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SANGAM LITERATURE
TAMIL COUNTRY FAR
SOUTH
HISTORICAL DETAILS
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1st CEN AD
SANGAM LITERATURE
PUGALUR INSCRIPTION
Cheras ruled over parts of
CHOLA
modern Kerala CHERA
[ Seaport ] Muziris
KARUVUR [ Capital ] Vanji PANDYAS
[ Seaport ] Tondi
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1st CEN AD
PUGALUR INSCRIPTION
CHERAS
1 2 3
The Pugalur inscripJon of the first century A.D refers to three
generaJons of Chera rulers.
KO ATAN CEL PERUM KATUN KO KATUN KO IILANKO
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CHERAS
1st CEN AD
PUGALUR INSCRIPTION FAMOUS
1 2 3 1 2 3
FAMOUS
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CHERAS
FAMOUS
2nd CEN AD
1 2 3
PERUM SORRU UDHIYAN IMAYAVARAMBAN NEDUM CHERAN SENGUTTUVAN
CHERALATHAN CHERALATHAN
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EPICS
Silappathigaram Manimegalai
PANDYA KINGDOM CHOLA KINGDOM
Madhavi
CHERA KINGDOM [ [2nd
2ndCentury
Century] ]
PATTINI CULT
Worship of Kannagi as
brother the ideal wife in Tamil
Nadu
Kannagi
ELANGO ADIGAL CHERAN SENGUTTUVAN
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CHERA [ 2nd Century ]
Defeated Many North Indian Monarchs
Himalayan ExpediJon
MILITARY ACHEIVEMENTS brother
CHERAN SENGUTTUVAN ELANGO ADIGAL
PATTINI CULT
Worship of Kannagi as
Gajabhagu II from Sri Lanka
the ideal wife in Tamil
Nadu
The consecraJon ceremony was SILAPPATHIGARAM
aSended by many princes including
Gajabhagu II from Sri Lanka.
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SANGAM LITERATURE
Ruling between the Pennar
CHOLA & Velar Rivers
extended from modern Trichy district to southern
Andhra Pradesh.
Famous for CoSon
Uraiyur
Trade
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MID-SECOND CENTURY BC
SECOND CENTURY AD
CHOLA ELARA
RULED OVER IT FOR
50 Years
CONQUERED
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MID-SECOND CENTURY BC
SECOND CENTURY AD
CHOLA KARIKALA
PUHAR
[ New Capital ] 12000 SLAVES
Karikala founded Puhar and constructed 160
Km of embankment along the Kaveri River.
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CHOLA
KARIKALA
Early Life Military Conquests
PANDYAS
CHOLAS
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CHOLA
B A T T L E OF V E N N I
KARIKALA
ASacked
+ 11
MINOR CHEFTIANS
In the BaKle of Venni, the mighty confederacy
consisJng of the Cheras, Pandyas and eleven
minor chie]ains was defeated.
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CHOLA
B A T T L E OF V A H A I P P A R A N D A L A I
ASacked 9
11
KARIKALA MINOR CHEFTIANS
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MID-SECOND CENTURY BC
SECOND CENTURY AD
KARIKALA
Overlord of
TAMIL COUNTRY
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Kingdom of Pandyas
was celebrated for
Pearls
Madurai
PANDYAS
GREEK AMBASSADOR Pandyas ruled over southern
Tamil Nadu
MEGASTHENES
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He who won the baSle at
Talaiyalanganam [ Tanjore ]
3
TALIYALANGANATTU
NEDIYON MUDATHIRUMARAN CHERUVENRA NEDUCHELIYAN
Kannagi
PALYAGASALAI MUDUKUDUMI ARYAPPADAI KADANTHA UGGIRA PERUVALUNDHI
PERUVALUDHI NEDUCHELIYAN
One who won victories over
the Aryan forces
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He who won the baSle at
Talaiyalanganam [ Tanjore ]
3
TALIYALANGANATTU
NEDIYON MUDATHIRUMARAN CHERUVENRA NEDUCHELIYAN
Pandyas gained control overKannagi
en#re Tamil Nadu during the
PANDYAS
PALYAGASALAI MUDUKUDUMIrein of TaliyalanganaSu
ARYAPPADAICheruvenra
KADANTHA Neducheliyan UGGIRA PERUVALUNDHI
PERUVALUDHI NEDUCHELIYAN
One who won victories over
the Aryan forces
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NEDIYON MUDATHIRUMARAN
Kannagi
PANDYAS
PALYAGASALAI MUDUKUDUMI ARYAPPADAI KADANTHA UGGIRA PERUVALUNDHI
PERUVALUDHI NEDUCHELIYAN
One who won victories over
the Aryan forces
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Madurai
PANDYAS
Maduraikkanji wriSen by Mangudi Maruthanar
describes the socio-economic condiJon of the Pandya
country including the flourishing seaport of Korkai.
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