M1.

(a) (i) A − (cell) wall

1

B − cytoplasm
1

C − plasmid
1

(ii) bacterium cell has cell wall / no nucleus / no mitochondria / plasmids

present
accept its DNA / genetic material is not enclosed / it has no
nuclear membrane
it = bacterium cell
accept converse for animal cell
ignore flagella
1

(iii) any one from:

• chloroplast
ignore chlorophyll
• (permanent) vacuole
1

(b) (Long tail) moves the sperm / allows the sperm to swim
1

towards the egg

allow correct reference to other named parts of the female
reproductive system
1

(Mitochondria) release energy (for movement / swimming)

allow supply / produce / provide
1

in respiration
1
[9]

Page 2
M2.(a) nucleus labelled correctly
1

cell membrane labelled correctly

1

(b) mitosis
1

(c) electron (microscope)

1

(d) higher magnification

1

(e) 45 (mm)
1

45 / 250 or 0.18 (mm)

allow ecf
1

180 (µm)
1

allow 180 (µm) with no working shown for 3 marks

(f) 0.2 µm
1
[9]

Page 3
M3.(a) (i) 25°C
1

(ii) pathogens
1

(b) D
1

more / most bacteria killed

accept biggest area / ring where no bacteria are growing
1

(c) viruses live inside cells

1
[5]

Page 4
M4.(a) (i) C and D
no mark if more than one box is ticked
1

(ii) any one from:

do not allow if other cell parts are given in a list

• (have) cell wall(s)

• (have) vacuole(s)
1

(b) (i) A
apply list principle
1

(ii) D
apply list principle
1

(c) respiration
apply list principle
1
[5]

Page 5
M5.(a) (i) A = nucleus
1

B = (cell) membrane
1

(ii) any two from:

ignore shape

• no (cell) wall

• no (large / permanent) vacuole

• no chloroplasts / chlorophyll
2

(b) because high to low oxygen / concentration or down gradient

allow ‘more / a lot of oxygen molecules outside’
ignore along / across gradient
1

(c) a tissue
1
[6]

Page 6
M6.
any box on the left joined to > 1 other box - cancel
[4]

Page 7
M7.(a) (i) A = (cell) membrane
1

B = cytoplasm
do not accept cytoplast
1

(ii) To control the activities of the cell

1

(b)

extra lines cancel

3
[6]

Page 8
M8.(a) (i) Chromosomes
1

(ii) Characteristics
1

(iii) Classify
1

(b) Plants
ignore algae
1
[4]

Page 9
M9.(a) A (inoculating / wire) loop
1

B Petri dish
allow (agar) plate
ignore ref to culture medium
1

(b) (i) to kill (unwanted) bacteria / microorganisms / microbes

allow fungi
ignore viruses / germs
1

(ii) Using a flame

1

(iii) any one from:

• so bacteria / microorganisms / microbes / pathogens / fungi
(growing in dish) do not get out
ignore reference to gases
ignore viruses / germs

• so bacteria / microorganisms / microbes / pathogens / fungi (from

the air) do not get in.
ignore viruses / germs
1

(c) 25 °C
1
[6]

Page 10
M10.(a) A = nucleus
allow phonetic spelling
1

B = (cell) membrane
1

(b) for repair / growth or to replace cells

ignore new cells / skin
1

(c) (i) embryos

1

(ii) paralysis
1
[5]

Page 11