HL 6.15-6.

16 IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIATION – RATE OF CHANGE

RATE OF CHANGE

A. Practice Questions

dA dB
24. The quantities A and B increase at rates = 3 and = 2 respectively. Find
dt dt
(a) the rate of change of C at the moment when A = 2 , given that C = 2 A 3 + 1
3
(b) the rate of change of D at the moment when D = e , given that ln D =
B
(c) the rate of change of F, at the moment when A = B = 1 , given F = 2 Α 2 B + 2 B 3

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(HL 6.15-6.16) – Page 16

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 HL 6.15-6.16 IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIATION – RATE OF CHANGE

25. The diagram shows a right-angled triangle PQR, where

• the side QR is always constant, equal to 5 units, R

• the sides PQ = x and PR = y are variable,
as P can be moved horizontally, away from or
towards to Q. y 5

• Hence the angle θ= RPˆ Q , the area A and the

perimeter P of the triangle are also variable. θ
P x Q

(a) Write down the values of the variables y , θ , Α and P at the instant when x = 5.

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(b) Complete the following table

Relation between the corresponding

Relation between rates of change
Variables
the variables at the instant
in general
when x = 5
5
tan θ = dx dθ dx dθ
x and θ x tan θ + x sec 2 θ =0 = −10
dt dt dt dt
⇒ x tan θ = 5

y and θ

x and y

A and x

P, x and y

(HL 6.15-6.16) – Page 17

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 HL 6.15-6.16 IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIATION – RATE OF CHANGE

B. Past Paper questions (SHORT)

26. Air is pumped into a spherical ball which expands at a rate of 8 cm3 per second (8 cm3 s–1). Find
the exact rate of increase of the radius of the ball when the radius is 2 cm.

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(Total 6 marks)

27. The following diagram shows an isosceles triangle ABC with AB = 10 cm and AC = BC. The
vertex C is moving in a direction perpendicular to (AB) with speed 2 cm per second.

A B

Calculate the rate of increase of the angle CAB at the moment the triangle is equilateral.

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(Total 6 marks)
(HL 6.15-6.16) – Page 18
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 HL 6.15-6.16 IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIATION – RATE OF CHANGE

28. An airplane is flying at a constant speed at a constant altitude of 3 km in a straight line that will
take it directly over an observer at ground level. At a given instant the observer notes that the
1 1
angle θ is π radians and is increasing at radians per second. Find the speed, in kilometres
3 60
per hour, at which the airplane is moving towards the observer.
Airplane
x

3 km

Observer

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(Total 6 marks)
Extra question

Find the rate at which the distance between the observer and the airplane changes in terms of x.

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(HL 6.15-6.16) – Page 19

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 HL 6.15-6.16 IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIATION – RATE OF CHANGE

29.

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(Total 6 marks)
Extra question

Assume that he tank is empty at the beginning. Show that the rate of change of the depth of the
10
water 1 minute after the beginning of the flow is 3 metres per minute.
π

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(HL 6.15-6.16) – Page 20

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 HL 6.15-6.16 IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIATION – RATE OF CHANGE

30.

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(Total 6 marks)
(HL 6.15-6.16) – Page 21
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 HL 6.15-6.16 IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIATION – RATE OF CHANGE

Extra question
In the previous problem answer the same question if Car A was moving in the oposite direction.

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(Total 6 marks)

(HL 6.15-6.16) – Page 22

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