrating in its second harmonic. Let f0 be the fundamental
frequency. Then
2 f 0  100 Hz

111 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
 f0  50 Hz
Now P is an antinode (at length l / 4 from one end) so centre should be a node. So, next higher
frequency will be sixth harmonic or 6 f 0 which is equal to 300 Hz as shown below:

6. A uniform string clamped at both ends is vibrated at constant frequency f. Initially, its vibration
forms a standing wave with three antinodes. The tension in the string is gradually increased until
another standing wave mode appears. What is the ratio of final and initial tensions in the string?
Assume that the string maintains the same dimensions throughout the tightening and same
frequency.
4 3 16 9
A) B) C) D)
3 2 9 4
(D)
2 T2  3 T1
7. A string of length 'l' is fixed at both ends. It is vibrating in its 3rd overtone with maximum
amplitude 'a'. The amplitude at a distance l/3 from one end is
3a a
l) a 2) 0 3) 4)
2 2
(3)

8. A string fixed at both ends is vibrating in the lowest mode of vibration for which a point at quarter
of its length from one end is a point of maximum displacement. The frequency of vibration in this
mode is 100 Hz . What will be the frequency emitted when it vibrates in the next mode such that
this point is again a point of maximum displacement?
A) 400 Hz B) 200 Hz C) 600 Hz D) 300 Hz
(D)
In the first case

112 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

P N
N N

/4

Point P is an antinode i.e., the string is vibrating in its second harmonic. Let f0 be the fundamental
frequency. Then
2 f 0  100 Hz
 f 0  50Hz

Now P is antinode (at length from one end) so centre should be a node. So, next
4
higher frequency will be sixth harmonic or 6 f0 which is equal to 300 Hz as shown below:

N P N

/4 /4 /2

9. A sonometer wire resonates with a given tuning fork forming standing waves with five antinodes
between the two bridges when a mass of 9 kg is suspended from the wire. When this mass is
replaced by mass M, the wire resonates with the same tuning fork forming three antinodes for the
same positions of the bridges. The value of M is
1) 25 kg 2) 5 kg 3) 12.5 kg 4) 1/25 kg
10. (1)
For a vibrating string
p T
f 
2l 
P = no. of loops or no. of harmonics
For the given problem.
p T = constant or p1 T1  p2 T2
T2 p Mg 5 M 25
Or  1 or  or 
T1 p2 9g 3 9 9
Or M = 25 kg

MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

11.

(AC)
113 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
12.

(BC)
2 f  120 , f  60 Hz ,   3
V  f   180 m / s
13.

(C,D)

14.

(A,C,D)

114 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

15. Following are equations of four transverse travelling waves where x, y, z represent rectangular
coordinate system
 x  x
i) y1  a sin   t   ii) y2  a cos   t  
 v  v
 x  x
iii) z1  a sin   t   iv) z2  a cos  t  
 v  v
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
A) On superposition of waves (i) and (iii), a travelling wave having amplitude a 2 will be
formed
B) Superposition of waves (ii) and (iii) is not possible
C) On superposition of waves (i) and (ii), a transverse stationary wave having maximum
amplitude a 2 will be formed
D) On superposition of waves (iii) and (iv), a transverse stationary wave will be formed
(A, D)
Superposition of waves (i) & (iii) will be travelling wave having amplitude of a 2
{waves are along x-axis but particle displacements are along y & z – axis respectively}
And superposition of waves (iii) & (iv) will give standing wave asz1+ z2
 x  x  
 a sin   t    sin   t    
  v   v  2 

COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

Comprehension for Q.No. 16 & 17

115 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
16.

(D)

17.

(C)

Comprehension for Q.No. 18 & 19

A stationary wave of amplitude A is generated between the two fixed ends x = 0 and x = L. The
L L L
particle at x  is a node. There are only two particles between x  and x  which have
3 6 3
maximum speed half of the maximum speed of the anti-node. Again there are only two particles
L
between x = 0 and x  which have maximum speed half of the antinodes. Slope of wave
6
L
function at x  changes with respect to time according to the graph shown. The symbols  ,  , A
3
are having their usual meaning if used in calculations.
y
x

t
O T

18. What is the time period of oscillation of a particle?

T
A) T B) 2T C) D) 4 T
2
(B)
19. For particles in between x  0 to x 
L
6
A) infinite particles are in same phase
B) only two particles are in same phase
C) all particles are in different phases
D) Half of the particles are in same phase and remaining half are having phase difference of 
(A)
Solution for Q.No. (18 & 19 )

116 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
 x  0 is a Node 
   y  Asin kx.sin t
 y  0at t  0 
 x 
y
 Ak.cos kx.sin t
x
 
L
x0  
L
x3
  x
6
.2T  2

T

2
T*   2T

Comprehension for Q.No. 20 & 21
Consider two strings of equal lengths to be joined at B . The mass of the string BC is four times
that of string AB . If a wave is generated in string AB , which travels towards boundary at B
with speed v and the equation of incident wave is given by yi  Ai sin  t  kx  . Now, answer the
following questions.
v
1 B 2
A C

x0
20. Speed of transmitted wave on string BC is…
v v
A) v B) C) 2v D)
2 3
(B)
 2  4i  given 
yi  Ai sin  t  kx 
 v v 
Ar   2 1  Ai
 v1  v2 
T T T v
v1  , v2    1
1 2 41 2
 v1 
 2  v1  A
 Ar   A  i
v1  i 3
 v1  
 2
v1 v
From the above discussion, v2   .
2 2
21. Equations for reflected wave and transmitted wave respectively are…
A 2A
A) yr   i sin  t  kx  , yt  i sin  t  2 kx 
3 3

117 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
Ai 2A
B) yr  sin  t  kx  , yt  i sin  t  2kx 
3 3
Ai 2 Ai
C) yr   sin  t  kx  , yt  sin  t  2kx 
3 3
A 2A  k 
D) yr   i sin  t  kx  , yt  i sin   t  x 
3 3  2 
(A)
Ai
yr  Ar sin  t  kx    sin  t  kx 
3
(moving in negative X – direction, so ‘+’ symbol)
v
 2v2  2
2 2
At    Ai  Ai  Ai
 v1  v2  v 3
v
2
1  2  k1v1  k2v2
v
 k 2  k1 1  2k
v2
2
 y1  Ai sin  t  2kx 
3
(moving in positive X-direction, so ‘–’ symbol).
Comprehension for Q.No. 22 to 24
In the figure shown a sinusoidal wave is generated at the end ‘A’. The wave travels along positive
x-axis and during its motion it encounter another string BC at the junction ‘B’ at x=0. The density
of strings AB and BC are  kg / m3 and 9 kg / m3 respectively and their radii of cross sections
are 2r and r. The wave function, amplitude and wavelength of incident wave are respectively
yi , Ai and  i . Similarly for reflected and transmitted wave these parameters are yr , Ar ,  r and
yt , At , t respectively (Assume same tension is present in the strings AB and BC)
A B C
x

