Math 8 Unit 3 Lesson 4 Module Graphing Linear.
Math 8 Unit 3 Lesson 4 Module Graphing Linear.
IN
MATHEMATICS 8
THIRD QUARTER
Unit 3
Linear Equations
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students must be able to:
Correctly determine whether the graph of a linear equation is increasing or decreasing;
Accurately graph a linear equation using either the intercepts or the slope and the y-intercept;
and
Correctly solve word problems involving linear equations.
What can you say about the two points used to graph the line? How do you think are these
points obtained?
Linear equations can be graphed using their intercepts: x-intercept and y-intercept.
Definition 5.1: The x-intercept is the point where the line passes
through the x-axis. The coordinates of the
x - intercept follow the form(x , 0) .
To find the x-intercept, substitute y=0 into the linear equation and solve for x .
Definition 5.2: The y-intercept is the point where the line passes
through the y-axis. The coordinates of the y-
intercept follow the form (0 , y ).
To find the y-intercept, substitute into the linear equation and solve for .
Another method of graphing linear equations is by using the slope and the y-intercept.
In this method, you will use the formula:
rise
m=
run
Rise is the number of units you will count up from your y-intercept. Run is the number of
units you will count left or right, depending on the sign.
The process starts by plotting the y-intercept along the y-axis. From there, the slope is used to
find the second point by counting a certain number of units up (rise), and counting a certain number
of units to the left or to the right (run).
Given the graph of a line, the slope's behavior can be determined without solving for the exact
value of the slope. Starting from the left side of the line, trace the line going to the right side of the
Cartesian plane. If you trace going up, the slope of the line is positive and it is increasing. If you
trace going down, the slope of the line is negative and it is decreasing.
Let’s Practice!
Example 1
Sketch the graph of the linear equation3 x+ 2 y =−1.
Solution:
Note that two points are enough to draw a line. So the goal would then be
to determine two points on the line from the equation.
Step 1
Assign a value to one of the variables and substitute it into the linear equation. Here,
let us use y=1 .
3 x+ 2 y =−1
3 x+ 2(1)=−1
Step 2
Solve for the value of the other variable.
3 x+ 2(1)=−1
3 x+ 2=−1
3 x=−1−2
3 x=−3
3 x −3
=
3 3
x=−1
Since y=1 corresponds to x=−1, it follows that the point (−1 , 1) lies on the line. Be
sure to write the numbers in the proper order; x should always come first.
Unit 3 Linear Equation
Lesson 5 Graphing Linear Equations pg. 4
Repeat the same process to find a second point.
Step 3
Assign a value to one of the variables and substitute it into the linear equation. This
time, we let x=1.
3 x+ 2 y =−1
3(1)+2 y=−1
Step 4
Solve for the value of the other variable.
3(1)+2 y=−1
3+2 y=−1
2 y=−1−3
2 y=−4
2 y −4
=
2 2
y=−2
Since x=1 corresponds to y=−2, it follows that the point (1 ,−2) also lies on the line.
Now, we can graph the line.
Step 5
Plot the two points on the Cartesian plane.
The two points are (–1, 1) and (1, −2).
Step 6
Draw a straight line through the two points.
Step 2
Let x=0 .
Step 3
Plot the intercepts and connect them to graph the line.
Example 3
Graph the linear equation y=2 x +3 using the slope and y-intercept.
Solution:
y=2 x +3
Step 2
m=2 b=3∨(0 3)
Step 3
Plot the y-intercept.
Step 4
2
m=
1
2. Graph the line formed by the equation 2 x+3 y =6 using its intercepts.
Baron, Lorraine, et al. Math Makes Sense 8. Canada: Pearson Education, 2008.
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