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Getting To Know Gases: Worksheet 4.1

The document discusses the properties of gases compared to liquids and solids. It defines key terms like diffusion and density. It also covers the kinetic molecular theory and its assumptions, including that gas molecules move rapidly and collisions are elastic. The theory can explain relationships between a gas's temperature, pressure, and volume.

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30 views

Getting To Know Gases: Worksheet 4.1

The document discusses the properties of gases compared to liquids and solids. It defines key terms like diffusion and density. It also covers the kinetic molecular theory and its assumptions, including that gas molecules move rapidly and collisions are elastic. The theory can explain relationships between a gas's temperature, pressure, and volume.

Uploaded by

yunohahage
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WORKSHEET 4.

1
Getting To Know Gases

I. Properties of Gases as Compared to the Liquids and Solids

Objective: To become familiar with the basic characteristics of gases and the differences among gases,
liquids, and solids.

A. After reading about the properties of gases, complete the table below which gives the comparison of
solid, liquid, and gas based on their properties.

Properties Gas Liquid Solid


Particle Arrangement particles are free to move
even if they are attracted
to each other
Shape and Volume definite shape and
definite volume
Diffusion Slower than gases

Motion Move freely (increases


with temperature)
Compressibility Extremely difficult

Density medium

Solubility/Mixability Very slow

Diagram

B. Define the following terms:


1. Diffusion

2. Compressibility

3. Density

4. Solubility

5. Volume

II. Measurable Properties of Gases

Objective: Discuss the four variables that must be considered in the relationship of the behavior of gases.
Give the corresponding units used to measure these variables.

A. Gases and their mass/amount of gas

B. Gas and its volume

C. Gases and their temperature

D. Gases and its pressure


III. The Kinetic Molecular Theory

The Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) explains many of the properties of matter. It is especially
concerned with the relationship between heat and motion. According to kinetic theory, the temperature of
a substance is a measurement of the average kinetic energy of the molecules that make up the substance.

Objective: To understand the postulates of the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) as applied to gases and to be
able to explain how these account for the properties of gases.

The following are the assumptions:

1. Gases consist of molecules that move very fast in a series of straight-line paths.
2. The distance between molecules is very great, so great that the volume occupied by the molecules
themselves is negligible compared to the volume of the container in which the gas is held.
3. The average kinetic energy of a collection of gas particles is dependent only upon the temperature
of the gas. It is directly proportional to the absolute kelvin temperature.
4. The molecules are so far apart and are moving rapidly that the forces of attraction between them
are negligible.
5. The gas collisions are said to be completely elastic, meaning no energy is lost as heat goes to the
walls of the container.

B. Explain in terms of Kinetic Molecular Theory

1. At constant temperature, the volume of a gas increases with its decreasing pressure.

2. At constant pressure, temperature increases as the volume increase.

3. At constant number of moles in a gas, explain the relationship between temperature, pressure, and
volume.

C. Identify and underline the possible weakness or flaws in the postulates. Write TRUE if the statement is
accurate and FALSE if it is flawed.

_________1. A gas consists of a collection of small particles traveling in a straight-line motion and obeying
Newton’s Law.

_________2. The molecules in a gas occupy negligible volume.

_________3. Collisions between molecules are perfectly elastic (that is, no energy is gained nor lost during
the collision)

_________4. There are negligible, attractive, or repulsive forces between molecules.

_________5. The average kinetic energy of a molecule is constant.

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