X 0

22. Which of the following statements regarding phase difference,  between waves at x=0 is true?
A)   0, between yi and yr B)   0, between yr and yt
C)    , between yi and yt D)    , between yr and yt
(D)
23. The ratio of wavelengths  r to  t (i.e. r : t ) will be
A) 1:1 B) 3:2 C) 2:3 D) 4:9
(B)
24. The ratio of amplitudes Ar to At is (i.e. Ar : At) will be
A) 1:1 B) 1:4 C) 1:6 D) 4:5
(B)
Medium of string BC is denser. There will be  phase difference between reflected and
transmitted wave
 r v1 2
 
t v2 1
 4
Now 2 
1 9

118 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
v2  v1
Ai
Ar v1  v2 v v 1
  2 1
At 2v2 2v2 4
Ai
v1  v2

INTEGERTYPE QUESTIONS

25.

(5)

26.

(5)
119 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

27.

28. A wire when stretched by the weight of a solid, gives a fundamental frequency v; when the solid is
immersed in water it gives a frequency v1 and when immersed in liquid it gives a frequency of v2.
Calculate the specific gravity of the solid and that of the liquid.

29. A long string of length 1.5 m is made of steel. The tension in it produces an elastic strain of 1 %.
Calculate its fundamental frequency if density and elasticity of material of the wire are 7.7 × 103
kg/m3 and 2.2 × 1011 N/m2 respectively.
[178.174 Hz]
30. A wire of density 9 gm/cm3 is stretched between two clamps 100 cm apart. While subjected to an
extension of 0.05 cm, what is the lowest frequency of transverse vibrations in the wire, assuming
Young's modulus of the material to be 9 × 10 11 dyne/cm2.

120 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
31.

32.

33. Two wires of different mass densities are soldered together end to end and are then stretched under
a tension F(the tension is same in both the wires). The wave speed in the second wire is three
times that in the first wire. When a harmonic wave is travelling in the first wire, it is reflected at
the junction of the wires; the reflected wave has half the amplitude of the incident wave, (a) If the
amplitude of incident wave is A, what are the amplitudes of the reflected and transmitted waves?
(b) Assuming no loss in wire, what fraction of the incident power is reflected at the junction and
what fraction is transmitted? (c) Show that the displacement just to the left of the junction equals
that just to the right of the junction.

34. A 2 m string is fixed at one end and is vibrating in its third harmonic with amplitude 3 cm and
frequency 100 Hz. (a) Write an expression for the kinetic energy of a segment of the string of
length dx at a point x at some time t. At what time is its kinetic energy maximum? What is the
shape of the string at this time? (b) Find the maximum kinetic energy of the string by integrating
your expression for part (a) over the total length of the string.

35. An aluminium wire of length 0.6 m and cross-sectional area 10–6 m2 is connected to a steel wire of
the same cross-sectional area and length 0.866 m. The compound wire is loaded with 10 kg. Find
the lowest frequency of excitation for which the joint in the wire is a node. Also find the number
of nodes, excluding the two at the ends of the wire. The density of aluminium is 2600 kg/m3 and
that of steel is 7800 kg/m3
[323 Hz, 6]

121 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
07- LONGITUDINAL WAVE EQUATION (INTERMS OF Y,  P AND  ) – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1.

(D)

2. The longitudinal displacement (s) of a sound wave travelling along x-axis at an instance is given
by S  10 mm  sin 10 x  , x in meters. If Bulk modulus of air is 5 105 Pa , then variation of
pressure at that time with x- is best given by
1)  P  157 0 Pa  cos 10 x  2)  P    157 0 Pa  cos 10 x 
3)  P  157 0 Pa  sin 10 x  4)  P   628 0 Pa  cos 10 x 
(1)
P  P0 sin  kx    , P0  BAK

122 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
3.

(2)

4.

(D)

5.

(C)

123 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
6.

(2)

124 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
7. A close organ pipe diameter 10 cm has length 42cm. The air column in pipe vibrates in its second
overtone with the maximum amplitude P0 . The pressure amplitude at middle of pipe is
P0 P0 3P0
1) 2) 3) 4) P0
2 2 2
(3)

Here 5  42  0.3  10    36 cm
4
 Pressure amplitude at middle of pipe is
 2  3P
P  P sin Kx  P sin   24  
 36  2
8. Diagram1 represents equally spaced beads on a spring. The beads are 1 cm apart.

A longitudinal wave propagates along the spring.Diagram2shows the position of the beads at a
particular instant.

Which of the following is the best estimate of the amplitude?

(1) 0.4 cm (2) 0.8 cm (3) 1.6 cm (4) 3.2 cm
(2)
Maximum displaced particle is 2nd from consecutive compression and rarefaction.

MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

9. Sound wave in form of sine wave is travelling along +x axis, P – x graph is shown. Choose
correct options.

(A) Particle on just left side of A and just right side of A are moving in opposite directions.
(B*) Speed of particle on just left of A is less than that on right of A.
(C*) Particles on just left and just right of B have opposite direction of motion:
(D*) Particles on just left and just right of C are moving in same direction
(BCD)

125 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

10. A plane sinusoidal undiminished sound wave is travelling in +x direction in a gaseous medium.
Excess pressure amplitude for any location is p0. Wave speed in the medium is 360 ms-1. At some
moment, instantaneous values of excess pressure at positions (0,0,0) & (1, 1, 1) are +p0 and +p0/2.
The frequency of wave is:
A) 60 HZ B) 120HZ C) 60 2HZ D) 120 2HZ
(ABC)
Since the elevator may have an acceleration even though the block may remain stationary w.r.t the
elevator

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

11. (Section) showed that for sound waves in air with frequency 1000 Hz, a displacement amplitude of
1.2 × 10–8 m produces a pressure amplitude of 3.0 × 10 –2Pa. (a) What is the wavelength of these
waves? (b) For 1000-Hz waves in air, what displacement amplitude would be needed for the
pressure amplitude to be at the pain threshold, which is 30 Pa? (c) For what wavelength and
frequency will waves with a displacement amplitude of 1.2 × 10–8 m produce a pressure amplitude
of 1.5 × 10–3Pa?

