PHYSIOLOGICAL DIVISION OF INDIA

Content......
■ Map of India..
■ Why do we need to divide India PHYSIOGRAPHIC.
■ Division of India PHYSIOGRAPHICAL As in this ways...
1. The Himalayas range of mountains.
2. The peninsula plateau.
3. The great plains of India.
4. The coastal plains.
5. The islands of India.
Some important point about India ....
■ Extension of India from north to south is 3214 km and east to west is 2933 km.
■ The latitudinal extension of India is 8°4N to 37°6N , and longitudinal extension of
India is 68°7E to 97°25E.
■ Th3 countries which share the boundaries with India are called neighbouring country
that are following.
Pakistan, , Afghanistan , china ,Bhutan, Nepal , Myanmar and Bangladesh.
■ India is the first country to mine diamond ,found in Krishna river delta found in
Andhra Pradesh.
■ The highest mountain in India is the Kangchenjunga. This is also the third highest
mountain in the world with 8,586 m
■ The Thar Desert covers a large area in the north west of the country and forms a
natural border between India and Pakistan
■ The longest river in India is the Ganges River. This is the most sacred river to the
Hindus.
The Himalayan range of mountain.
■ It started from the west from Indus river to the East of Brahmaputra river .
■ Width of mountain range is nearly (240 – 300)km and the length of the
mountain range is (2400 -3000)km.
■ It formed during the TERTIARY PERIOD.
■ PAMIRS is known as the roof of the world ,which connects Himalayas from
central Asia.
■ The highest peak in the Eastern ghat is Mahendragiri and the western ghat is
Anaimudi.
■ It is divided into three part ,that are following....
1. The greater Himalayas
2. The middle Himalayas.
3. Shiwalikhs range .
🌸 there are one more division that is the TRANS HIMALAYAS.
 The greater Himalayas. The middle Himalayas .
■ Northern most part of Himalayas at an ■ It is located between the greater Himalayas
altitude of 6100km,with the world’s and the Outer Himalayas which called as
highest peak MOUNT EVEREST with the Shiwalikhs range from the south.
height of 8848.86 m.
■ The range of this mountain lise from
■ Source of some major river like GANGA , 1500km to 2700 km above the sea level.
BRAHMAPUTRA, and INDUS.
■ Some Important range of middle Himalayas
■ ZASKAR range is situated in the west are following.. Dhauladhar Range. Pir-Panjal
part of great Himalayas. Range, Mahabharata Range, and the
Shivalik Hills.
■ It may be found in Uttarakhand, Sikkim,
Arunachal Pradesh, and other ■ It consists of Precambrian metamorphic
mountainous areas. rocks. However, sedimentary and igneous
rocks of other ages are also present.
 Shiwalikhs range Trans Himalayas.
■ Average height of mountain is (900 to ■ The range of Himalayas is located in the
1200)m. north of Great Himalayas.
■ This Himalayas is found on the foothills of ■ The height of the range is about 6100m.
Himalayas.
■ Some of the mountain range are Godwin
■ This is youngest range of Himalayas among Austin or Qugir, which has the height of
all types of Himalayas. 8611m , which is highest in the range and
lies at POK.
■ Shiwalikhs range lies between the middle
Himalayas and the great plains. It is also ■ Karakorama range is also the most
called as the outer Himalayas. important range, which is in ladhak.
■ Some name of mountain are .. Mandi hill ■ Rivers originating from the Trans-Himalayas,
like the Indus and its tributaries, play a
Churia Hills (Nepal) , Miran Jani hill etc
significant role in providing water
2. The
peninsula
plateau ...
Some important
plateau...
1. Malwa plateau.
2. Marwar plateau
3. Bundelkhand plateau

