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EEDM Notes Unit-1

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108 views

EEDM Notes Unit-1

Uploaded by

Hardik Jhalani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit-1 : Environmental Engineering & Disaster Management

1.1 Objectives of the Course:

1. To understand requirement and importance of safe water supply system

2. To Understand the various types of natural resources and problems due to over
exploitation.

3. To provide basic understanding of water treatment methods for safe drinking

4. To Understand domestic waste water treatment, sewer types, design and


discharge

5. Understand various factors which cause environmental pollution and their


control measures.

6. Understand various hazards & disasters, their affects and mitigation measures.

7. To provide basic conceptual understanding of disasters and its relationships with


development.

8. To gain understand approaches of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and the


relationship between vulnerability, disasters, disaster prevention and risk reduction.

9. To understand Medical and Psycho-Social Response to Disasters.

10. To build skills to respond to disasters.

1.2 Scope:

The main task of environmental engineers is to protect public health by protecting


(from further degradation), preserving (the present condition of), and enhancing
the environment. Environmental engineering is the application of science and
engineering principles to the environment. Some consider environmental
engineering to include the development of sustainable processes. There are several
divisions of the field of environmental engineering and disaster management:
1. Environmental impact assessment and mitigation

In this division, engineers and scientists use a systemic identification and


evaluation process to assess the potential impacts of a proposed project ,
plans, programs, policies, or legislative actions upon the physical-chemical,
biological, cultural, and socioeconomic components on environmental
conditions. They apply scientific and engineering principles to evaluate if
there are likely to be any adverse impacts to water quality, air quality,
habitat quality, etc. If impacts are expected, they then develop mitigation
measures to limit or prevent such impacts.

2. Water supply and treatment

Engineers and scientists work to secure water supplies for potable and
agricultural use. They evaluate the water balance within a watershed and
determine the available water supply, the water needed for various needs in
that watershed, the seasonal cycles of water movement through the
watershed and they develop systems to store, treat, and convey water for
various uses. Water is treated to achieve water quality objectives for the end
uses. In the case of potable water supply, water is treated to minimize the
risk of infectious disease transmission, the risk of non-infectious illness, and
to create a palatable water flavor. Water distribution systems are designed
and built to provide adequate water pressure and flow rates to meet various
end-user needs such as domestic use, fire suppression, and irrigation.

3. Wastewater conveyance and treatment

Most urban and many rural areas no longer discharge human waste directly
to the land through outhouse, septic, and/or honey bucket systems, but rather
deposit such waste into water and convey it from households via sewer
systems. Engineers and scientists develop collection and treatment systems
to carry this waste material away from where people live and produce the
waste and discharge it into the environment. In developed countries,
substantial resources are applied to the treatment and detoxification of this
waste before it is discharged into a river, lake, or ocean system. Developing
nations are striving to obtain the resources to develop such systems so that
they can improve water quality in their surface waters and reduce the risk of
water-borne infectious disease.

4. Air quality management

Engineers apply scientific and engineering principles to the design of


manufacturing and combustion processes to reduce air pollutant emissions to
acceptable levels. Scrubbers, electrostatic precipitators, catalytic converters, and
various other processes are utilized to remove particulate matter, nitrogen
oxides, sulfur oxides, volatile organic compounds (VOC), reactive organic
gases (ROG) and other air pollutants from flue gases and other sources prior to
allowing their emission to the atmosphere.

Scientists have developed air pollution dispersion models to evaluate the


concentration of a pollutant at a receptor or the impact on overall air quality
from vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions. To some extent,
this field overlaps the desire to decrease carbon dioxide and other greenhouse
gas emissions from combustion processes.

5. Disaster Management

The course focuses on the the causes of disasters and and how to minimize their
impact. During the course student will be introduced to environmental systems,
field operations and organizational management, and as Disaster Management.
Disaster management aims to reduce, or avoid the potential losses from hazards,
assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims of disaster, and achieve
rapid and effective recovery.

1.3 Course Outcome:

After completing a course in this paper, the students would be able to:

i. apply the knowledge of science, mathematics and engineering and


work with multidisciplinary team

ii. Develop environmental scientists and engineers and sensitize them


towards environmental issues.
iii. Define and explain the significance of terms and parameters
frequently used in water supply engineering and wastewater
management

iv. Identify sources of water pollution, general water treatment,


wastewater treatment and issues pertaining water quality degradation.

v. Evaluate the influence of the different parameter in design and


treatment of water treatment plant (water quality parameters) and
wastewater treatment plant (wastewater characteristics).

vi. To acquire analytical skills in assessing environmental impacts


through a multidisciplinary approach.

vii. To identify environmental problems and solutions through organized


research.

viii. Develop plan for Disaster management.

ix. To improve the communication and writing skill so as to face the


competitive world

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