International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

GPS-GSM BASED VEHICLE MONITORING & SMART FUEL MEASUREMENT

SYSTEM
Aditya Jadhav1, Sonali Shirsekar2, Sahil Sankhe3 Savita Lade4

1,2,3,4 Student,Computer Science,Rajiv Gandhi Institute Of Technology,Mumbai,India

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Abstract - The paper describes the existing fuel gauge 2. EXISTING FUEL GAUGE TECHNIQUES
techniques being used in automobiles i.e. the traditional fuel
gauge system and the smart fuel gauge system and also The main reason for stretching a vehicles mileage is the
discusses their operating principle and a comparison is done fuel gauge present on the dashboard of the car which
between the two existing techniques based on performance, makes the driver think that they are running low on fuel
complexity and cost of development. Some issues with while there is plenty of fuel still left. Therefore the
respect to the existing techniques are identified and so a traditional system used is notoriously inaccurate; however
better alternate sensing technology has been suggested, some embedded systems were incorporated into the
described and justified.GPS is one of the technologies that traditional systems in order to obtain better accuracy.
are used in a huge number of applications today. One of the Presently the most common and traditional fuel indicator
applications is tracking your vehicle and keeps regular system makes use of the resistive float type sensors to
monitoring on them. This tracking system can inform you measure the level of fuel in the tank and this system
the location of the vehicle, and that information can be consists of two units
observed from any phone. It also includes the Automatic
Voice responding system that interacts with you for the 1) The ―sender unit responsible to measure the level of
password verification. This system uses GPS and GSM fuel in the tank,
technologies. The paper includes the hardware part which
comprises of GPS, GSM, Atmega microcontroller MAX 2) The gauge unit responsible to display the measured fuel
232,16x2 LCD, Ultrasonic sensor [1], ISD 1820 module and level to the driver [4]. Another technique is known as the
software part is used for interfacing all the required Smart fuel gauge system, which is similar to the traditional
modules. Main objective is to design a system that can be technique but also makes use of embedded systems such
easily installed and to provide platform for further as micro controllers or microprocessors for providing
enhancement. better accuracy.

Key Words: GPS, GSM, Tracking System, automobile fuel 3.OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF THE EXISTING
gauge, fuel indicator,capacitive level sensing, TECHNIQUES
ultrasonic

1.INTRODUCTION

A Fuel gauge is an instrument used to indicate the

level of fuel contained in a tank. Commonly used in
cars, these may also be used for any tank including
underground storage tanks. The systems consist of
two important circuitry that is for sensing and
indication of fuel level. The sensing unit usually uses
a float type sensor to measure fuel level while the
indicator system measures the amount of electric
current flowing through the sensing unit and
indicates fuel level. The sensing unit usually uses a
float type sensor to measure fuel level while the
indicator system measures the amount of electric
current flowing through the sensing unit and
Figure 1. Traditional Fuel Measurement
indicates fuel level. There are various techniques to
System
implement sensing and indicating systems.
As discussed in section 2, the traditional fuel indicator
consists of two units i.e. the sending unit and the gauge.

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 826
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

The Fig (1) shows the commonly used traditional fuel reads the GPS location & provide it GSM module. GSM
measurement system. The sending unit is located in the module sends the response to user. For Fuel measurement
fuel tank of the car and it consists of afloat, usually made will automated system. It will trigger the Microcontroller
of foam, connected to a thin, metal rod. The end of the once fuel inlet gets open, this will detect by IR sensor
metal rod is mounted on a variable resister or which is mounted near the inlet. After triggering using
potentiometer. The variable resistor consists of a strip of ultrasonic sensor controller will measure the fuel and
resistive material over it which moves across the variable sends it user through SMS.
resistor changing the resistance and flow of current
depending on the movement of the float with respect to
the level of fuel present in the fuel tank.

