| Python Game Development |

RENDERING IN GAME ENGINE DESIGN

RENDERING (IMAGE SYNTHESIS)

• It is a process of generating an image from a 2D or 3D model using
the computer program. The resultant image is referred as the render
(Digital image or 3D Model using computer software)
• It is used for various digital projects including video games, animated
movies and architectural designs, simulators, TV special effects, etc,.
• It is also used for efficiency and reduce cost in design.
TYPES OF RENDERING
• It is classified as two types. They are
1. Real time rendering
2. Pre-rendering
1. REAL TIME RENDERING
• It is a process of creating a life-like image from a model / scene
(Creating computer graphics with high enough speed to be displayed
in real-time)
• This means that images are generated and displayed on the fly rather
than being pre made and stored for later user
• It is generally used in the game development to build interactive motion
graphics as it can create images instantly
• It involves the use of powerful computer hardware and specialized
software to optimize the rendering process and achieve high frame
rates, allowing for instant response to user input or changes in the
scene
• Realtime 3D rendering is a one of the types of 3D rendering which is
widely used in video games
• Using weaker graphics cards will result in a slower rendering process.
Hence, dedicated graphics card is essential for improving the
performance of real time rendering.

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| Python Game Development |

Working of Real Time rendering

• It usually includes three main stages. They are
I. Geometry Processing
II. Shading
III. Rasterization
i. Geometry Processing
• Initially, the program has to generate a 3D representation of the virtual
environment or objects by specifying their geometry, comprising their
shape, dimension, and position.
• This is usually done by defining a mesh of vertices, edges, and faces
that form the objects in the scene.
ii. Shading
• Next, the program applies shading to objects to make them look more
realistic.
• The shading involves the calculation of lighting and shading effects on
every pixel of the screen.
• This is determined by various factors such as the location of light
sources, the material properties of objects, and the position of the
camera.
iii. Rasterization
• Finally, rasterization converts objects into pixels that can be displayed
on the screen
• It allows you to add textures, colors, light and darkness to your design
Working Process of Real-time rendering
• The rendering process depends on whether the digital object is a 2D
image or a video. This includes the following works.
▪ Image Editing
▪ Video Editing
▪ Graphic Object Creation

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| Python Game Development |

(a) Image Editing

• This uses the multiple layers representing a specific image component
like background and focal object
• Then each image layer will be combined (joined) to produce a final
image which is saved as a single file.
(b) Video Editing
• Users produce the video sequence using a time axis to align the
individual
(c) Graphic Object Creation
• The graphics object represents a GDI+ drawing surface which is used
to create the graphical images
• Graphic shapes such as lines, shapes, render text or display and
manipulate images can be done using graphic object.
Softwares for Real time Rendering
• Unity
• Unreal Engine
• Maya
• Twinmotion
• Enscape
• Chaos
Applications of Real-time rendering
• The real-time rendering can be used in the following levels of
applications. They are
▪ Video Games
▪ Virtual Reality (VR)
▪ Augmented Reality (AR)
▪ Architecture and Design
▪ Film and Television
▪ E-commerce
▪ Education and Training
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Advantages of Real-time 3D Rendering

• The 3D rendering has the following advantages. They are
▪ Speed
▪ Interactivity
▪ Efficiency
▪ Flexibility
▪ Realism
▪ Collaboration
▪ Great marketing tool
▪ Visibility and accessibility
2. PRE-RENDERING
• This technique is used in the environments where the speed is not a
concern
• Here, the image calculations are performed using multicore CPUs
rather than dedicated graphics hardware (Instead of depending on the
dedicated graphics card, this technique uses multi-core CPUs for
image calculations)
• It is widely used in animation and visual effects where photorealism
needs to be at the highest standard possible

Computational Techniques for Real-time and Pre-Rendering Types

• There are three major computational techniques used for rendering
types. They are
▪ Scanline
▪ Ray tracing (used to create realistic images in computer graphics)
▪ Radiosity.

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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PRE-RENDERING AND REAL-RENDERING

S.N Real-Rendering Pre-Rendering
1. Process of creating images and Process of creating a static
videos in real time using powerful image or video in advance using
computer hardware and specialized software. This
specialized software. This creates creates a highly polished and
more dynamic and interactive finished product but can be time-
visuals but it may require more consuming process
computing power and may not be
polished as pre-rendered images
and animations
2. It is generally used for interactive It is generally used to create
applications like video games, realistic visualizations for static
VR,AR, etc,. media or animations