12. (Section 16.1) showed that for sound waves in air with frequency 1000 Hz, a displacement
amplitude of 1.2 × 10–8 m produces a pressure amplitude of 3.0 × 10–2 Pa. Water at 20°C has a
bulk modulus of 2.2 × 109 Pa, and the speed of sound in water at this temperature is 1480 m/s. For
1000-Hz sound waves in 20°C water, what displacement amplitude is produced if the pressure
amplitude is 3.0 × 10 –2 Pa? Explain why your answer is much less than 1.2 × 10–8 m.

126 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

13.

14.

127 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

15.

16.

128 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
08- VELOCITY OF SOUND, FACTORS EFFECTING THE VELOCITY OF SOUND – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1. The sound from a very high burst of fireworks takes 5s to arrive at the observer. The burst occurs
1662m above tire observer and travels vertially through two stratifer layers of air, the top one of
thickness d 1 at 0°C and the bottom one of thickness d2, at 20°C. Then (assume velocity of sound
at 0°C is 330 m/s).
1) d 1 = 342m 2) d2 = 1320m 3) d 1 = 1485m 4) d 2 = 342m
(4)

2. The difference in the speeds of sound in air at –5° C, 60 cm pressure of mercury and 30°C, 75cm
pressure of mercury is (velocity of sound in air at 0°C is 332 m/s)
1) 15.25 m/s 2) 21.35 m/s 3) 18.3 m/s 4) 3.05 m/s
(2)

3. A pipe of length 10.0 m increases in length by 1.5 cm when its temperature is increased by 90°F.
What is its coefficient of linear expansion?
(1) 30 × 10–6/°C (2) 17 × 10 –6/°C (3) 13 × 10–6/°C (4) 23 × 10–6/°C
(1)

129 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
INTEGERTYPE QUESTIONS

4.

(2)

5. A thin plane membrane separates hydrogen at 7°C from hydrogen at 47°C, both being at the some
pressure. If a collimated sound beam travelling from then cooler gas makes an angle of incidence
2
of 30° at the membrane, the angle of refraction is r = sin–1 find the value of 'n'.
n
(7)

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

6. An oscillator vibrating at 1250 Hz produces a sound wave that travels through an ideal gas at 325
m/s when the gas temperature is 22.0°C. For a certain experiment, you need to have the same
oscillator produce sound of wavelength 28.5 cm in this gas. What should the gas temperature be to
achieve this wavelength?

130 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

7. Taking the composition of air to be 75% of nitrogen and 25% of oxygen by weight, calculate the
velocity of sound through air.

8. Calculate the velocity of sound in a mixture of oxygen, nitrogen and argon at 0°C when their
masses are in the ratio 2:7: 1. The molecular weights of gases are 32, 28 and 40 respectively.
[328.7 m/s]
9. A tunnel leading straight through a hill greatly amplifies tones at 135 and 138 Hz. Find the shortest
length of the tunnel if velocity of sound in air is 330 m/s.
[55 m]
10. Calculate the velocity of sound in a medium where change in pressure and volume takes place

according to the law p  where  is a constant. Treat the medium as in ideal gas and assume 
V2
as its normal density.
2p
[ ]

11. Weak back-ground noise from a classroom set up the fundamental stationary wave in a card-board
tube of length 80 cm with two open end. What frequency do you hear from the tube (a) If you jam
your ear against one end? (b) If your move your ear away enough so that the tube has two open
ends. Take v = 320 m/s.
[(a) 100 Hz, (b) 200 Hz]

131 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
09- ENERGY, POWER AND INTENSITY OF SOUND WAVE – MQ

MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

1.

(A, C, D)

132 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
10- ORGAN PIPES – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1.

(A)
f   300  2t  Hz , l  99.4cm
3V
 300  2t
4  l  0.6r 
3(320)
 300  2t
4(0.994  0.6 r )
240
0.994  0.6r 
300  2t
dr  1 
0.6  240  2 
( 2)
dt  (300  2t ) 
dr 480 10
 2
dt (300  2t ) 6
800 800
 2

(300  2t ) (300  60) 2
1
 ms 1
72
2. A well with vertical sides and water at the bottom resonates at 7 Hz and at no lower frequency.
The air m the well has a density of 1.1 kg/m3 and bulk modulus of 1.32 × 105 Pa. How far down
in the well is the water surface?
1) 1.24 m 3) 2.48 m 2) 12.4m 4) 24.8 m
(2)

133 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
3.

(B)

4. Second overtone frequency of a closed pipe and fourth harmonic frequency of an open pipe are
same. Then choose the INCORRECT options.
1) Fundamental frequency of closed pipe is more than the fundamental frequency of open pipe
2) Fust overtone frequency of closed pipe is more than the first overtone frequency of open pipe
3) Fifteenth harmonic frequency of closed pipe is equal to twelfth harmonic frequency of open
pipe
4) Tenth harmonic frequency of closed pipe is equal to eight harmonic frequency of open pipe
(1)

134 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

5. Choose the wrong statement from below

1) in a sound wave, A displacement node is a pressure anti node and via versa
2) A violin note and sitar note may have the same frequency, yet we can distinguish between the
two notes.
3) All three states of matter solid, liquid and gas can support both longitudinal and transverse
waves.
4) Shape of a pulse get distorted during propagation in a dispersive medium
(3)
6. A closed organ pipe of radius r1 and an open organ pipe of radius r2 and having same length ‘L’
resonate when exited with a given tuning fork. Closed organ pipe and open organ pipe resonates
in fundamental mode, then
A) 1.2  r2  r1   L B) r2  r1  L C) r2  2r1  2.5L D) 2r2  2r1  2.5L
(A)
With end correction for closed organ pipe
 
  L  e, and for open organ pipe  L  2e2
4 2
So 4  L  e1   2  L  2e2 
Now e1  0.6 r1 and e2  0.6 r2
2L  4  e2  e1 
L  2  e2  e1   2  0.6  r2  r1 
L  1.2  r2  r1 
7. A organ pipe close at one end and open at another end has length 42cm. The air column in pipe
vibrates in its second overtone with the maximum amplitude P0. The pressure amplitude at
centre of pipe is:
P0 P0 3P0
(1) (3) (2) (4) P0
2 2 2
(2)
8. A student performing resonance tube experiment. Initially tube is completely filled with water
and student start draining water to decrease water level. Length of air column is 10 cm when
student hear 1 st resonance sound. While further lowering the water level student miss the next
resonance sound due to noise created by his friends. Find next length of air column at which he
hear the resonance sound again (end correction is 1 cm)
(1) 51 cm (3) 54 cm (2) 53 cm (4) 55 cm
(3)

9. The air in a pipe resonates at 150 Hz and 750 Hz. one of these resonances being the fundamental.
If the pipe is open at both ends, how many resonances are between the two given ones, and if the
pipe is closed at one end. how many resonances are between the two given ones?
1) open 3 : closed : 1 2) open 1 : closed : 3 3) open 2 : closed : 0 4) open : 0 : closed : 2
(1)
135 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

10. A standing wave is established in air in a pipe with one closed and one open end.
The air molecules near X are

1) always at the centre of a compression.

