PROPOSED
MARKING GUIDE
APPLIED MATHEMATICS
P425/2 2023
NO SOLUTION MKS COMMENT
1 Let X be the number of tails obtained
P(𝐻 ) = 2P(𝑇)
P (𝐻 ) + P (𝑇 ) = 1
2𝑃(𝑇) + 𝑃(𝑇) = 1
3𝑃(𝑇) = 1
1 2
𝑃 (𝑇 ) = , 𝑃 (𝐻 ) =
3 3
1 2
𝑛 = 7, 𝑝 = , 𝑞 =
3 3
1 2 2 5
P(𝑋 = 2) =7C2 ∙ ( ) ∙ ( )
3 3
224
= or 0.3073
729
05
2 4 𝑚𝑠 −1 2 𝑚𝑠 −1 2.6 𝑚𝑠 −1
𝑣2 𝑚𝑠 −1
A B A B
6kg 2kg 6kg 2kg
a) From 𝑚1 𝑢1 + 𝑚2 𝑢2 = 𝑚1 𝑣1 + 𝑚2 𝑣2
6 × 4 − (2 × 2) = 6 × 2.6 + 2 × 𝑣2
24 − 4 = 15.6 + 2𝑣2
2𝑣2 = 4.4
𝑣2 = 2.2 𝑚𝑠 −1
b) Loss in kinetic energy = 𝐾. 𝐸𝐵𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 − 𝐾. 𝐸𝐴𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟
1 1
K.E Before = 𝑚1 𝑢12 + 𝑚2 𝑢22
2 2
1 1
= × 6 × 4 + × 2 × 22 2
2 2
= 52 J
1 1
K.E After = 𝑚1 𝑣12 + 𝑚2 𝑣22
2 2
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 1
1 1
= × 6 × 2.62 + × 2 × 2.22
2 2
= 25.12 J
∴ Loss in K. E = 52 − 25.12 = 26.88 J
05
3 1
ℎ = − 0 = 0.5
2
𝑥 𝑓(𝑥 )
0 0.1003
0.5 0.0391
1 0.0801
1.5 0.0602
2 0.0649
2.5 0.0380
3 0.0327
Total 0.1330 0.2823
3 1 1
∫0 𝑓(𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 ≈ 2 × 2 [0.1330 + 2(0.2823)]
≈ 0.1744
≈ 0.174 (3dps)
05
4
Perpendicular to the plane;
𝑅 = 𝑔 cos 300 ………………(i)
Parallel to the plane;
1
𝑔 sin 300 − 𝑅 = 𝑎 …………(ii)
4
Putting (i) into (ii);
1
𝑎 = 𝑔 sin 300 − (𝑔 cos 300 )
4
1 1 √3
𝑎 = 9.8 × − × 9.8 ×
2 4 2
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 2
𝑎 = 2.7782 𝑚𝑠 −2
From 𝑣 2 = 𝑢2 + 2𝑎𝑠
𝑣 2 = 02 + 2 × 2.7782 × 4
𝑣 2 = 22.2256
∴ 𝑣 = 4.7144 𝑚𝑠 −1
05
5 Age (years) 𝑓 (‘000) c f.d
0 – 10 15 10 1.5
10 – 20 19 10 1.9
20 – 30 16 10 1.6
30 – 40 18 10 1.8
40 – 60 30 20 1.5
60 – 80 6 20 0.3
80 – 90 1 10 0.1
a)
b) Modal age = 16 years
05
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 3
6 𝑥 = 6.45, 𝑦 = 0.00215, 𝑧 = 2.7
𝑒𝑥 = 0.005, 𝑒𝑦 = 0.000005, 𝑒𝑧 = 0.05
(𝑥+𝑧 3 )𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑤𝑚𝑖𝑛 = (√𝑦)𝑚𝑎𝑥
6.445+(2.65)3
=
√0.002155
= 539.7147
(𝑥+𝑧 3 )𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑤𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (√𝑦)𝑚𝑖𝑛
6.455+(2.75)3
=
