Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5

Page 1

Problem Exercises

1. Write a C++ program that inputs a series of 5 numbers, and determines and
prints the largest of these numbers.

#include <iostream>
using namespace::std;

int main()
{
int counter = 0, number, largest; // declare variables

cout << "Enter first number: "; // prompt user

cin >> largest; //read "largest" from user

while (++counter < 5) { // loop 10 times

cout << "Enter next number: "; // prompt user
cin >> number; // read "number" from user

if (number > largest) { // if value of "number" > "largest"

largest = number; // then update value of "largest"
}
}

cout << "Largest is: " << largest << endl; // output result

return 0;
}

Sample Output:
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 2

2. The factorial of a nonnegative integer n is written n! (Pronounced “n factorial”)

and is defined as follows:
n! = n * (n-1) * (n-2) * ... * 1 where n! = 1 for n = 0
For example 5! = 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 which is 120
Write a program that reads a nonnegative integer and computes and prints its
factorial.

#include <iostream>
using namespace::std;

int main()
{
int n = 0, num;
unsigned factorial = 1;

do { // "do/while" to insure that the user enters a positive integer

cout << "Enter positive integer: "; // prompt user
cin >> num; // read "num" from user
} while(num < 0); // while "num" is negative, loop again

// while loop to count from "n" to value of "num-1".

// First it tests if "n" is < than "num", then it increments "n" by 1
while(n++ < num) {
factorial = factorial * n; // calculate "factorial"
}

// output result
cout << num << "! is " << factorial << endl;

return 0;
}

Sample Output:
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 3

3. Write a program that evaluates the factorials of the integers from 1 to 5. Print
the results in tabular format.

#include <iostream>
using namespace::std;

int main()
{
int factorial, n;

// prints header of the table

cout << "Number \t Factorial of number \n";

// outer for loop to count from 1 to 5, and for each value of "num"
// calculate the value of "factorial"
for (int num = 1; num <= 5; ++num) {
n = 0; // reinitialize "n" to 0
factorial = 1; // reinitialize "factorial" to 1

// inner while loop to count from 1 to the value of "num",

// and calculate the "factorial" of "num"
while(n++ < num) {
factorial = factorial * n; // calculate "factorial"
}

// output results
cout << num << '\t' << factorial << '\n';
}

return 0;
}

Sample output:
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 4

4. Write a C++ program that utilizes looping and the tab escape "\t" to print the
following table of values:
N 10*N 100*N 1000*N
1 10 100 1000
2 20 200 2000
3 30 300 3000
4 40 400 4000
5 50 500 5000

#include <iostream>
using namespace::std;

int main()
{
int n = 0; // declare and initialize "n" to 0

// prints header of the table

cout << "N" << "\t" << "10*N" << "\t" << "100*N"
<< "\t" << "1000*N" << "\n";

// while loop to count from 1 to 5, in each iteration it prints

// the multiples of 10, 100, and 1000 of the value of "n".
// First it increments "n" by 1, then it tests if "n" is <= 5.
while(++n <= 5) {

// prints the multiples of 10, 100, and 1000 of the value "n"
cout << n << '\t' << 10*n << '\t' << 100*n
<< '\t' << 1000*n << '\n';
}

return 0;
}

Sample Output:
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 5

5. An integer is said to be prime if it is divisible by only 1 and itself. For example

2, 3, 5, and 7 are primes, but 1, 4, 6, 8, and 9 are not.
Write a program that determines whether or not a number is a prime.

#include <iostream>
using namespace::std;

int main()
{
int Num, Flag = 0; // declare variable, & initialize "Flag" to 0

cout << "Enter a number: "; // prompt user

cin >> Num; // read "Num" from user

if (Num <= 1) { // if Num<=1, then it is not a prime

cout << Num << " is not a prime" << endl;
}

else { // if no, then determine whether "Num" is a prime or not

// loop from 2 to "Num", & for each iteration test if "Num" is dividable by "i"
for (int i = 2; i < Num ; i++) {
if ((Num % i) == 0) { // test if "Num" is dividable by "i"
// if yes, then output that "Num" is not a prime
cout << Num << " is not a prime" <<endl;
Flag = 1; // set "Flag" to 1
break; // exit for loop
}
}

if (Flag == 0) { // if "Flag" is still = 0,

// then output that "Num" is a prime
cout << Num << " is a prime" << endl;
}
}

return 0;
}
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 6

Two sample Outputs:

 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 7

6. Write a program that reads an integer from the keyboard then determines all
the prime numbers between 2 and that integer.
#include <iostream>
using namespace::std;
int main()
{
int Val, Flag = 0; // declare variable, & initialize "Flag" to 0

cout << "Enter a positive number: "; // prompt user

cin >> Val; // read "Val" from user

cout << "Prime numbers from 1 to " << Val << " are: \n";
// loop from 2 to "Val", & for each iteration test if "Num" is a prime
for (int Num = 2; Num <= Val; Num++) {
Flag = 0; // for each iteration reset "Flag" to 0

// loop from 2 to "Num", & for each iteration test if "Num" is dividable by "i"
for (int i = 2; i < Num; i++) {
if ((Num % i) == 0) { // test if "Num" is dividable by "i"
Flag = 1; // if yes, then set "Flag" to 1
}
} // end for
if (Flag == 0) { // test if "Flag" is still = 0
cout << Num << endl; // if yes, then output "Num"
}
} // end for

return 0;
}

Sample Output:
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 8

7. Write a program that uses repetition and switch structures to print the song
“The Twelve Days of Christmas.” One switch structure should be used to print
the day (i.e., “First,” “Second,” etc.). A separate switch structure should be
used to print the remainder of each verse.

#include <iostream>
using namespace::std;

int main()
{
for (int day = 1; day < 13; day++) { // loop 12 times

cout << "On the ";

switch (day) { // switch for current day

case 1: // if "day" is equal to 1, then
cout << "first"; // output "first" to the screen
break; // break the "switch" structure
case 2:
cout << "second";
break;
case 3:
cout << "third";
break;
case 4:
cout << "fourth";
break;
case 5:
cout << "fifth";
break;
case 6:
cout << "sixth";
break;
case 7:
cout << "seventh";
break;
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 9

case 8:
cout << "eighth";
break;
case 9:
cout << "ninth";
break;
case 10:
cout << "tenth";
break;
case 11:
cout << "eleventh";
break;
case 12:
cout << "twelfth";
break;
} // end switch for current day

cout << " day of Christmas,\n";

cout << " My true love sent to me:\n";

switch (day) { // switch for gifts

case 12: // if "day" is equal to 12, then
// display "Twelve drummers drumming", but don’t exit "switch"
cout << "\t Twelve drummers drumming, \n";
case 11:
cout << "\t Eleven pipers piping, \n";
case 10:
cout << "\t Ten lords a-leaping, \n";
case 9:
cout << "\t Nine ladies dancing, \n";
case 8:
cout << "\t Eight maids a-milking, \n";
case 7:
cout << "\t Seven swans a-swimming, \n";
case 6:
cout << "\t Six geese a-laying, \n";
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 10

case 5:
cout << "\t Five golden rings, \n";
case 4:
cout << "\t Four calling birds, \n";
case 3:
cout << "\t Three French hens, \n";
case 2:
cout << "\t Two turtle doves, and \n";
case 1:
cout << "A partridge in a pear tree.\n\n";
} // end switch for gifts
} // end loop

return 0;
}

Sample Output:
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 11

8. Write a program that reads in the size of the side of a square and then prints a
hollow square of that size out of asterisks and blanks. Your program should
work for squares of all side sizes between 1 and 20. For example, if your
program reads a size of 4, it should print:
* * * *
* *
* *
* * * *
#include <iostream>
using namespace::std;
int main()
{
int side, rowPosition, size; // declare variables

cout << "Enter the square side: "; // prompt user

cin >> side; //read "side" from user

size = side; // initialize "size" to "side"

while(side > 0) {
rowPosition = size;
while(rowPosition > 0) {
if(size == side || side == 1 ||
rowPosition == 1 || rowPosition == size) {
cout << "* ";
} // end if
else {
cout << " ";
} // end else
--rowPosition;
} // end while
cout << '\n';
--side;
} // end while
return 0;
}
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 12

Sample Output:
 Problem Exercices Chapter 4 and 5
Page 13

9. Write a program that prints a diamond shape. You may use output statements
that print either a single asterisk (*) or a single blank. Maximize your use of
repetition (with nested for structures) and minimize the number of output
statements.
#include <iostream>
using namespace::std;
int main()
{
// top half of the diamond
for(int row = 1; row <= 5; ++row) {
for(int space = 1; space <= 5 - row; ++space)
cout << ' ';
for(int ast = 1; ast <= 2 * row - 1; ++ast)
cout << '*';
cout << '\n';
}

// bottom half of the diamond

for(int row = 4; row >= 1; --row) {
for(int space = 1; space <= 5 - row; ++space)
cout << ' ';
for(int ast = 1; ast <= 2 * row - 1; ++ast)
cout << '*';
cout << '\n';
}
return 0;
}

Sample Output: