3rd Generation Intel® Core™

Processor with Mobile Intel®

HM76/QM77 Express Chipset
Customer Reference Board
Platform Guide

March 2014

Document Number: 537254-1.2

 Introduction

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Copyright © 2014, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.

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Introduction

Contents
1 Introduction .....................................................................................................5
1.1 Purpose ................................................................................................5
1.2 Intended Audience .................................................................................5
1.3 Related Documents.................................................................................5
1.4 Conventions ..........................................................................................5
1.5 Acronyms and Terminology ......................................................................6

2 Intel® 3rd Generation Intel® Core™ Processor with Mobile Intel® HM76/QM77
Express Chipset Hardware Platform .....................................................................7
2.1 Intel® Firmware Support Package .............................................................8

3 Customer Reference Board .................................................................................9

4 Example Boot Loader ....................................................................................... 11
4.1 Example Boot Loader Design .................................................................. 11
4.2 Boot Loader Development Environment ................................................... 11
4.3 Preparing the Coreboot Build Environment ............................................... 12

5 Building the Example Boot Loader ..................................................................... 13

6 Updating the Firmware .................................................................................... 15
6.1 Programming the Firmware .................................................................... 15
6.1.1 Connecting the SF100 to the Reference Platform .......................... 16
6.2 Creating a Firmware Backup .................................................................. 19
6.3 Replacing the SPI-0 Contents ................................................................. 20
6.4 Programming a Boot Loader Firmware Image in SPI-1 ............................... 21
6.4.1 If Boot Loader Image Is Less Than 8 MB ..................................... 22
6.5 Booting the Example Boot Loader ........................................................... 22
7 Creating Custom Images .................................................................................. 24
7.1 Edit Coreboot Image Specifications ......................................................... 24
7.2 Binary Configuration Tool ...................................................................... 24

Figures
Figure 1. Hardware Platform...................................................................................................8
Figure 2. Customer Reference Board Block Diagram...................................................................9
Figure 3. Serial Port Location................................................................................................ 10
Figure 4. SF100 Programmer ................................................................................................ 15
Figure 5. DediProg* Cable .................................................................................................... 16
Figure 6. CRB Headers and Jumpers ...................................................................................... 17
Figure 7. J2E1 Header Location ............................................................................................. 18
Figure 8. Jumper Locations .................................................................................................. 19
Figure 9. Power (Top) and Reset Buttons ............................................................................... 22

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 Introduction

Revision History

Date Revision Description

March 2014 1.2 First public release.

January 2014 1.1 Added support for both Windows- and Linux-based FSP Kits.

November 2013 1.0 Initial draft.

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Introduction

1 Introduction

1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to provide information about the 3rd Generation
Intel® Core™ Processor with Mobile Intel® HM76/QM77 Express Chipset Customer
Reference Board (CRB) code named Cougar Canyon 2 (hereafter referred to as "the
CRB"), with guidance for building an example boot loader for the CRB that is based on
the Intel® Firmware Support Package (FSP).

1.2 Intended Audience

This document is targeted at all platform and system developers who intend to use an
FSP-based boot loader for the firmware solution for their overall design. This group
includes, but is not limited to, system BIOS developers, boot loader developers, and
system integrators.

1.3 Related Documents

• Intel® Firmware Support Package: Introduction Guide – available at
http://www.intel.com/fsp
• 3rd Generation Intel® Core™ Processor with Mobile Intel® HM76/QM77 Express
Chipset Integration Guide – included in the corresponding FSP kit – available at
http://www.intel.com/fsp
• Binary Configuration Tool for Intel® Firmware Support Package – available at
http://www.intel.com/fsp

1.4 Conventions
To better illustrate some of its points, this document may provide code snippets. Such
code snippets follow the GNU C Compiler and GNU Assembler syntax.

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 Introduction

1.5 Acronyms and Terminology

AMT Advanced Management Technology

AVT Advanced Vector Extensions

BCT Binary Configuration Tool

BSP Boot Strap Processor

BWG BIOS Writer’s Guide

CRB Customer Reference Board

DMI Direct Media Interface

FDI Flexible Display Interface

FSP Firmware Support Package

FSP API Firmware Support Package Application Programming Interface

ME Management Engine

FWG Firmware Writer’s Guide

PCD Platform Configuration Database

PCH Platform Controller Hub

SMI System Management Interrupt

SMM System Management Mode

SMRAM System Management RAM

SPI Serial Peripheral Interface

TSEG Top Segment, a reserved segment of memory at the top of its address space to
be used as SMRAM

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Intel® 3rd Generation Intel® Core™ Processor with Mobile Intel® HM76/QM77 Express Chipset
Hardware Platform

2 Intel® 3rd Generation Intel®

Core™ Processor with Mobile
Intel® HM76/QM77 Express
Chipset Hardware Platform
The CRB is based on the Intel® 3rd Generation Intel® Core™ Processor with Mobile
Intel® HM76/QM77 Express Chipset Hardware platform, code named Chief River
(hereafter referred to as "the hardware platform"). The hardware platform is built on
22 nm process technology.

Some of the features of the hardware platform are the following:

• Integrated graphics

• Low power consumption

• PCIe* Gen 3.0 Graphics (PEG) port

• Flexible display interface

• Full integration of CPU, GPU, and memory controller

• Proactive security and manageability with Intel® Advanced Management

Technology (Intel® AMT) 8.0

• Intel® Advanced Vector Extensions (Intel® AVX v1.0)

Figure 1 illustrates the hardware platform’s major components.

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 Intel® 3rd Generation Intel® Core™ Processor with Mobile Intel® HM76/QM77 Express Chipset
Hardware Platform

Figure 1. Hardware Platform

2.1 Intel® Firmware Support Package

An Intel® Firmware Support Package (FSP) is a firmware component provided in
binary form that contains initialization code for a specific Intel platform. Engineers
building systems that are based on a particular platform can integrate the
corresponding FSP with the boot loader of their choice.

The FSP for the hardware platform handles the initialization of the processor, memory,
and the Platform Controller Hub (PCH) for hardware designs based on this hardware
platform.

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Customer Reference Board

3 Customer Reference Board

The CRB is based on the hardware platform as illustrated in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Customer Reference Board Block Diagram

Note: The CRB provides both a serial console and graphics output capabilities. If you are
developing a boot loader for which all user interaction is performed through the serial
console, use the DB-9 serial port located on the back edge of the board, directly above
the VGA port, as illustrated in Figure 3.

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 Customer Reference Board

Figure 3. Serial Port Location

Connect a null modem cable between a development host system and the board.

The default serial communication parameters for the serial console are as follows:
• 115,200 baud
• 8-N-1 bit configuration
• No flow control

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Example Boot Loader

4 Example Boot Loader

Intel provides and supports the 3rd Generation Intel® Core™ Processors with Mobile
Intel® HM76/QM77 Express Chipsets Firmware Support Package (hereafter referred to
as "the FSP kit") for the CRB. However, Intel does not provide or support a complete
boot loader solution for this CRB.

The embedded firmware ecosystem has developed an example boot loader solution for
the CRB that uses the Intel FSP. This solution is based on the open source Coreboot
project at coreboot.org. While Intel does not endorse or support boot loader solutions
based on the Coreboot project, the example Coreboot-based boot loader provides a
good teaching model for the way to integrate the Intel FSP into a complete boot
loader solution.

Note: The steps to generate the example boot loader for the CRB are provided to Intel
customers as-is, with no warranty or support. Please contact a firmware ecosystem
vendor to help you develop a production-worthy firmware solution based on the Intel®
FSP for your hardware designs.

4.1 Example Boot Loader Design

The FSP’s role is to initialize the processor, memory, and PCH. The example Coreboot-
based boot loader calls into the FSP for these initialization steps, then goes on to
prepare and load a primary target that the Coreboot project calls a payload. See the
Coreboot project’s documentation for further details.

The default payload for the example Coreboot-based boot loader is the SeaBIOS,
which is provided by a related open source firmware project. The SeaBIOS attempts to
boot an OS image from a storage device attached to the CRB.

4.2 Boot Loader Development Environment

Although the FSP itself can be used with any software development environment, the
example Coreboot-based boot loader described herein was developed using Fedora*
14 and Fedora* 16 Linux* and the standard GNU development tools.

Note: Intel does not endorse or support any specific development environment for
developing boot loader firmware that integrates with the FSP.

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 Example Boot Loader

4.3 Preparing the Coreboot Build Environment

To download the Coreboot.org development environment, your development host
must have the git version control system installed.

Once Coreboot has been downloaded, you must run a command to download and build
the exact GCC toolchain required by the Coreboot project. In order to build the
Coreboot-specific toolchain, your development host must have its own distribution-
provided GCC tool chain. Consult the documentation at coreboot.org for the tool chain
components required.

On your development host, follow these steps to download the Coreboot.org

development environment and then build its required GCC tool chain:
1. Create a directory to contain your project. This directory is to be the parent of the
coreboot directory. For the purpose of these example steps for the CRB, we will
refer to this as the CC2 directory.
2. Navigate into your new CC2 project directory.
3. Use the git clone command as follows:
git clone http://review.coreboot.org/p/coreboot

This step downloads a directory named coreboot.

4. Navigate into the coreboot directory.
5. Run the following command to build the project-specific GCC tool chain required
by the Coreboot project:
make crossgcc

This command can take from a few minutes up to an hour or more to complete,
depending on the power of your development host.

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Building the Example Boot Loader

5 Building the Example Boot

Loader
To integrate the Intel® FSP with the Coreboot.org project to build the example boot
loader for the CRB, you must do the following:
• Download, install, and unzip the FSP kit.
• Copy files from the FSP kit to a new directory parallel to the coreboot
directory that was created in the previous chapter.
• Run the make menuconfig command to select the CRB and its build options.
• Run make.

Follow these steps:

1. Go to www.intel.com/fsp and download the FSP kit, which is distributed both as a
Microsoft Windows® executable file, CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT.exe, and as a Linux
archive, CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT.tgz. You can use either version of the FSP kit to
build the example boot loader.
2. Install the kit:
• For Windows: Execute the CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT.exe file and follow the
on-screen dialogs to install the Chief River FSP kit. The default installation
directory is C:\CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT.
• For Linux: Extract the contents of the CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT.tgz file and
follow the instructions in the Readme_Extract.txt file.

The FSP kit will extract into a CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT subfolder.

3. Navigate to the CC2 directory on your development host that you created in the
previous chapter. Create a new subdirectory named intel parallel to the
coreboot directory.
4. Copy files from the CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT subdirectory where the FSP kit was
installed to the CC2/intel directory on your development host as follows, creating
the path to the specified target directories as required:

a. Copy CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT/FSP/*.fd to
CC2/intel/fsp/ivybridge_bd82x6x and rename the file to FvFsp.bin.

b. Copy CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT/FSP/include/*.h to
CC2/intel/fsp/ivybridge_bd82x6x/include.

c. Copy CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT/FSP/src/fsphob.c to
CC2/intel/fsp/ivybridge_bd82x6x/src.

d. Copy CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT/Microcode/*.h to
CC2/intel/cpu/ivybridge/microcode.

e. Copy CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT/CougarCanyon2/snm_2170.dat to
CC2/intel/mainboard/intel/cougar_canyon2/vbios.

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 Building the Example Boot Loader

5. Navigate to the CC2/coreboot directory and run

make menuconfig
6. Open the mainboard menu. Select Intel as the Mainboard vendor and Cougar
Canyon 2 CRB as the Mainboard model.
7. Use Exit at the bottom of the screen to back out to the main menu, then select
the Chipset menu.
8. Move to the Use Intel Firmware Support Package option and press the space
bar to select it. Leave all other settings in their default state.
9. Back out to the main menu, then select the Console menu. Navigate to the
Default console log level option and set it to 4: WARNING.
10. Select Exit twice to return to the command prompt. Save the configuration when
prompted to do so.
11. Now, build the boot loader with one command:
make
12. If the build completes without errors, the newly created firmware image is
generated into the following directory and file:
coreboot/build/coreboot.rom

The default coreboot.rom file is 8 MB in size. This file can be programmed into
the firmware flash memory device on the CRB by following the procedures in the
next section.

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Updating the Firmware

6 Updating the Firmware

By default, the CRB comes from Intel with a standard BIOS installed.

The CRB is equipped with two 8 MB Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) flash memory
devices designated SPI-0 and SPI-1 that together contain the system firmware. The
firmware descriptor, management engine (ME) firmware, and Gigabit Ethernet
firmware are all contained in SPI-0, while the BIOS or boot loader is contained in
SPI-1.

6.1 Programming the Firmware

The flash devices on the CRB can be programmed with new firmware using a
DediProg* SF100 programmer, which is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4. SF100 Programmer

The SF100 connects to a host development system through its USB plug for
communication with the controller software and to obtain power; it connects to the
flash device to be programmed through the ISP pin header.

Additional technical information about the SF100 programmer, including drivers and
software for Microsoft* Windows* environments, can be obtained from DediProg*’s
website at:

http://www.dediprog.com/product/SPI%20Flash%20Solution/89

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 Updating the Firmware

The SF100 programmer is also supported by the Linux* flashrom utility. Note,
however, that the flashrom utility is not supported by DediProg or by Intel. Additional
technical information about the flashrom utility can be obtained from the flashrom
website at:

http://www.flashrom.org/

All of the following instructions regarding use of the SF100 programmer assume that
you have the DediProg* SF100 drivers and software installed on a PC running
Microsoft Windows.

6.1.1 Connecting the SF100 to the Reference Platform

The SF100 includes a cable (shown in Figure 5) that connects between the ISP pin
header and the 8-pin header labeled J2E1 on the CRB (shown in Figure 6).

Figure 5. DediProg* Cable

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Updating the Firmware

Figure 6. CRB Headers and Jumpers

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 Updating the Firmware

Figure 7 shows a close-up of the J2E1 header location.

Figure 7. J2E1 Header Location

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Updating the Firmware

Figure 8 shows a close-up of the jumpers you must change while backing up and
programming the SPI-0 and SPI-1 chips.

Figure 8. Jumper Locations

6.2 Creating a Firmware Backup

It is important to back up any existing working firmware so that you can always
restore the system back to a known working condition. The CRB ships with a BIOS
installed.

Use the following procedure to back up the as-shipped firmware:

1. Disconnect the power from the CRB. Do not apply power to the CRB at any
time during this procedure.
2. Connect the cable from the SF100 programmer to header J2E1 on the CRB.
3. Make sure that jumpers are installed at locations J2C2 and J2D1.
4. Set the jumper at J2C3 to connect pins 1-2. This step selects SPI-0.
5. Open the DediProg Engineering application.
6. Select W25Q64BV when prompted for the memory device type.
7. In the DediProg* Engineering application, next to the Currently working on
section near the top of the window, be sure to select Application Memory
Chip 1.
8. Click the Edit button at the top of the window.

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 Updating the Firmware

9. Click Read at the top of the window. Wait for the completion of the read
operation.
10. Click Chip Buffer to File to save the 8 MB firmware image to a file.
11. Close the View Contents in the Memory Chip window.
12. Set the jumper at J2C3 to connect pins 2-3. This step selects SPI-1.
13. Repeat steps 8–11 to save the SPI-1 firmware image to a file.
14. Remove the cable from header J2E1 before applying power to the CRB.

Note: Contrary to other documentation, you do not need to remove the jumpers from
locations J2C2, J2D1, or J2C3 before powering on the CRB.

6.3 Replacing the SPI-0 Contents

Boot loaders that are based on the FSP are programmed to the SPI-1 chip. However,
for the boot loader to function on the CRB, the SPI-0 chip must contain a firmware
descriptor, the management engine (ME) firmware, and the Gigabit Ethernet firmware.
An 8 MB file containing the contents for SPI-0 is included in the FSP kit, with filename
Rom00_8M_MB_PPT.bin. The firmware descriptor in this file is configured so that all 8
MB of SPI-1 on the CRB can be used for the boot loader firmware image.

You must load this Rom00_8M_MB_PPT.bin file into SPI-0 one time, after which SPI-0
does not need to be changed. The following steps must be performed only once:
1. Disconnect the power from the CRB. Do not apply power to the CRB at any
time during this procedure.
2. Connect the cable from the SF100 programmer to header J2E1 on the CRB.
3. Make sure that jumpers are installed at locations J2C2 and J2D1.
4. Set the jumper at J2C3 to connect pins 1-2. This step selects SPI-0.
5. Open the DediProg Engineering application.
6. Select W25Q64BV when prompted for the memory device type.
7. Next to the Currently working on section near the top of the window, make sure
that Application Memory Chip 1 is selected.
8. Click the Config button at the top of the window.
9. In the Advanced Settings dialog that appears, click the Prog button on the left.
10. Select Program a whole file starting from address 0 of a chip.
11. Click the Flash Options button on the left.
12. Select the check box Unprotect block automatically when block(s)
protected.
13. Click OK.
14. Click the File button at the top of the window. This step opens a File Open dialog
for selecting the firmware image to be programmed to the board. Select the 8 MB
image file named Rom00_8M_MB_PPT.bin delivered with the FSP kit in the
CHIEF_RIVER_FSP_KIT/CougarCanyon2 directory. Click OK.
15. Click the Erase button at the top of the window to erase the entire flash memory
device. Wait for completion of the erase operation.
16. Click the Prog button at the top of the window to program the Intel-provided
firmware image to the flash memory device on the target platform. Wait for
completion of the programming operation.

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17. Click the Verify button at the top of the window to verify that the firmware image
was successfully programmed to the flash memory device. Wait for completion of
the verify operation.
18. Remove the cable from header J2E2 before applying power to the CRB.
19. Go on to program the boot loader into chip SPI-1 before applying power to the
CRB.

6.4 Programming a Boot Loader Firmware Image in

SPI-1
Use the following procedure to program an 8-MB boot loader firmware image to the
CRB. If your boot loader is less than 8 MB in size, see Section 6.4.1 instead.
1. Disconnect the power from the CRB. Do not apply power to the CRB at any
time during this procedure.
2. Transfer the coreboot.rom file you built in in section 5 from your Linux
development system to the Windows* system running the DediProg* software.
3. Connect the cable from the SF100 programmer to the header J2E1 on the CRB.
4. Make sure that jumpers are installed at locations J2C2 and J2D1.
5. Set the jumper at J2C3 to connect pins 2-3. This step selects SPI-1.
6. Open the DediProg* Engineering application.
7. Select W25Q64BV when prompted for the memory device type.
8. Next to the Currently working on section near the top of the window, make sure
that Application Memory Chip 1 is selected.
9. Click the Config button at the top of the window.
10. In the Advanced Settings dialog that appears, click the Prog button on the left.
11. Select Program a whole file starting from address 0 of a chip.
12. Click the Flash Options button on the left.
13. Select the check box Unprotect block automatically when block(s)
protected.
14. Click OK.
15. Click the File button at the top of the window. This step opens a File Open dialog
box for selecting the file containing the firmware image to be programmed to the
target platform. Select the coreboot.rom file that you transferred to this PC in
step 2, then click OK.
16. Click the Erase button at the top of the window to erase the entire flash memory
device. Wait for completion of the erase operation.
17. Click the Prog button at the top of the window to program the selected firmware
image to the flash memory device on the target platform. Wait for completion of
the programming operation.
18. Click the Verify button at the top of the window to verify that the firmware image
was successfully programmed to the flash memory device. Wait for completion of
the verify operation.
19. Remove the cable from header J2E2 before applying power to the CRB.

Note: Contrary to other documentation, you do not need to remove the jumpers from
locations J2C2, J2D1, or J2C3 before powering on the CRB.