2) always at the centre of a rarefaction.
3) sometimes at the centre of a compression and sometimes at the centre of a rarefaction.
4) never at the centre of a compression or a rarefaction.
(3)
x is pressure antinode.

MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

11. In resonance tube experiment, a closed organ pipe of length 120 cm resonates when tuned with a
tuning fork of frequency 340 Hz. If water is poured in the pipe then choose the correct
statement's of the following (Given Vsound = 340m / s)
A) The minimum length of water column to have the resonance i s 45 cm
B) The distance between two successive nodes is 50 cm
C) The maximum length of water column to create the resonance is 95 cm
D) The distance between the open end and water surface at second resonance is 60 cm
(ABC)

136 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
12.

(ABCD)

13. Four open organ pipes of different lengths and different gases at same temperature as shown in
figure. Let fA, fB, fC and fD be their fundamental frequencies. then Choose the INCORREC
 CO
Toptions:[Take 2 = 7/5]

A) fA/fB = 2 B) fB/fC = C) fC/fD = D) fD/fA =

(ABD)
14. The air column in a pipe closed at one end is made to vibrate in its second over tone by a tuning
fork of frequency 440 Hz. The speed of sound in air is 330m/s. End corrections can be neglected.
Let P0 denote the mean pressure at any point in the pipe and P0 the maximum amplitude
pressure variation. Choose the correct options
15
A) the length L of the air column is m
16
P0
B) the amplitude of pressure variation at the middle of the column is
2
C) maximum and minimum pressure at the open end of the pipe is Pmax = Pmin = Mean pressure
(P0)
D) the maximum and minimum pressures at the closed end of the pipe is, P max = P0 +P0 ,Pmin =
P0 – P0
(ABCD)

137 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

Comprehension for Q.No. 15 to 17

The air column in a pipe closed at one end is made to vibrate in its third over tone by tuning fork
of frequency 220 Hz. The speed of sound in air is 330 m/sec. End correction may be neglected.
Let P0 denote the mean pressure at any point in the pipe and P0 the maximum amplitude of
pressure vibration.
15. Find the length of the air column
(A) 3.2 m (B) 2.625 m (C) 4.23 m (D) 1.16 m
(B)
16. What is the amplitude of pressure variation at the middle of the column
P0 3P0 P0
(A) (B) (C) P0 (D)
2 2 2
(B)
17. What is the maximum pressure at the open end of the pipe?
P
(A) P0 (B) P0 + P0 (C) P0  0 (D) None of these
2
(A)

MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

18.

(B)

138 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
19. In closed organ pipe at one end
List-I List-I
(P) Third overtone frequency is x times fundamental frequency then x is (1) 3
(Q) Number of nodes in second overtone (2) 4
(R) Number of antinodes in second overtone (3) 5
(S) nth harmonic does not exists, where n is (4) 7
(5) 6
Codes:
P Q R S
(A) 5 i 1 5
(B) 4 l 1 (2,5)
(C) 4 2 3 2
(D) 3 2 4 (2,5)
(B)

INTEGERTYPE QUESTIONS

20. A hollow pipe of length 0.8 m is closed at one end. At its open end a 0.5 m long uniform string is
vibrating in its second harmonic and it resonates with die fundamental frequency of the pipe. If
the tension in the wire is 50N and the speed of sound is 320 ms–1, the mass of the string is (5×N)
gm.
Find N = ?
(2)

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

21. A string 25 cm long and having a mass of 2.5 g is under tension. A pipe closed at one end is 40 cm
long. When the string is set vibrating in its first overtone and the air in the pipe in its fundamental
frequency, 8 beats per second are heard. It is observed that decreasing the tension in the string
decreases the beat frequency. If the speed of sound in air is 320 m/s. find the tension in the string.
[27.04 N]

139 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
11- BEATS – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1. . A band playing music at a frequency f is moving towards a wall at a speed u. A motorist is

following the band with the same speed u. If v is the speed of sound, the bent frequency heard by
the motorist is
2fu f  u  v 2fu
1) f 2) 3) 4)
v  u v  u v  u
(4)

2. Two sounding bodies are producing progressive waves given by y1 = 2 sin (400t) and y2 =
sin(404t) where t is in second. Which superpose near the ears of a person. The person will hear
1) 2 beats/s with intensity ratio 9/4 between maxima and minima
2) 2 beats/s with intensity ratio 9 between maxima and minima
3) 4 beats/s with intensity ratio 16 between maxima and minima
4) 4 beats/s with intensity ratio 16/9 between maxima and minima
(2)

140 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
3. Two stationary sources A and B are sounding notes of frequency 680 Hz. An observer O moves
from A to B with a constant velocity u. If the speed of sound is 340 ms–1, what must be the value
of u so that he identifies 10 beats per second?
(1) 2.0 ms–1 (2) 2.5 ms–1 (3) 3.0 ms–1 (4) 3.5 ms–1
(2)