√0.002145
= 588.4137
∴ Internal = 539.7147 ≤ 𝑤 ≤ 588.4137
05
′ ′) ′) ′)
7 a) From P(𝑆 ∩ 𝑅 =P(𝑆 ∙ P(𝑅
P(𝑆) = [1 − 𝑃(𝑆)] ∙ P(𝑅′ )
1
P(𝑆) = (1 − 𝑃(𝑆))
4
1 1
P (𝑆 ) = − P (𝑆 )
4 4
5 1
P( 𝑆 ) =
4 4
1
∴ P(𝑆) = or 0.2
5
b) P(𝑆 ′ ∩ 𝑅) = P(𝑆 ′ ) ∙ P(𝑅)
4 3
= ×
5 4
3
= or 0.6
5
05
8 Let K = weight per unit are, W = KA
Area of square = 60 × 60 = 3600 𝑐𝑚2
Area of circle = 𝜋𝑟 2 = 𝜋 × 202 = 400𝜋 𝑐𝑚2
Remainder = 3600 − 400𝜋
Figure Area Weight Distance of
C.O.G from AD
Square 3600 3600K 30
Circle 400𝜋 400𝜋K 40
Remainder 3600−400𝜋 (3600 − 400𝜋)K 𝑥
Taking moments about AD
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 4
(3600 − 400𝜋)𝐾 × 𝑥 = 3600𝐾 × 30 − 400𝜋𝐾 × 40
(3600 − 400𝜋)𝑥 = 108,000 − 16,000𝜋
108,000−16,000𝜋
𝑥=
3600−400𝜋
𝑥 = 24.6375 𝑐𝑚 from AD
05
9 a) M(𝑥 , 𝑦̅)
∑𝑥 653
𝑥= = = 65.3
𝑛 10
∑𝑦 670
𝑦̅ = = = 67
𝑛 10
∴M(𝑥 , 𝑦̅) = M(65.3, 67)
b) Let B = BIOLOGY
E = ECONOMICS
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 5
B E 𝑅𝐵 𝑅𝐸 𝑑 𝑑2
45 90 10 1 9 81
63 64 6 5 1 1
56 76 8 3 5 25
61 70 7 4 3 9
75 55 3 8 -5 25
83 53 1 9.5 -8.5 72.225
73 62 4 6.5 -2.5 6.25
50 85 9 2 7 49
77 53 2 9.5 -7.5 56.25
70 62 5 6.5 -1.5 2.225
653 670 ∑ 𝑑 2 = 327
6 ∑ 𝑑2
𝜌 =1−
𝑛(𝑛2 −1)
6(327)
=1−
10(102 −1)
= −0.9818
Comment: It is significant at 5%
Or It is significant at 1%
Or It is very high negative correlation
12
10 a)
b)
1
(i) 526 = (25 × 10) + × 8(25 + 𝑉 ) + (𝑉 × 12)
2
526 = 250 + 100 + 4𝑉 + 12𝑉
526 = 350 + 16𝑉
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 6
16𝑉 = 176
𝑉 = 11 𝑚𝑠 −1
(ii) From 𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡
11 = 25 + 8𝑎
8𝑎 = −14
𝑎 = −1.75
∴ the deceleration is 1.75 𝑚𝑠 −2
12
11 a)
(i) 𝑓(1) = 1𝑒 1 + 5(1) − 10 = −2.2817
𝑓(2) = 2𝑒 2 − 5(2) − 10 = 14.7781
(ii) Since 𝑓(1) ∙ 𝑓(2) < 0, thus 1 < root < 2
b)
1 𝑥0 2
-2.2817 0 14.7781
𝑥0 −1 2−1
=
0+2.2817 14.7781+2.2817
𝑥0 = 1.1337
𝑓(1.13337) = 1.13337𝑒 1.1337 + 5(1.1337) − 10
= −0.8089
1.1337 𝑥1 2
-0.8089 0 14.7781
𝑥1 −1.1337 2−1.13337
=
0+0.8089 14.7781+0.8089
𝑥1 = 1.1787
∴ Root ≈ 1.179 (3dps)
12
12 a) Testing