The Fig (1) shows that the fuel in the in the fuel tank is
almost empty and the float has moved to the bottom of the
tank moving the strip on the resistor thus increasing the
resistance to maximum and current flow through the
resistor becomes minimum thus displaying fuel empty on
the gauge[2]. The gauge consists of a bimetallic strip i.e. a
strip made of different kinds of metal and whose thermal
co-efficient of expansion differs from each other. When
resistance is decreases, current increases and thus the
strip is heated during which one metal expands less than
the other, so the strip curves, and this bending action is
what moves the needle move on the fuel gauge. As
resistance increases, less current passes through the
heating coil, so the bimetallic strip cools. As the strip cools,
it straightens out, pulling the gauge from full to empty. The
smart fuel gauge system techniques has been
implemented in some newer cars in which, instead of 5. FUEL MEASUREMENT
sending the current directly to the gauge, an intermediate
microprocessor is used to read the output of the resistor The system contains Ultrasound Sensor modules, Liquid
and then communicate with the dashboard for displaying Crystal Display (LCD) to show the updates. The whole
the fuel on the gauge corresponding to the read output system is controlled by using AVR controller (Ardiuno
voltage from the sending unit and these systems actually uno). Ultrasonic sensors are characterized by low-cost [3]
help improve the accuracy of the gauge. and the possibility of being used in environments and
situations where it is not possible to use more complex
4.PROPOSED SYSTEM sensors as camera systems and laser devices, optical
sensors. In this work, HC SR-04 which is ultrasonic electric
The project goal is to track the exact location of vehicle & telemeter modules was employed as ultrasonic
measuring the exact quantity of fuel inside fuel tank. transmitter [1] and receiver. This module can measure a
distance within 0.03-3 mt effectively and transform the
 Product should be able to send the data into impulse of different width [5]. At first 5us, pulse
vehicle location, once user will call on the is applied through the pin SIG of the module which
product number & provide authenticate triggers the transmitter to generate 40 kHz ultra sound
password. signal string. At the moment the receiver catches the
 Product will response to the call on voice reflected wave it generates a high pulse width which
based system, which will provide user corresponds to the time that the signal takes to reflected
with different options. back. By using this pulse width we can measure the
 User call selects those options, after distance as well as the fuel level.
proper selection user will receive the
data through SMS. 6. APPLICATIONS

In this system user will be provided with a product  Stolen vehicle recovery.
calling number on which user can call, provide the  Field service management.
password & user can select the option. After selecting  This circuit can be used in bike to know the
option user will receive response through SMS. quantity of petrol available in the tank.
 This circuit can also be used for security purpose
For Vehicle position or location GPS module has used in bike to avoid the petrol theft.
which can interact with micro-controller. Controller will

© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 827
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

7. CONCLUSION

Automobile theft and accidents in the transportation

systems have caused significant loss of lives, waste of
energy, and loss in productivity. To improve the safety,
security and efficiency of the transportation systems and
enable new mobile services and applications for the
traveling public, the project have been developed, which
apply rapidly emerging information technologies in
vehicles and transportation infrastructures. It is one of the
most challenging and critical issues for the industries. The
practical model of this paper proved to be very efficient,
cheaper, and reliable system for security.

8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We wish to express our sincere gratitude to our guide,

Prof. Savita Lade, Department of Computer Engineering
for her guidance and also provide positive support
throughout our project work. She helped us throughout
the project to develop new and innovative ideas which
made our project a great success.

REFERENCES

[1] G. Bucci, “Numerical method for transit time

measurement in ultrasonic sensor applications,” IEEE
Trans on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 46,
no. 6, pp. 1241-1246, 1997.

[2] Betta, G., A. Pietrosanto and A. Scaglione,” 1996. A

digital liquid level transducer based on opticalfiber”,
IEEE Trans.

[3] Jaimon Chacko Varghese, Binesh Ellupurayil

Balachandran “Low Cost Intelligent Real Time Fuel
Mileage Indicator for Motorbikes” (IJITEE), Volume-2,
Issue-5, April 2013.

[4] Deep Gupta, Brajesh Kr. Singh and Kuldeep

Panwar “A Prototyping Model for Fuel Level Detector
and Optimizer” page no 226- 229 - African Journal of
Basic & Applied Sciences 4 (6): 226-229, 2012 ISSN
2079-2034.

[5] Lei Chan, Xinmin Dong and Jie Han’s Development

of Ultrasonic instrument for sealed container’s liquid
level measurement.

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