4. The lengths of two open organ pipes are  and  l  l  respectively. Neglecting end correction,
the frequency of beats will be (  = velocity of sound in air)
vl v v v
1) 2 2) 2
3) 4)
2l 2l 4l 2 l
(1)
The frequency of beats for two open organ pipes ae given as
v v
n1  and n2 
2l 2  l  l 
Therefore, beats frequency n  n1  n2
v v v  l  l  l  v l v l
      2
2l 2  l  l  2  l  l  l   2 l  l  l  2l
5. Two identical loudspeakers, placed close to each other inside a room, are supplied with the same
sinusoidal voltage. One can imagine a pattern around the loudspeakers with areas of increased and
decreased sound intensity alternately located. Which of the following actions will NOT change the
locations of these areas?
1) Moving one of the speakers.
2) Changing the amplitude of the signal voltage
3) Changing the frequency of the signal voltage
4) Replacing the air in the room with a different gas
(2)
6. A tuning fork A is being tested using an accurate oscillator. It is found that they produce 2 beats
per second when the oscillator reads 514 Hz and 6 beats per second when it reads 510 Hz. The
actual frequency of the fork in Hz is
(1) 512 Hz (2) 504Hz (3) 516 Hz (4) 510 Hz
(3)
7. Two vibrating tuning forks produce progressive waves given by, y1 = 4 sin (500t) and y2 = 2 sin
(506t). These tuning forks arc held near the ear of person. The person will hear
a) 3 beats/s with intensity ratio between maxima and minima equal to 2
b) 3 beats/s with intensity ratio between maxima and minima equal to 9
c) 6 beats/s with intensity ratio between maxima and minima equal to 2
d) 6 beats/s with intensity ratio between maxima and minima equal to 9
(b)

141 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

8. In case of superposition of waves (at x = 0) y1 = 2sin(1026t) y2 = 2sin(10147t):

A) the frequency of resulting wave is 510 Hz
B) the amplitude of resulting wave varies at frequency 3 Hz
C) the frequency of beats is 6Hz
D) the amplitude of resulting wave varies at frequency 6 Hz
(ACD)

MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

9.

10.

INTEGERTYPE QUESTIONS

11. Two sound waves of frequencies 100 Hz and 102 Hz and having same amplitude 'A' are
interfering. A stationary detector which can detect waves of amplitude greater than or equal to A.
In a time interval of 12 seconds, find the total duration (In sec.) which detector is active.
(8)

142 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

12. The sound source of a ship's sonar system operates at a frequency of 18.0 kHz. The speed of sound
in water (assumed to be at a uniform 20°C) is 1482 m/s. (a) What is the wavelength of the waves
emitted by the source? (b) What is the difference in frequency between the directly radiated waves
and the waves reflected from a whale traveling directly toward the ship at 4.95 m/s? The ship is at
rest in the water.

13. A sonometer wire under tension of 128 N vibrates in resonance with a tuning fork. The vibrating
portion of sonometer wire has length of 20 cm and mass lg. The vibrating tuning fork is now
moved away from the vibrating wire at constant speed of 0.75 m/s and an observer standing near
the sonometer hears 1 beat/s. Find the speed of sound in air.

143 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

14. A source of sonic oscillations with frequency n0 and a receiver are located on the same normal to
the wall. Both the source and the receiver are stationary and the wall recedes from source with
velocity u. Find the beat frequency registered by the receiver. The velocity of sound is equal to v.

15. A column of air and a tuning fork produce 4 beats per sec when sounded together. The tuning fork
gives the lower note. The temperature of air is 15°C. When the temperature falls to 10°C the two
produce 3 beats per sec. Find the frequency of the fork.
[110.6 Hz]
16. A source of sonic oscillations with frequency n = 1000 Hz moves at right angles to the wall with a
velocity u = 0.17 m/s. Two stationary receivers R, and R-, are located on a straight line, coinciding
with the trajectory of the source, in the following succession : R1-source-R2-wall. Which receiver
registers the beating and what is the beat frequency? The velocity of sound is equal to v = 340 m/s.
[1.0 Hz]
17. A sonometer wire under tension of 64 newton vibrating in its fundamental mode is in resonance
with a vibrating tuning fork. The vibrating portion of the sonometer wire has a length of 10 cm
and a mass of one gm. The vibrating tuning fork is now moved a way from the vibrating w ire
with a constant speed and an observer standing near sonometer hears one beat per second.
Calculate the speed with which the tuning fork is moved, if velocity of sound in air is 300 m/s.
[0.752 m/s]
18. A sonometer wire under tension of 64 N vibrating in its fundamental mode is in resonance with a
vibrating tuning fork. The vibrating portion of the sonometer wire has a length of 10 cm and mass
1 gm. The vibrating tuning fork is now moved away from the vibrating wire at a constant speed
and an observer standing near the sonometer hears one beat per sec. Calculate the speed with
which the tuning fork is moved, if the speed of sound in air is 300 m/s.
[0.75 m/s]

144 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
12- DOPPLER EFFECT – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Source and observer are moving in the same direction along he same line, source is following the
observer. Their velocities are VS and V0 respectively source emits waves with a frequency ‘f' . ‘V’
is velocity of sound in air. Wavelength of waves received by observer is

(3)

2. A source is moving with constant speed vs  20 m / s towards a stationary observer due east of
the source. Wind is blowing at the speed of 20 m/s at 60 0 north of east. The source has
frequency 500 Hz. Speed of sound  300m / s . The frequency registered by the observer is
approximately
1) 541 Hz 2) 552 Hz 3) 534 Hz 4) 517 Hz
(3)
V  W cos 600 310
n'  n  500  534 Hz
V  W cos600  Vs 290
3.

(D)
4. A source of frequency ‘f’ is stationary and an observer starts moving towards it at t=0 with
constant small acceleration. Then the variation of observed frequency f ' registered by the
observer with time is best represented as

 
f' 
f' f'

A) t B) t C) D) t
A)
After a time t, velocity of observer V0 = at
 V  V0   V  at 
 f0   fs   f,
 V    V  s
which is a straight line graph of positive slope.

145 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
5.

(C)

6. A source starts from rest at t = 0 and moves away from a stationary observer with a constant
acceleration 5 ms–2. At t = 0 source is 160 m away from observer. If it emits sound of frequency
700 Hz, the frequency heard by observer at t = 2.5s is [velocity of sound = 340 ms–1]
1) 600 Hz 2) 640 Hz 3) 680 Hz 4) 690 Hz
(3)

7.

