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SALTS

The document discusses the properties and reactions of acids, bases, and salts. It defines salts as being formed when hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a metal or ammonium. Salts can be formed through reactions between acids and metals, metal carbonates, or when acids neutralize alkalis to form water and a salt. Not all metals react with acids to form salts. The document also discusses properties of acids, bases, alkalis and how neutralization reactions occur between acids and alkalis.

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44 views

SALTS

The document discusses the properties and reactions of acids, bases, and salts. It defines salts as being formed when hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a metal or ammonium. Salts can be formed through reactions between acids and metals, metal carbonates, or when acids neutralize alkalis to form water and a salt. Not all metals react with acids to form salts. The document also discusses properties of acids, bases, alkalis and how neutralization reactions occur between acids and alkalis.

Uploaded by

fatima
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 7: SALTS

PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
 Acids have a sour taste.
 Acids change the color of certain acid-base indicates. .
 Acids react with active metals to yield hydrogen gas. .
 Acids react with bases to produce a salt compound and water.
 All acids contain hydrogen
PROPERTIES OF ALKALIS
 Alkalis have a BITTER taste & have a SOAPY touch.
 Alkalis turn RED litmus paper BLUE.
 Alkalis have a pH value > 7.
 Alkalis are CAUSTIC.
PROPERTIES OF BASES
 Bases change the colour of litmus from red to blue.
 They are bitter in taste.
 Bases lose their basicity when mixed with acids.
 Bases react with acids to form salt and water. ...
 They can conduct electricity.
 Bases feel slippery or soapy.
 Some bases are great conductors of electricity.
 Salts are formed when the hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a
metal or ammonium.
 Salts are compounds.
 Carbonic acid is a weak acid that is formed when carbon dioxide
reacts with water . Salts made from carbonic acid are called
carbonates.
 Salts formed using citric acid are called citrates.
 equation for the reaction of metals with acid is:
Acid + metal → salt + hydrogen
 equation for the reaction of metal carbonates with acid is :
Acid +carbonates → salt + water + carbon dioxide
 Equation for neutralization Reaction is :
Acid + alkali → salt + water
 It would be dangerous to prepare sodium chloride reacting with
hydrochloric acid beacause sodium is highly reactive and reacting
it with hydrochloric acid can cause an explosion.
 Some metals do not react with acids to make salts like gold silver
and copper beacause they are too unreactive to displace
hydrogen from an acid so for less reactive metals we use oxide.
 Metal carbonates are also salts. Carbonates are formed by the
reaction of metal with carbonic acid.
 Limestone is composed of calcium carbonate. It is damaged when
it reacts with acid rain and erodes.
 When can check that carbondioxide is given off in an reaction by
lime water test when the lime water gets bubbly and foamy .
 When bubbles are formed we know a gas is being released and
the reaction is taking place.
 All alkalis are bases , all bases are not alkalis.
 Bases so not dissolve in water.
 Bases that dissolve in water are alkali.
 Neutralization is a chemical reaction in which an alkali and an
base react with eachother.
 Alkalis react with acids and neutralize them.
 When an acid is neutralized by an alkali a salt is produced.
 Metal oxides are called bases.
 Metal oxide dissolve in water to form an alkaline solution .
 Iron oxide and copper oxide are metal oxides which are not
soluble in water but they can still react with acids to form salts.
 To obtain a dry sample of the salt , you must allow the water to
evaporate from the solution of the salt.

Base Alkali

Bases do not dissolve in water Bases that dissolve in water are alkali

All bases are not alkali All alkali are bases

It neutralizes acids It releases OH- ions, accepts a proton

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