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Lecture 2

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Ahmed Mohamed
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26 views

Lecture 2

Uploaded by

Ahmed Mohamed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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> Because a sine wave is symmetrical, its area below the horizontal axis is the same as its area above the axis; > Thus, over a full cycle its net area is zero, independent of frequency and phase angle. » The area under the half-cycle is: In Since dex = [-ta cos af = Un 2 lang = et = = 0.318ly € n 7 (o)ACale. £209, (6)DCalone.¢=0¥ (Supine ac nd Vog20¥ Vag Voge > Since the average of a sine wave is zero, the average value of the combined waveform will be its de component, E. > However, peak voltages depend on both components as illustrated in (c). Since the average value of AC would directly provide you the answer zero. Is this means No power is delivered to the load? > While instantaneous, peak, and average values provide useful information about a waveform, none of them truly represents the ability of the waveform to do useful work. Y Most ac voltmeters display the rms voltage v The value measured by ac voltmeter for the voltage at the wall outlet in homes is (120 Vac at North America & Japan , or 220 Vac at Egypt) > The rms value relates de toa load. quantities with respect to the power delivered A R No ince current is constant, power is constan E R PR. Therefore, P is constant. — =a PB: 2=P=rR fj (b) de Circa [Forth ac case: A sketch of p(t) is shown in Figure, obtained by squaring values of current at various points along the axis, then multiplying by R. wi) PO =PR nm Um Sin @fPR = IPR sinter ” are ete = = ner| 5a — cos 200| 4 1k) = BR, Therefore, varies ey (@) Cait 2 effective values for sinusoidal waveforms depend only on amplitude It is important to note that these relationships hold only for sinusoidal waveforms. However, the concept of effective value applies to all waveforms _ [ares fen = == root - mean - square 2 10s) T234567 i eycle 4 @ ©) FIGURE 15-66 Tess asers ae Solution Square the curve, then apply Equati yn 15-30. Thus, 9 <3) + GX 2)+ 4x Ten 8 = fa =2.26A

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