8

Mathematics
Activity Sheet
Quarter 4 – MELC 5
Determining the Conditions Under
which Lines and Segments are
Parallel or Perpendicular

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

Mathematics 8
Activity Sheet No. 5
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

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reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Mathematics Activity Sheet

Writer: Inie S. De Felix

Illustrator: Inie S. De Felix
Editor: Rowena F. Luza
Layout Artist: Inie S. De Felix
Schools Division Quality Assurance Team:
Dr. Calin A. Bernales
Rowena F. Luza
Elenia P. Baranda
Division of Capiz Management Team:
Dr. Salvador O. Ochavo Jr.
Nicasio S. Frio
Dr. Segundina F. Dollete
Shirley A. de Juan
Elenia P. Baranda
Regional Management Team
Ramir B. Uytico, EdD, CESO IV
Pedro T. Escobarte, Jr.,
Elena CESO
PhD., P. Gonzaga,
V EdD
Donald T. Genine
Adonis A. Mosquera

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Introductory Message

Welcome to Mathematics 8 Learning Activity Sheets!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Capiz and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas through
the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is developed to
guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible adults) in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed to

guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the
contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Mathematics Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the leaching-learning
activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) with
minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you and learner. This will be made
available to the learners with the references/links to ease the independent learning.

For the learner:

The Mathematics Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue learning

even if you are not in school. This learning material provides you with meaningful
and engaging activities for independent learning. Being an active learner, carefully
read and understand the instructions then perform the activities and answer the
assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed schedule.

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Quarter 4, Week 5
 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 9
Name: __________________________Grade Level and Section: __________
Date: ___________

MATHEMATICS 8 ACTIVITY SHEET

Determining the Conditions under which Lines and Segments are Parallel or
Perpendicular
I. Learning Competency

 Determines the conditions under which lines and segments are parallel or
perpendicular (M8GE-IVe-1)

II. Background Information for Learners

Parallelism
1. Two lines are parallel if and only if they are coplanar and they do not intersect,
(mǁn )

2. A line that intersects two or more lines at different points is called a

transversal.
a. The angles formed by the transversal with the two other lines are called:
 Exterior Angles (∠ 1 ,∠ 2, ∠ 7∧∠ 8 ¿
 Interior Angles (∠ 3 , ∠ 4 ,∠ 5∧∠ 6 ¿
b. The pairs of angles formed by the transversal with the other two lines are
called:
 Corresponding Angles (
∠ 1∧∠5 , ∠ 2∧∠ 6 ,∠ 3∧∠ 7 , ∠4∧∠8 ¿
 Alternate-Interior Angles (∠ 3∧∠ 6 , ∠ 4∧∠ 5 ¿
 Alternate-Exterior Angles (∠ 1∧∠ 8 ,∠ 2∧∠ 7 ¿
 Interior Angles on the same side of the transversal (∠ 3∧∠ 5 ,∠
4 and ∠ 6 ¿
 Exterior Angles on the same side of the transversal (
∠ 1∧∠7 ,∠ 2∧∠ 8 ¿

3. If two lines are cut by a transversal, then the two lines are parallel
a. Corresponding angles are congruent
b. Alternate-Interior Angles are congruent
 c. Alternate-Exterior Angles are congruent
d. Interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary
e. Exterior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary

Perpendicularity
Two lines that intersect to form right angles are said to be perpendicular. This
is not limited to lines only. Segments and rays can also be a perpendicular. A
perpendicular bisector of a segment is a line or a ray or another segment that is
perpendicular to the segment and intersects the segment at its midpoint. The
distance between two parallel lines is the perpendicular distance between one of
the lines and any point on the other line.
perpendicular

perpendicular

p
Perpendicular distance
between the parallel lines

x y z

Perpendicular bisector
XY ≅ YZ

The small rectangle drawn in the corner indicates “right angle”. Whereas, ⊥ is
a symbol use to indicate perpendicularity of lines as in XZ⊥PY.
To prove that two lines are perpendicular, you must show that one of the following
theorems is true:
1. If two lines are perpendicular to each other, then they form four right angles.

If m ⊥n ,then we can conclude

that
n 1 2 ∠ 1 ,∠ 2, ∠ 3∧∠ 4 are right angles.
3 4

2. If the angles in a linear pair are congruent, then the lines containing their
sides are perpendicular.

l1
If ∠ 1 and ∠ 2form a linear pair
and ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 2 ,then l 1 ⊥ l 2
l2
 1 2
3 4

3. If two angles are adjacent and complementary, the non-common sides are
perpendicular.

C
R

If ∠ CAR and ∠ EAR are

complementary and
adjacent, then AC ⊥ AE

A E

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Educational Sites

G8 Mathematics Teacher’s Guide pp.484-489

IV. Activity Proper

Exercise 1

Direction: Write each pair of lines as parallel or perpendicular.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Exercise 2

Direction: Look at the figure below and answer the questions that below.
A D
O U

R M

I
 S N

P T

B V

´ and OT
__________1. What is the intersecting point of PU ´ ?
__________ 2. Write the two pairs of parallel and perpendicular lines in the above
figure.
´ ?
__________3. Is there any line parallel to OT
__________4. Name the lines that are perpendicular to AB´
´
__________5. Is DV perpendicular to any line?
´ perpendicular to PU
__________6. Is OT ´ ? Why?
__________7. Are lines RM´ ∧SN´ perpendicular to any other than AB ´ ?

Exercise 3

Direction: Match the description on the top with the visual image on the bottom.
´
´ is perpendicular to CD
1. AB ´ is perpendicular to RD
4. TV ´
´ parallel to DE
2. AC ´ ´ is perpendicular to GH
5. PU ´
´ ´
3. AC is perpendicular to BD

A. B. A C. G
T E P
A E

H
U
B C D C V D

T
A E
D. E.
G H
C
V. Reflection D V
B
Guide Questions

1. What have you learned from the lesson?

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2. In which aspect of daily living where can we apply the concept of parallel
and perpendicular lines? Explain briefly.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
VI. Answer Key

Exercises 1
1. parallel
2. perpendicular
3. parallel
4. perpendicular

Exercises 2
1. point O
´ DV
2. ABǁ ´ ǁ SN
´ , RM ´ , AB⊥
´ ´ ,
SN ´
AB⊥ ´ ⊥ SN
´ , DV
RM ´ , AB⊥
´ ´
RM
3. NO
´
4. AB⊥ ´
´ , AB⊥
RM ´
SN
´ ⊥ RM
5. YES, DV ´ and DV ´ ⊥ SN
´
6. NO, doesn’t form right angles
´
7. YES, DV

Exercises 3
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. E
5. C