(B)
8. A sound source emits frequency of 180 Hz when moving towards a rigid wall with speed 5 m/s
and an observer is moving away from wall with speed 5 m/s. Both source and observer moves on
a straight line which is perpendicular to the wall. The number of beats per second heard by the
observer will be (speed of sound = 355 m/s, source is in between observer and wall)
1) 5 beats/s 2) 10 beats/s 3) 6 beats/s 4) 8 beats/s
(1)

146 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

9. Consider a situation shown in the figure. A source is moving with a velocity vs  35m / sec
towards the wall and an observer is moving with a velocity v0  25m / sec away from the wall.
The wall is moving with a velocity u  15m / s towards the wall. The frequency of the sound
emitted by the source is f 0  310Hz and the velocity of sound with respect to air is v  330m / s.
The frequency of the reflected waves from wall received by the observer is

1) 320Hz 2) 350Hz 3)380Hz 4) 400Hz

(2)
Frequency of the sound received by the wall is
 vu 
f1    f0 …………….. (i)
 v  vs 
The frequency of the reflected waves from wall received by the observer is
 v  v0   v  u 
f    f0
 v  u   v  vs 
 330  25  330  15 
   310  350Hz
 330  15  330  35 

10. u
A wall is moving with velocity u and a source of frequency f moves with velocity in the same
2
direction as shown in the figure. If the velocity of sound is 10u, the apparent wavelength received
by the wall is
u
u
S
2

19u u 9u 19u
1) 2) 3) (4)
2f f f f
(1)
11. A car is moving towards a huge wall with a speed  c 10 , where c  speed of sound in still air. A
wind is also blowing parallel to the velocity of the car in the same direction and with the same
speed as car. If the car sounds a horn of frequency f , then what is the frequency of the reflected

147 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
sound of the horn heard by driver of the car?
10 f 11 f 11 f 10 f
1) 2) 3) 4)
9 10 9 11
12. (3)
 C 
 C 
Frequency received by wall= f  10 
 C C
 C   
 10 10 
11
= f1  f
10
 Frequency of reflected sound as heated by drive
 C C
C   
= f1  10 10   11f  C = 11 f
 C  10 9C 9
 C  
 10  10
13. A source of sound is travelling with a velocity of 30 m/s towards a stationary observer. If actual
frequency of source is 1000 Hz and the wind is blowing with velocity 20 m/s in a direction at 60°
with the direction of motion of source, then the apparent frequency heard by observer is (speed of
sound is 340 m/s)
a. 1011 Hz b. 1000 Hz c. 1094 Hz d. 1086 Hz
(C)

MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

14. A racing car has a siren and is speeding with the speed u = 306 km / h. The frequency of the siren
is v0 = 40 Hz. Ahead of it there is another car with exactly the same siren (this car is at rest).
Each of the drivers distinguishes the sound of siren of another car, because it is of higher
frequency than the sound of his own Mien. (Take speed of sound = 340 m/s)
A) The beat frequency heard by the speeding driver is 13.33 Hz
B) The bent frequency heard by the speeding driver is 10 Hz
C) The beat frequency heard by the driver at rest is 13.33 Hz
D) The beat frequency heard by the driver at rest is 10 Hz
(B, C)
15. A point source of sound S of natural frequency 256 Hz and a receiver R arc moving along same
line with speed u= 10 m/s, towards a reflecting surface which is approaching them with speed u
as shown in figure. If speed of sound in air is 330 m/s then wavelength and frequency of reflected
wave received by receiver R are

148 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
(AC)
In this situation the incident waves (sound waves emitted by source) are received by reflector and
then reflected back. The frequency of reflected wave would be same as that of wave received by
reflector. Let f1  the frequency received by reflector of reflected wave

16.

(ACD)

17.

(B,C,D)

149 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

Comprehension for Q.No. 18 & 19

A man o( mass 50 kg is running on a plank of mass 150 kg with speed of 8 m/s relative to plank as
shown in ihe figure, (both were initially at rest and the velocity of man with respect to ground any
how remains constant). Plank is placed on smooth horizontal surface. The man, while running
whistles with frequency f0. A detector (D) is placed on plank detects frequency. The man jumps
off with same velocity (with respect to ground) from point d and slides on the smooth horizontal
surface [Assume coefficient of friction between man and horizontal is zero]. The speed of sound
in still medium is 330 m/s. Answer following questions on the basis of above situations.

18.

(A)

19.

(C)

Comprehension for Q.No. 20 & 21

A linear simple harmonic oscillator has small sonic sources of frequency 90 Hz, fixed on it The
harmonic oscillator is placed in a room where air flow direction is either in the direction of motion
of oscillator or against it. A sonic detector is placed along the axis of the simple harmonic
oscillator. Speed of airflow is half of speed of sound in given medium and maximum speed of
oscillator is one fourth of the speed of the sound.
20. The maximum possible frequency recorded by the detector
(A)120 (B)140 (C)180 (D)240
(C)
21. The minimum possible frequency recorded by the detector
(A) 60 (B) 30 (C) 40 (D) 50
(A)

MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

22.

150 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

23. A source of sound when stationary with respect to medium, emits sound of frequency f and
wavelength  . Speed of sound with respect to medium is c. Speed of medium is Vm{in case (c)
and case (d) of column I}. The observer O1 receives waves of frequency f1 and wavelength 1 .
The observer O2 receives waves of frequency f2 and wavelength  2 . Speed of source with respect
to ground is vs {in case (d) of column I}

Column-I Column-II
(A) medium at rest, source at rest, O1 and O2 moves as (P) 1     2
shown.

(B) medium at rest, O1, O2 at rest, source moves as (Q) f1>f >f2
shown.

(C) medium moves as shown, source, O1and O2 are at (R) 1     2

rest

(D) medium moves, source moves, O1 and O2 are at rest. (S) 1    2

(vs>vm)

A-R;B-PQ;C-S;D-PQ

151 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
24.

(A)

INTEGERTYPE QUESTIONS

25.

(2)

152 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
26.

(5)

27. V
Source is moving with a constant speed of (where V is velocity of sound) along the
30
circumference of a circle of radius R. A point detector is placed in the same plane inside the
3R
circle at a distance of from it’s centre. The frequency of sound produced by the source is
5
49Hz. Then the maximum possible frequency recorded by the detector is (45+x)Hz then the value
of x is
(5)

153 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

h
D

 V  f
1
f   
V  VS . h 
 R
   
 1   1 
f1    f  f  50Hz
V h 1 
1  S  1  
 V R  50 
28.

(7)

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

29.

30.

154 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
31.

155 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

32.