For −1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0;
=F(0) − 𝐹 (−1)
1
= −0
6
1 1
= <
6 2
For 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2;
= 𝐹 (2) − 𝐹 (0)
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 7
5 1
= −
6 6
2 1
= >
3 2
Let 𝑚 =median
1
F( 𝑚 ) =
2
1+2𝑚 1
=
6 2
1 + 2𝑚 = 3
2𝑚 = 2
∴𝑚=1
𝑑 1+𝑥 1
b) For −1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0; 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = ( )=
𝑑𝑥 6 6
𝑑 1+2𝑥 1
For 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2; 𝑓(𝑥 ) = ( )=
𝑑𝑥 6 3
8 𝑑 4+3𝑥 1
For 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ ; 𝑓(𝑥 ) = ( )=
3 𝑑𝑥 12 4
8 𝑑
For 𝑥 ≥ ; 𝑓(𝑥 ) = (1) = 0
3 𝑑𝑥
1
, −1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0
6
1
,0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2
∴ 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 3
1 8
,2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤
4 3
{ 0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
21 2.5 1
c) P(1 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 2.5) = ∫1 𝑑𝑥 + ∫2 𝑑𝑥
3 4
1 2 1 2.5
= [ 𝑥] + [ 𝑥]
3 1 4 2
1 1
= (2 − 1) + (2.5 − 2)
3 4
1 1
= +
3 8
11
= or 0.4583
24
8
0 1 21 1
d) E(𝑋) = ∫−1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + ∫0 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + ∫23 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
6 3 4
8
0 2
1 𝑥2 1 𝑥2 1 𝑥2 3
= [ ] + [ ] + [ ]
6 2 −1 3 2 0 4 2 2
1 1 1 64
= (0 − 1) + (4 − 0) + ( − 4)
12 6 8 9
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 8
1 2 7
=− + +
12 3 18
35
= or 0.97222
36
12
13 a) Let 𝑭𝑅 be the resultant force
𝑭𝑅 = 𝑭1 + 𝑭2 + 𝑭3
2 5 −2
=( )+( )+( )
−3 2 −11
5
=( )N
−12
∴ |𝑭𝑅 | = √52 + (−12)2 = 13 N
b) About the origin;
2 3 −2 3 3 −2
G=| |+| |+| |
2 −3 5 2 −2 −11
= (−6 − 6) + (−4 − 15) + (−33 − 4)
= −12 − 19 − 37
= −68 N𝑚
Using 𝐺 − 𝑥𝐹𝑦 + 𝑦𝐹𝑥 = 0
−68 + 12𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 0
∴ 12𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 68 = 0
c) It cuts the 𝑥-axis when 𝑦 = 0;
12𝑥 − 68 = 0
12𝑥 = 68
𝑥 = 5.6667 𝑚 from the origin.
d) Let (𝑎𝒊 + 𝑏𝒋)be the force to be added to form a couple
0
For a couple the 𝑭𝑅 = ( )
0
5 𝑎 0
( )+( )=( )
−12 𝑏 0
5+𝑎 =0 ∴ 𝑎 = −5
−12 + 𝑏 = 0 ∴ 𝑏 = 12
∴ (−5𝒊 + 12𝒋) N
12
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 9
14 a) Let 𝑥 = 𝑁 𝑘1
𝑥𝑘 = 𝑁
𝑥𝑘 − 𝑁 = 0
Let 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 𝑘 − 𝑁
𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) = 𝑘𝑥 𝑘−1
𝑘 −𝑁
𝑥𝑛
𝑥𝑛+1 = 𝑥𝑛 − 𝑘−1
𝑘𝑥𝑛
𝑘 −𝑥 𝑘 +𝑁
𝑘𝑥𝑛 𝑛
𝑥𝑛+1 = 𝑘−1
𝑘𝑥𝑛
𝑘 +𝑁
(𝑘−1)𝑥𝑛
= 𝑘−1
𝑘𝑥𝑛
b)
c) Dry run
N = 13, 𝑘 = 4, 𝑥0 = 1.6
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 10
𝑛 𝑥𝑛 𝑥𝑛+1 |𝑥𝑛+1 − 𝑥𝑛 |
0 1.6 1.9935 0.3935
1 1.9935 1.9054 0.0881
2 1.9054 1.8989 0.0065
3 1.8989 1.8989 0.0000
∴ Root = 1.899, 𝑁 = 13
12
15 a) P(𝐴) = 0.3, P(𝐴 = 0.7′)
P(𝐵) = 0.5, P(𝐵′ ) = 0.5
P(𝐶 ) = 0.7, P(𝐶 ′ ) = 0.3
(i) P(only one) =P(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵′ ∩ 𝐶 ′ ) +P(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 ′ ) + P(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵′ ∩ 𝐶 )
= (0.3 × 0.5 × 0.3) + (0.7 × 0.5 × 0.3) + (0.7 × 0.5 × 0.7)
= 0.045 + 0.105 + 0.245
= 0.395
(ii) P (two or more) = P (only two) + P(all)
P(only two) =P(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 ) +P(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵′ ∩ 𝐶 ) + P(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 ′ )
= (0.7 × 0.5 × 0.7) + (0.3 × 0.5 × 0.7) + (0.3 × 0.5 × 0.3)
= 0.245 + 0.105 + 0.045
= 0.395
P (All) = P(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 )
= 0.3 × 0.5 × 0.7
= 0.105
∴ P (two or more) = 0.395 + 0.105 = 0.5
ALT:
P (two or more) = 1−[𝑃(𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒) + 𝑃(𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑜𝑛𝑒)]
P (none) = 𝑃(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵′ ∩ 𝐶 ′ )
= 0.7 × 0.5 × 0.3
= 0.105
∴ P (two or more) = 1−[0.105 + 0.395]
= 1 − 0.5
= 0.5
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 11
2
b) P(𝑃) = 0.6, 𝑃(𝐿⁄𝑃) =
3
1
P(𝑄 ) = 0.4, 𝑃(𝐿⁄𝑄 ) =
3
2 1
(i) P(𝐿) = (0.6 × ) + (0.4 × )
3 3
8
= or 0.5333
15
𝑃(𝑃∩𝐿′ )
(ii) P(𝑃⁄𝐿′ ) =
𝑃(𝐿′ )
1
(0.6× )
3
= 8
1−
15
3
= or 0.4286
7
12
16 Let 𝑎 be the acceleration of the system, 𝑇 and 𝑇1 be the tensions in the
strings
a)
(i) For 12 kg mass:
T−12g= 12𝑎 ……………………(i)
For 9 kg mass:
𝑇1 + 9g−T = 9𝑎 ……………….(ii)
For 7 kg mass:
7g−𝑇1 = 7𝑎 …………………….(iii)
(i)+(ii)+(iii);
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 12
4𝑔 = 28𝑎
4𝑔 𝑔 9.8
𝑎= = = = 1.4 𝑚𝑠 −2
28 7 7
(ii) From (i);
T = 12𝑎 +12g
T = 12 × 1.4 + 12 × 9.8
T = 16.8 + 117.6
= 134.4 N
From (iii);
𝑇1 =7g−7𝑎
= 7 × 9.8 − 7 × 1.4
= 68.6 − 9.8
= 58.8 N
b) Let the velocity be 𝑣
Using 𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡
𝑣 = 0 + 1.4 × 1.5
𝑣 = 2.1 𝑚𝑠 −1
Prepared by Mr. Seninde Denis Tel: 0789367681/0706250578 13