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 Updating the Firmware

6.4.1 If Boot Loader Image Is Less Than 8 MB

If your boot loader image is less than 8 MB (such as 4 MB or 1 MB), the boot loader
image be programmed to the end of the SPI-1 chip. For example, a 4 MB image must
be programmed to the last 4 MB of the 8 MB chip, and a 1 MB image must be
programmed to the last MB of the 8 MB chip.

Follow the exact procedure in Section 6.4 above, except the following:

Instead of step 11, select Program from specific address of a chip, and enter the
appropriate starting address to match your firmware image. For example, if your
firmware image is 4 MB in size, specify a starting address of 0X0400000. If your
firmware image is 1 MB in size, specify a starting address of 0x0700000.

6.5 Booting the Example Boot Loader

By default, the Coreboot-based example boot loader boots into the Coreboot-provided
SeaBIOS. The default behavior of SeaBIOS is to seek a bootable OS image on an
attached storage device, such as a SATA or USB disk.

To interact with the boot loader, connect a terminal or terminal emulator to the DB-9
serial port. The CRB provides Power and Reset buttons, as shown in Figure 9. To
power up the board, turn on the power supply, and then press the board’s Power
button.

Figure 9. Power (Top) and Reset Buttons

When power is applied to the CRB and the boot loader initializes the board and boots
the SeaBIOS payload, various messages appear on the terminal connected to the
serial port.

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If a storage device with a bootable OS image is connected to one of the CRB’s SATA or
USB ports, the booting OS displays messages on the serial port terminal, or on an
attached VGA monitor, as determined by the configuration of the OS image. If the OS
image provides a graphical user interface on the VGA monitor, you may need to attach
a keyboard and mouse to either the USB ports or the PS/2 ports in order to fully
interact with the booted operating system.

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 Creating Custom Images

7 Creating Custom Images

There are two ways to edit the components of a boot loader image to specify custom
settings:
• Edit the Coreboot image specifications, then rebuild the coreboot.rom image
file.
• Edit the binary FSP file to include or exclude support for hardware features, or
to rebase the firmware volume image.

7.1 Edit Coreboot Image Specifications

Use the menuconfig utility provided with the Coreboot distribution to edit the
specifications of the coreboot.rom image file to be generated.

The following example shows the steps to build a 4-MB image file instead of an 8-MB
image file.
1. At the Bash prompt on your development host, navigate to the coreboot
directory.
2. Start the menuconfig utility with the following command:
make menuconfig
3. Use the arrow keys to select the Mainboard option.
4. Select the ROM chip size option.
5. Use the arrow keys to select the 4096 KB option.
6. Select Exit twice.
7. Select Yes to save your new configuration and exit the menuconfig utility.
8. Back at the Coreboot directory, to rebuild the coreboot.rom image file, type:
make

7.2 Binary Configuration Tool

Intel provides the Binary Configuration Tool (BCT) that lets you edit the FSP binary file
delivered with the FSP kit. Use the BCT for two purposes:
• To change the values in the Platform Configuration Database (PCD) within the
FSP binary. For example, you might need to change the SMBus addresses for
the DIMM slots on your production board if they are different from the
addresses used for the DIMM slots on the CRB.
• To rebase the firmware binary. The code within the FSP binary is not
relocatable code. Therefore, to locate it at an address in the boot loader other
than its default address of 0xFFF80000, you must rebase the FSP binary to the
desired address.

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24 Document Number: 537254-1.2
Creating Custom Images

Each Intel® FSP kit is packaged with a platform-specific binary settings file (.bsf),
which is a text file that represents the default PCD settings in the FSP binary file as it
is provided by Intel. Using the BCT, you can change the values of the settings listed in
the .bsf file. The modified settings are saved in an as-built settings file (.absf). After
modifying the settings, the BCT lets you patch those changes back into the binary
image.

The BCT package is a standalone tool, with its own user guide, and is not dependent
on a particular CPU, chipset, or platform.

Please refer to the BCT release package for further information on using this tool.

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Document Number: 537254-1.2 25