33. A train approaching a hill at a speed of 40 km hr sounds a whistle of frequency 580 Hz when it is
at a distance of 1 km from a hill. A wind with a speed of40 km/hr is blowing in the direction of
motion of the train. Find (i) the frequency of the whistle as heard by an observer on the hill, (ii) the
distance from the hill at which the echo from the hill is heard by the driver and its frequency
(Velocity of sound in air 1,200 km/hr)

156 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
34. A whistle emitting a sound of frequency 440 Hz is tied to a string of 1.5 m length and rotated with
an angular velocity of 20 rad/s in the horizontal plane. Calculate the range of frequencies heard by
an observer stationed at a large distance from the whistle.
[403 Hz to 484 Hz]
35. A source of sound with natural frequency v0 moves uniformly along a straight line separated from
a stationary observer by a distance l. The velocity of the source is equal to  fraction of velocity of
sound. Find the frequency of sound received by the observer at the moment when the source gets
closest to him and also find the distance between the source and the observer at the moment, when
the observer receives a frequency v = v0.

36. Microwaves which travel with the speed of light are reflected from a distant aero-plane
approaching the wave source radar. It is found that when the reflected waves are beat against the
waves radiated from the source, the beat frequency is 990 Hz. If the microwaves are 0.1 m in
wavelength, what is the approaching speed of the aero-plane.
[49.5 m/s]

157 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
13- SUPERSONIC VELOCITY – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1.

(B)

158 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS

2.

159 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

160 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
14- POINT SOURCE AND LINEAR SOURCE OF WAVE – MQ

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. A jet plane at takeoff can produce sound of intensity 10.0 W/m2 at 30.0 m away. But you prefer
the tranquil sound of normal conversation, which is 1.0 W/m2. Assume that the plane behaves
like a point source of sound, (a) What is the closest distance you should live from the airport
runway to preserve your peace of mind? (b) What intensity from the jet does your friend
experience if she lives twice as far from the runway as you do? (c) What power of sound does the
jet produce at takeoff?

2. Threshold of Pain. You are investigating the report of a UFO landing in an isolated portion of New
Mexico, and you encounter a strange object that is radiating sound waves uniformly in all
directions. Assume that the sound comes from a point source and that you can ignore reflections.
You are slowly walking toward the source. When you are 7.5 m from it, you measure its intensity
to be 0.11 W/m2. An intensity of 1.0 W/m2 is often used as the "threshold of pain." How much
closer to the source

3. Energy Output. By measurement you determine that sound waves are spreading out equally in all
directions from a point source and that the intensity is 0.026 W/m2 at a distance of 4.3 m from the
source, (a) What is the intensity at a distance of 3.1 m from the source? (b) How much sound
energy does the source emit in one hour if its power output remains constant?

161 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
15- LONGITUDINAL WAVES IN ROD – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Earth – quakes generate sound waves inside the earth. The earth can experience both transverse
and longitudinal sound waves with speed 5 km/sec and 10 km/sec respectively. A seismograph
records both waves from an earthquake, if longitudinal wave was recorded 4 min before the
transverse wave on a seismograph. Assuming the wave travels in a straight line, at what distance
from seismograph, earthquake occur?
1) 1200 km 2) 1920 km 3) 2400 km 4) 3600 km
(3)
t l  t t  4min  240sec
l  vt t t  vl t l  5t t  10t l , t t  2t l ; t l  240sec  l  10km  240sec  2400km
2. A rod of length I=100 cm is fixed at 30 cm from both end. If velocity of transverse wave in rod is
v(cms–1)then choose the INCORRECT option
1) Fundamental frequency (in Hz)of transverse wave in rod is v/40
2) Second overtone in rod will be 5th harmonic
3) Frequency of third overtone (in Hz) is 7v /40 4) Third overtone is 5th harmonic.
(4)
m  1  2n  1 6 2  2n  1
 40  n    30  
2  2 2 m 4 3
n 1 m  2 n  4 m  6; n  7 m  10 V  f   f / 40  f0
40 7V
  8 second overtone f  v / 8  5 f0 n  10 m  14   
7 40

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

3. A 60.0-m-long brass rod is struck at one end. A person at the other end hears two sounds as a
result of two longitudinal waves, one traveling in the metal rod and the other traveling in air. What
is the time interval between the two sounds? (The speed of sound in air is 344 m/s; see Tables 11.1
and 12.1 for relevant information about brass.)

4. Sources separated by 20 m vibrate according to equations y1 = 0.06 sin  t metre and y2 = 0.02
sin  t metre. They send out waves along a rod at speed 3 m/s. What is the equation of motion of a
particle 12 m from the first source and 8 metre from the second?
[0.05 sin t – 0.0173 cos t]
5. The sounding rod of a dust tube apparatus is made of brass and is 160 cm long. The distance
between adjacent nodes in the wave tube was 11.35 cm. Calculate the Young's modulus of the rod
assuming that velocity of sound in air at room temperature is 350 m/s and density of brass 9000
kg/m3.
[2.2 × 1011 N/m2]

162 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
16- INTERFERENCE OF THE WAVES – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1.

(A)

2. S1, S2 are two coherent sources (having initial phase difference zero) of sound located along
x−axis separated by 4λ where λ is wavelength of sound emitted by them. Number of maxima
located on the elliptical boundary around it will be : [S1& S2 are assumed to be at focus of
ellipse]

S1 S2

4

(A) 16 (B) 12 (C) 8 (D) 4

(A)
S1 P  S 2 P  0
S1Q  S 2Q  4
 3 maximum lie on are between P & Q. Counting all quadrants; the total number is 12.
P & Q symmetrical points are also maxima.
 Total number is 16

163 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
3.

(A)

So frequency of two sources must be less than 41.25 Hz , only then no minima can be observed.
4.

(B)

164 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION

5. Four waves are described by equations as follow

A
Y1  A cos  t  kx  Y3  cos t  kx   
4
A   A  3 
Y2  cos   t  kx   Y4  cos   t  kx  
2  2 8  2 
and the resultant wave of their superposition is calculated as Y  Y1  Y2  Y3  Y4 such as
Y  A1 cos t  kx    then………..(all symbols have their usual meanings)
5A 1 2 5A 1
1) A1    tan 1   2) A1    tan 1  
8 4 8  3
3 5A 1 4 5A
3) A1    tan 1   4) A1    tan 1 1
8 2 8
(3)