4. Chhotanagpur plateau.
5. Maharashtra plateau.
6. Karnataka plateau.
7. Telangana plateau.
8. Central highland.
9. DandKarnayak plateau .
The Peninsular plateau
■ The raised land which is flat at the top And
have average height of around 600 to 900 m.
Mostly plateau Lies in the southern part of
India.
■ Peninsular river flow from west to east
direction including the general slope.
With the exception of Narmada ,Mahanadi ,
Sabarmati and Tapi.
these plateau are bounded by the major hill
range that are following...
1. Aravalli Range
2. Vindhya Range
3. Satpura Range
4. Western Ghats
5. Eastern Ghats
 DECCAN PLATEAU..
■ Maharashtra Plateau
Maharashtra Plateau has ‘Black Soil’, also known as ‘Regur’. It is
formed due to fissure eruption and lava flow. Important rivers of
south India like Godavari, Bhima, Krishna. It lies in Maharashtra
and forms the northern part of the Deccan Plateau.
■ Karnataka Plateau
It lies to the south of the Maharashtra plateau. It is also known as
Mysore Plateau.
The general elevation is between 600-900 m . It is primarily
made up of Archean formations.
■ Dandakaranya Plateau
It is the mineral-rich region of Chhattisgarh and Odisha, touching
parts of Maharashtra. It is drained by the Indravati river. Richest
mines of India are found in Dandakaranya Plateau
■ Chhotanagpur Plateau.
It is the North-East projection of the Peninsular
Plateau. River Damodar divides the
Chhotanagpur Plateau into two parts. The
northern part as Hazaribagh Plateau, while the
southern part as Ranchi Plateau.
The North-Eastern edge of the Chhotanagpur
plateau is made up of Rajmahal hills. These are
made up of basalt (lava flow). These hills have
an elevation of up to 400 m.
90% of India’s coal reserves are in this region,
and hence it is called the ‘Ruhr of India’.
THE EASTERN GHAT
The Eastern Ghats are a series of discontinuous hills
starting from Tamil Nadu to Odisha .
■ River which flow from their are Godawari, Krishan
and kaveri.
■ Located east to Deccan plateau and Parallel to the
east of Coromandal coast.
■ Highest peak of Eastern ghat is Mahendragiri (
1501m). Eastern and western Ghats meet at
Nilgiri hill.
■ Eastern Ghats are much older than Western
Ghats. They are not as high as the Western Ghats.
■ They receive lesser rainfall than the Western
Ghats. Hence, the vegetation of this region is
Tropical Deciduous.
THE WESTERN GHAT
■ Run from the valley of river Tapi to the Kanyakumari.
■ Located west to the Deccan plateau and parallel to the
western coast.
■ NARMADA , TAPI , SABARMATI and MAHI flow from hear
and meet the Arabian Sea.
■ Highest peak is Anaimudi ( 2695m).
■ The western side of the Western Ghats is very steep, but
the eastern part is gentle because of traps/ lava flow.
■ The northern part of the Western Ghats, having a
horizontal sheet of Deccan lavas, is known as Sahyadri.
■ The middle section runs through Karnataka up to the
Nilgiris. It is made up of granite and Gneiss presenting
the
3..The great
plains of India
......
■ It lies to the south of Himalayas to the north of peninsula. Length (2400)km
and width (150 -300)km.
■ It formed by the depositional work of mainly three river INDUS ,GANGA ,
BAHARAMPUTRA , because of that the land is very fertile and Alluvial soil.
■ Its western portion is occupied by the desert.
■ ALLUVIAL SOIL type ⚫ BHANGAR { old alluvial}
⚫ KHANDAR. { new alluvial}
THE COASTAL PLAINS..... HAVE TWO TYPES..
1. WESTERN COASTAL PLAIN.
■ It lies along the Arabian sea and extended from Ganga delta in the north to
the Kanyakumari in the south.
■ The Rann of kachchh Is a depressed area that gets inside the water during
the high tide.
2. EASTERN COASTAL PLAINS.
■ It lies along the Bay of Bengal
and extended from the Ganga
delta in the north to the
Kanyakumari in the south.
■ It is the region of the low lying
areas, where sediment which
derived from the delta are
deposited.
■ It bear some depositional
landforms of different thickness
like delta of the Mahanadi,
Krishna and Cauvery rivers.
SUB DIVISION OF THE GREAT INDIAN
PLAINS......
1. THE RAJAATHAN PLAINS. Thar/ the
great Indian desert.
2. THE PUNJAB HARIYANA PLAINS.
Formed by the deposit of river INDUS,
SATLUJ, RAVI ,CHENAB , JHELUM and
INDUS.
3. THE GANGA PLAIN. It flow from up,
Bihar West Bengal, and Uttarakhand.
It deposit the large amount of alluvium
soil and make the land fertile.
4. THE BRAHMAPUTRA PLAINS.
5. The Indian islands...
■ These are two major island
group in India.
1. ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR.( In
bay of Bengal).
2. LAKSHADEEP ISLANDS. ( in
the Arabian sea)

■ Other than the above two groups, these are islands in Indo-Gengetic
delta. Which are more a part of delta then a island.
■ Andaman and Nicobar Islands were formed due to a collision between
the Indian Plate and Burma Minor Plate [part of Eurasian Plate][Similar
to the formation of Himalayas].
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR
ISLANDS.
■ The entire group of islands is divided into
three broad categories, ( NORTH, MIDDLE and
SOUTH) ANDAMAN.
■ North and south Andaman separated by the
water body which call as TEN DEGREES
CHANAL.
■ NICOBAR islands is very close to Sumatra
island of Indonesia, here are smaller volcanic
islands are found .
■ BARRAN ISLANDS is the only island where you
can find the active volcano.
LAKSHADWEEP ISLANDS
■ The entire island group is build of
cornal deposit. These islands are
the part of Reunion hotspot
volcanism.
■ These islands are located at the
distance of 280km to 480 km off
the Kerala coast.
■ Most of the island have low
elevation and do not rise more
than five metre above the sea
level.