a MENSURATION

TR G ÑoMETRy AREA VOLUMES

20 25 Marks
TRIANGLES
To
HYP
a
160 601
EQUILATERAL 7 7
b
Allsidesequal ISOSCELES
All angles 60 RIGHT ANGLED
a and b
are called the
I f
legs of right
IF ANY ONE ANGLE OF AN
Angle
ISOSCELES TRIANGLE IS 60

IT AUTOMATICALLY BECOMES
AN EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE
 state value
of length AB I mark

AB 15
15 To 15

a THOUGHT PROCESS

1 OA OB 15 radius of circle
2 Now we know DOAB is isosceles
3 Angle at 0 is 60
IF ANY ONE ANGLE OF AN
ISOSCELES TRIANGLE IS 60

IT AUTOMATICALLY BECOMES
AN EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE

4 Hence all anglesand sides are equal

This is only for

Isosceles
Triangle
12

60
15
If I draw a height in a triangle will
it cut the base in two equal halves

I h

h h
a
viiÉtÉRAL
isosceles EET
In SCALENE
case
of equilateral
and isosceles triangles Al
holes angles
it cuts in two equal are different are different

halves
 RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLE
PYTHAGORAS THEOREM TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS

No otherangles than one angle other than 90

90 are involved given is involved given
to be found

It H H
a
base.TO
adjacent
p
T
b perpendicular B
opposite

H at b Sind P Sino
H
coso B COSO I
H
tand P tand
B
ppl have
some SO H
arly Brain air CAH
Throughproperbrusing TO A
Q Find value of x
132 2 52
1 13 169 22 25

7 22 169 25
m 144
N 144
12

2 x 102 42
x
x2 100 16
I 116
4 1116
10.77032
 12
sino I
H
y
30 Sin30 a
I 12
R 125mn30
6

4 20
COSO B
H
60 00560 I
2 1 20
2000560
10

5
Boy To
T tan20 a
I 4
4tan20
1.45588
6 Sin
5
3g
38
In sin
3
i

36.8699

NOTE Sin cos tan

Inverse
trig ratios are ALWAYS used
when we have to find angle
tank
6
5
tan
I
10 E
63.4349

if
Mode
 i

5
R 4500518

R 427975

4 27975

SinB
B

B sin
E
B 36.031879
D 11 68118 6
5.68118
11.68118

V
D

A 14.3
11.68118
10.2 6

B 8248636 E B 8248636

10.2 CB 6 14.32 8 2486362 CD

104.04 CBT36 204.49 68.04 CD
CB 68.04
D 136.45
CB 8.248636 11.68118
CD

5.68118
 5068118 5.68

5068075 5.68
05.680325 5.68

74.263696
111.514 9

6552 55
P x TP a x tr
tants tan 55 QR
52
PR 524m65 QR 520m55
111.514359 QR 74.263696

PQ 111.514359 74.263696

PO 37.25066
 IF NOT RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLE

Sine Rule CosRule

Sine Rule only works

if no complete
if one complete pair is given in
angle side pair is question
in question
given

SINE RULE

SUB C

I
singA
b Sin
a

c SineRule can only be

used if one
B
is
angle side pair
given in the

question si

X Six b

tryto invent
Don't

maths
 A sin30
Q Siglo
15
ftp.tii
a
15sin40
4ocrsin30
R 155m40
sin30
B
x 19.2836

I 3,4 8 1 5

Q a Finda sin30 Sink

12 18
12 sink 185mn30
sink 185in30
18 12
sink 0.75
R sin 0.75
n 48.59038
 Not Right Pythagoras
Q a
trig Ratios
12 Complete pair sine
Rule
76 15 CosRule

COS Rule ONLY ONE ANGLE IS INVOLVED

A I
b COSA 52 a_
c
2
a
a
B
COS B a tc b
2 a c

COSC a b C
2 a b
 This is a part Make sure youdo
4 Mark
all steps exactly like this
use calculatoron partsonly
highlighted

x 00560 122 152 75

21127115

760
IF
15
00560
I
369
360
22

Note Jo cheese subject 3600560 369 22

banani no it should 22 36000560 369
be tve x 369 3600560
x 189
5189 13.7477

MI method
2Mark
Al Answer

If a student has not

earned M marks
You cannot earn A
marks
 122 152 132
Q Q
COSK

212 15
13
COSK 200

7
if 15
R
R
360

0051
p 30
x 56.251014

TRIGONOMETRY
QUESTION

RIGHT ANGLED NOT RIGHT

ANGLED TRIANGLE
angles Angles one angle side No Pair
notinvolved involved pair is given Given

PYTHAGORAS TRIGRATIOS SINE RULE LOSRule

2 marks 2 Marks 3 Marks 3 4
marks

Branches 1 Area of atriangle

2 Angleof elevation depression
31 Bearings
4 How to use in 3D shapes
trig
 I Éisuration
AREA OF A TRIANGLE
A x b x h
is
I
bas
pot m he 90 Distance from the
a
g THIRD Point on the BASELINE

I baste I
Rule Every Triangle has 3 bases
Each base will have its own height
In formula you have to use
correct pair of base and height

Find area this triangle

Q of
h
5 A x b th
8
I
1 I
x 15 8
10 ItP
Go
 III

baseline
base

Bottini
Q Find area
of A ABC

15 A bxh
h
Ex
4 x 5
A
4 C 3 Baseline
Lx
base
1
This is not part
A 10

of base This
is baseline which
isextended
 T

base
line

THIRD
Point

t a

post'M
THIRD

Baseline
t
base

bar
h
2
THIRD
 IF NO CORRECT PAIR OF BASE HEIGHT
is AVAILABLE
Now The Question will give an
angle
A

b x
Egging Ingle
E B

c't a

A b c sin A
I
A a c sin B
L
A a b sin c
I
p Find area of triangle PQR
Q
A 12 15 Sin 30
12
I
377715
R
A 45
a
 p
Q 10 A 18 Sin 30

TI 42
R
I youcannot put any
q side except for the

Q
Fist neighboring sides here
in boxes

A 10 18 sin 92
I
A 60 22176

BEARINGS
Used to tell direction In
nary and aviation
North N
Clockwise
I
W
II
E

s
 we will do one to
easy question
understand the process
Q NORTH

Iii
Morth

3011,3J
can Find bearing of B
Eod.A 120

b Find bearing of A
EBQ 9090 90 30
300

PROCESS 1 Make cross on alphabet

after the word from

2
Split angles if possible

3 Mark all Z angles

4 Find bearings
 ANorth

É
Q
no

itD 3

10 441 6

12.340 3 123.40
Rule must be threedigits
Find Bearing of before decimal
070
a B
from A 12.34 012.34
b C from A 70 30 90 10 100 6.4 006.4
C C from B 90 50 140 0.5 000.5
d A from B 90 90 70 250
e
A from C 90 90 90 10 280
f B from C 90 90 90710 40 320
360 40 320
 ANGLE OF ELEVATION AND DEPRESSION

depression f

elevation
8h

Z 1es
Note 1 angle of angle of ang
elevation Depression
2 Both angle of elevation and angie
of depression are made with a
HORIZONTAL Line

Q depression Find angle

5 of depression
of B from D
A B 12 I
tame

e tan 22.61986
I
elevation depression 22.61986
 P2 OBTUSE ANGLE VARIATION

Q Given that x is
I Finda
and find
Eng
OBTUSE a
ignore
sin 30
15 14 SKY
14 sink 15 Sin30
sink 155in30
14
sink
Is
a Sin
Ig
32.3923 Acute
For obtuse 180 ACUTE
180 32.3923
147 6077 OBTUSE
 0 90 Acute
90 Right
90 180 Obtuse Angle
180 Straight
180 360 Reflex

P1 SPECIAL CONCEPT 1 MARK

Acute
Dont home
trythisat

Sin 30 0.5 sin 50 0.5

cos 30 0.866 205150 0.866
tan 30 0.577 tan 50 0.577

when there are two neighboring angles on

a
straight line one is acute other is obtuse
Numerical value
of sin cos tan of both angles is
exactly same
cos and tan obtuse angle is negative
of
 NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED FOR THIS QUESTION

5
3
Acute
a I

iv VI Sin ABD OBTUSE

Find value of COSABD OBTUSE

Ii sin CBD cos Acute sinacute

By
Ii Cos CDB
Iii tan CDB cos obtuse Obtuse

ABD SinABD 35

OBTUSE
14 tan ABD
t.amAcute
f
tan obtuse

tanABD
 OBTUSE

Acute

Cos Acute
If
cosobtuse 13

TREATTHESE AS CALCULATOR BASED CALCULATOR

sino
If 5BD 10 13
BD 40 1
BD 26 26
 60137
90 90 90 30 360 60 300
3
90 30 120

300
120

360 12 348
TJ
90 90 38 218 48

348
218