-UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE QUILMES
INGLÉS NIVEL DE SUFICIENCIA DIPLOMATURA EN CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA
NOMBRE Y APELLIDO:
LEGAJO:
IMPORTANTE: Realice el examen con letra clara y legible. No utilice lápiz. Responda las consignas
en castellano. No traduzca. Elabore sus respuestas de modo tal que demuestren su comprensión
del texto. Es indispensable responder el 70% del examen en forma correcta para aprobarlo. No
podrá rendir si no presenta su libreta de estudiante o DNI .
1) Read the text carefully and answer the questions below.
IN SPANISH. BE TO THE POINT AND DO NOT TRANSLATE WHAT THE TEXT SAYS. WE DO
NOT WANT TRANSLATION, WE WANT COMPREHENSION (10 each= 50p)
a- What is Google accused of?
b- Which are the cornerstones of its empire?
c- In which way did Google call the suit?
d- What was Donald Trump’s opinion?
e- What did The Chief Legal Officer say about this suit?
2) Analyse the connector AND (highlighted in yellow). Explain what ideas are connected.
(20p)
3) Analyse the reference ITS. What does it refer to? (10p)
4) Write one sentence in Passive voice (from the text)
What does it mean?. (10p)
5) A victory for the government could remake one of America’s most
recognizable companies define since it was founded
Read this extract end explain the meaning here of the modal verb COULD. What does it
mean? (10p)
U.S. Accuses Google of Illegally
Protecting Monopoly
A victory for the government could remake one of America’s most recognizable
companies and the internet economy that it has helped define.
WASHINGTON — The Justice Department accused Google on Tuesday of illegally
protecting its monopoly over search and search advertising, the government’s most
significant challenge to a tech company’s market power in a generation and one
that could reshape the way consumers use the internet.
In a much-anticipated lawsuit, the agency accused Google of locking up deals with
giant partners like Apple and throttling competition through exclusive business
contracts and agreements.
Google’s deals with Apple, mobile carriers and other handset makers to make its
search engine the default option for users accounted for most of its dominant
market share in search, the agency said, a figure that it put at around 80 percent.
“For many years,” the agency said in its 57-page complaint, “Google has used
anticompetitive tactics to maintain and extend its monopolies in the markets for
general search services, search advertising and general search text advertising —
the cornerstones of its empire.”
Attorney General William P. Barr had spoken publicly about the investigation for
months. He urged the agency to file a case by the end of September, prompting
resistance from some of its lawyers who wanted more time and complained of
political motivations.
Google called the suit “deeply flawed.” But the agency’s action signalled a new era
for the technology sector. It reflects pent-up and bipartisan frustration toward a
handful of companies — Google, Amazon, Apple and Facebook in particular — that
have evolved from small and scrappy companies into global powerhouses with
outsize influence over commerce, speech, media and advertising. Conservatives like
President Trump and liberals like Senator Elizabeth Warren have called for more
restraints over Big Tech.
The suit, filed in the U.S. District Court in the District of Columbia, will also be a
major test of antitrust law. Many Democrats argue that the laws need to be
adjusted to account for the digital era, when many products are free and it can be
more difficult to prove the harm to consumers from a company’s firm grip on a
market.
A victory for the government could remake one of America’s most recognizable
companies and the internet economy that it has helped define since it was founded
by two Stanford University graduate students in 1998. The Justice Department did
not immediately put forward remedies, such as selling off parts of the company or
unwinding business contracts, in the lawsuit. Such actions are typically pursued in
later stages of a case.
Ryan Shores, an associate deputy attorney general, said “nothing is off the table” in
terms of remedies.
Google has long denied accusations of antitrust violations, and the company is
expected to fight the government’s efforts by using its global network of lawyers,
economists and lobbyists. Alphabet, valued at $1.04 trillion and with cash reserves
of $120 billion, has fought similar antitrust lawsuits in Europe. The company spent
$12.7 million lobbying in the United States in 2019, making it one of the top
corporate spenders in Washington.
The company says it has strong competition in the search market, with more people
finding information on sites like Amazon. It says its services have been a boon for
small businesses.
“People use Google because they choose to, not because they’re forced to, or
because they can’t find alternatives,” Kent Walker, the company’s chief legal officer,
said in a blog post.
Mr. Walker said the lawsuit would do “nothing to help consumers. To the contrary,
it would artificially prop up lower-quality search alternatives, raise phone prices
and make it harder for people to get the search services they want to use.”
Democratic lawmakers on the House Judiciary Committee released a sprawling
report on the tech giants two weeks ago, also accusing Google of controlling a
monopoly over online search and the ads that come up when users enter a query.