1 9 A2 9 A2 3 5 A
A   
64 16 8
3A / 8 1
tan   
3A / 4 2
 1
  tan 1  
 2
6. In the figure shown, s1 and s 2 are two identical point sources of sound which are coherent and
s2 is having phase  a head of s1 . Taking s1 as centre, two circular arcs l, m of radii 1m and 2m
are drawn. Taking s 2 as centre two circular arcs p and q are drawn having radii 2m and 4m
respectively. Out of the four intersection points A, B,C,D which point will record maximum
intensity? Take wavelength of wave produced by each source is 4m
q
p
B
A
D C 
m  s2
l s1
1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D
(4)
Calculate phase difference at each point and check for intensity
165 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
7. Two sources of sound S1and S2 are in phase, equidistant from the origin and are separated by a
distance 2 as shown. They emit sound of wavelength  . Interference is observed on a screen
placed along the circle of large radius R. Point P is seen to be a point of constructive interference.
Then Angle  (other than 00 and 900 )is
Y


O
X
S1 S2

1) 450 2) 300
3) 600 4) not possible in the first quadrant
(3)
8. Two sound waves of slightly different frequencies have amplitude ratio 11/9. What is the
difference of sound levels in decibels of maximum and minimum intensities heard at a point?
(1) 100 (2) 10 (3) 16 (4) 20
(4)

9. A boy is running in a stadium shaped in form of circle of radius 100 m/ At the centre of stadium
on ground a loudspeaker emits waves of frequency 165 Hz. The ceiling of stadium is 5 m high.
Waves coming directly from speaker and after one reflection from ceiling interfere. What are
possible radii of boy’s running circle so that he hears maximum sound. Vsound = 330 m/s.
 25  2 n 2   50  2n 2 
A)  x  n  1, 2,3, 4 B) x  n  1, 2, 3, 4
 2n  
 4 n 
 50  4n 2   100  4n 2 
C)  x  n  1, 2,3, 4 D)  x  n  1, 2,3, 4
 4n   4n 
(D)

166 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
MULTI TYPE QUESTIONS

10. Following are equations of four transverse travelling waves where x, y, z represent rectangular
coordinate system
 x  x
i) y 1  a sin   t   ii) y 2  a cos   t  
 v  v
 x  x
iii) z1  a sin   t   iv) z2  a cos   t  
 v  v
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
A) On superposition of waves (i) and (iii), a travelling wave having amplitude a 2 will be
formed
B) Superposition of waves (ii) and (iii) is not possible
C) On superposition of waves (i) and (ii), a transverse stationary wave having maximum
amplitude a 2 will be formed
D) On superposition of waves (iii) and (iv), a transverse stationary wave will be formed
(AD)
Superposition of waves (i) & (iii) will be travelling wave having amplitude of a 2 {waves are
along x-axis but particle displacements are along y & z – axis respectively}And superposition
 x  x  
of waves (iii) & (iv) will give standing wave as z1+ z2  a sin   t    sin   t     
  v    v  2 
11. Two identical speakers emit sound waves of frequency 103 Hz uniformly in all directions. The
9
audio output of each speaker is mW . A point P is at a distance of 3m from S1 and 5m from
10
S2. Resultant intensity of sound at P is

• 3m
S1

•P
5m
•
S2
a) 34 W / m 2 if the sources are incoherent.
b) 4 W / m 2 if the sourced are coherent but out of phase.
c) 25 W / m 2 If S1 is switched off.
d) 64 W / m 2 if the sources and coherent and in phase.
(ABD)
P
Intensity at a distance r from a sound of power out put P is given by I 
4 r 2
0.9 1 0.9 9
 I1  2
m   25 / m2 ; I2  2
  9  / m2
4  3  40 4  5  1000
2
For incoherent interference, I  I1  I 2  34  / m
2
For coherent interference with    , I   I1  I 2   4  / m 2
For coherent interference, with   0 ,
2
I  I1  I 2   64  / m 2

167 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
12. Two coherent identical sound sources S1 and S2 (wavelength  each) are kept at adistance6 
from each other. Consider two circles C1 and C2 as shown in the figure.
Then

A) number of places where maxima will be observed on C2 is 8.

B) number of places where maxima will be observed on C1 will be 8.
C) number of places where minima will be observed on C2 is 8.
D) Number of places where minima will be observed on C1 is 16
(ACD)
All maximas are shown clearly in figure. There will be a minima in between consecutive
maximas.

INTEGERTYPE QUESTIONS

13. S1 & S2 are two coherent sources of sound separated by distance 100.25  , where  is the wave
length of sound. Initially at t = 0 sec S1 leads S2 in phase by  . A and B are two points on the
2
line joining S1 and S2 as shown in figure. The ratio of amplitudes of source S1 and S2 are in
ratio 1:2. The ratio of resultant intensity at B to the intensity at A is K:1 then the value of K is
(Assume S1, S2 sources generates plane progressive waves)
A S1 S2 B

100.25
(9)
 
For interference at A : S2 is S1 by a distance of 100  . (equal to phase difference ).Further S2
4 2

lags S1 by . Hence the waves from S1 and S2 interfere at A with a phase difference of 200.5
2
  0.5  201  
Hence the net amplitude at A is 2a  a  a
 
For interference at B : S2 is ahead of S1 by a distance of 100  . (equal to phase difference ).
4 2

Further S2 lags S1 by .
2
Hence waves from S1 and S2 interfere at B with a phase difference of
200.5  0.5  200   0 .

168 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
Hence the net amplitude at A is 2 a  a  3 a
2
 I B   3a 
Hence       9
 IA   a 

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

14.

169 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
17- ECHO – MQ

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. A man walks towards a cliff while beating a drum at the rate of 5 beats per second till the echo of
beating disappears completely. He walks at the rate of 8 kilometres per hour. Calculate the
distance of the man from the cliff in the beginning if he walked for 5 minutes. (Velocity of sound
in air = 350 m/s)
[702 m]

170 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
18- SOUND LEVEL – MQ

SINGLE ANS TYPE QUESTIONS

1.

(3)

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

2. At point A, 3.0 m from a small source of sound that is emitting uniformly in all directions, the
sound intensity level is 53 dB. (a) What is the intensity of the sound at A? (b) How far from the
source must you go so that the intensity is one-fourth of what it was at A? (c) How far must you
go so that the sound intensity level is one-fourth of what it was at A? (d) Does intensity obey the
inverse-square law? What about sound intensity level?

171 | Page
NLIGHIITEN WAVE MOTION
3. (a) If two sounds differ by 5.00 dB, find the ratio of the intensity of the louder sound to that of the
softer one. (b) If one sound is 100 times as intense as another, by how much do they differ in
sound intensity level (in decibels)? (c) If you increase the volume of your stereo so that the
intensity doubles, by how much does the sound intensity level increase?

4.

[3 × 106 m/s]

172 | Page