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Using KT and KQ For Design

The document describes two cases for designing a propeller to provide required thrust at a given speed. In case 1, diameter is fixed and number of blades is determined. The design point is found by plotting thrust coefficient vs advance ratio and finding the ratio that satisfies the thrust requirement. This maximizes efficiency. Case 2 is similar, but number of blades is fixed and diameter is determined instead. Both cases involve selecting the propeller diameter or number of blades that results in maximum propeller efficiency.

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FIRDAUS BIN MAHAMAD
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2K views

Using KT and KQ For Design

The document describes two cases for designing a propeller to provide required thrust at a given speed. In case 1, diameter is fixed and number of blades is determined. The design point is found by plotting thrust coefficient vs advance ratio and finding the ratio that satisfies the thrust requirement. This maximizes efficiency. Case 2 is similar, but number of blades is fixed and diameter is determined instead. Both cases involve selecting the propeller diameter or number of blades that results in maximum propeller efficiency.

Uploaded by

FIRDAUS BIN MAHAMAD
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Using KT and KQ for design

these notes are landscape as plots are usually shown in that mode

we have seen in general the development of the Wageningen B series. The performance curves are available either in chart form or can be generated from polynomials:
regression coeff. Re=2*10^6 polynomial representation

use in design
A typical design problem calls for designing a propeller that will provide the required thrust at a given speed of advance. These parameters result
from applying thrust deduction and wake fraction to resistance and ship velocity respectively. Design will imply selecting a P/D from a B-series
plot that will maximize open water efficiency.
For now we will arbitrarily pick a number of blades and expanded area ratio. Later we will address the criteria in their selection. Reviewing the non-dimensional forms of the parameters associated with thrust and speed: VA T we have independent variables n and D. Normally one of these is determined by other criteria, e.g. maximum diameter KT = J= 2 4 n D by hull form, or n by the propulsion train design, so we will look at two cases, one in which D is fixed - determine n, n D and the other where n is fixed determine D

case 1

given:

VA , T, D

find n and P/D for maximum efficiency

only thing unknown is n, eliminate ... from ratio of K T and J Kt J


2

T n D
2 4

n D VA

T D VA
2 2

this says that propeller (full scale and model) must match this ratio which is a constant determined by T, VA, D and we can plot a curve of KT vs J2 and determine the points (values of J) for which K T vs J for a given P/D match. Kt( J) = constant J
2

Kt_over_J_sq :=

T D VA
2 2

the design point for a particular propeller (B.n.nn) i.e. n is determined from the value of J that satisfies:

9/12/2006

for example, let

Kt_over_J_sq := 0.544
2

what n i.e. J will satisfy the relationship for a B 5.75 propeller with P/D -1.0 select using B_series z := 5 EAR := 0.75 P_over_D := 1.0

Kt_design ( J) := Kt_over_J_sq J
determine intersection

1 0.9

0.8

0.7 Kt, Kq*10, efficiency

0.6

0.5 0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

Kt 10 * Kq efficiency Kt = constant*J^2 intersection 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6

Advance Ratio J=VA/nD

intersection occurs at

JJ = 0.64

so ...

n=

VA JJ D

where VA and D are known as described above

9/12/2006

selection of the optimum n for this B z.EAR propeller is a matter of comparing similar curves for a range of P/D and choosing the maximum open water efficiency o B series z=5 EAR = 0.75 say ....

1.4 1.2 P_over_D := 1.0 0.8


0.6

1 0.9 0.8 0.7 Kt, Kq*10, efficiency 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

Advance Ratio J=VA/nD

busy plot of Kt, Kq, o and Kt = constant * J^2. see breakdown below. P/D not labeled but ~ J at Kt = 0

9/12/2006

intersection solution

plot with only Kt but vertical lines at J for Kt/J^2 = Kt to show points which satisfy the design requirements
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6 Kt, efficiency

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

Advance Ratio J=VA/nD

P/D = 0.6
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P/D = 0.8

P/D = 1.0

P/D = 1.2

P/D = 1.4

note the o at each J intersection and select the maximum (P/D curves not well labeled, P/D ~ = J at K T=0. left to right lowest to highest
1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

Kt, efficiency

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

Advance Ratio J=VA/nD


T

Plot for P/D =

P_over_D = ( 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 ) J_ans = 0.64

calculated using regression relationships

this case appears to have maximum at VA J_ans D

P_over_D_ans = 1

( J_ans , EAR , z, P_over_D_ans) = 0.61

so ...

n=

where VA and D are known as described above

9/12/2006

case 2

given:

VA , T, n

find P/D and D for maximum efficiency

only thing unknown is D, eliminate ... from ratio of K T and J Kt J


4

T n D
2 4

n D VA

2 4

VA

this says that propeller (full scale and model) must match this ratio which is a constant determined by T, VA, n and we can plot a curve of KT vs J4 and determine the points (values of J) for which K T vs J for a given P/D match.

Kt_over_J_4 :=

T D VA
2 2

for example, let

Kt_over_J_4 := 0.544

Kt_design( J) := Kt_over_J_4 J

select using B_series

z := 5

EAR := 0.75
Kt( J) = constant J
4

the design point for a particular propeller (B.n.nn) i.e. n is determined from the value of J that satisfies:

since the process is identical to case 1, only the final result is shown

intersection solution

9/12/2006

note the o at each J intersection and select the maximum (P/D curves not well labeled, P/D ~ = J at K T=0. left to right lowest to highest)
1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

Kt, efficiency

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

Advance Ratio J=VA/nD T

Plot for P/D =

P_over_D = ( 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 ) J_ans = 0.74

calculated using regression relationships

this case appears to have maximum at VA J_ans n

P_over_D_ans = 1

(J_ans , EAR , z, P_over_D_ans) = 0.67

and ...

D=

where VA and n are known as described above

9/12/2006

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