MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,

MUMBAI

A PROJECT REPORT ON
“CCTV Surveillance System and its Maintenance. ”
DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY
Mr. Musandi Apurv G.
Mr. Bhosale Deepankar A.
Mr. Mujawar Junaid I.
Mr. Kumbhar Shravan A.
Mr. Rajmane Paras A.
Mr. Patil Namdev G.

Under Guidence Of:

Prof. H. A. Panari

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER

ENGINEERING
SANT GAJANAN MAHARAJ RURAL POLYTECHNIC, MAHAGAON
ACADEMIC YEAR 2022-2023
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF
TECHNICAL EDUCATION,
MUMBAI (MSBTE)
SANT GAJANAN MAHARAJ RURAL HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTER, MAHAGAON

“SANT GAJANAN MAHARAJ RURAL POLYTECHNIC”

A/P- MAHAGAON, SITE- CHINCHEWADI, TAL- GADHINGLAJ, DIST- KOLHAPUR

Certificate
This is certify that the following students of Fourth semester of Diploma Programme
in ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING of Institute SANT GAJANAN MAHARAJ RURAL
POLYTECHNIC, MAHAGAON-416503(CODE-0965) has completed Micro project on “CCTV
Surveillance System and its Maintenance.” satisfactory in subject MET subject code:22036 for
academic year 2022-2023 as prescribed in the curriculum.
ROLL NO. ENROLLMENT NO. SEAT NO. NAME OF STUDENT

39 2109650216 Mr. Musandi Apurv

01 2109650176 Mr. Bhosale Deepankar

25 2109650202 Mr. Mujawar Junaid

37 2109650214 Mr. Kumbhar Shravan

34 2109650211 Mr. Rajmane Paras

49 2209650454 Mr. Patil Namdev

Date:

Prof. H. A. Panari Prof. M. P. Patil Prof. D. B. Kesti

(Project Guide) (Head of Department) (Principal)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The success and final outcome of this report required a lot of guidance and
assistance from many people and we are extremely privileged to have got this all
along the completion of my report. All that we have done is only due to such
supervision and assistance and we would not forget to thank them. We are
extremely thankful to our project guide Prof. H. A. Panari and head of Electronic
and computer Department Prof. M. P. Patil who took keep interest on our project
work and guided us all along, till the completion of our report work by providing
all the necessary information for developing a good system and for providing such
a nice support and guidance, although he had busy schedule managing the
corporate affairs. We would not forget to remember principal of Prof. D. B. Kesti
for their encouragement and more over for their timely support and guidance till
the completion of our report work. We are thankful to and fortunate enough to get
constant encouragement, support and guidance from all Teaching staffs of
ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT which
helped u s in successfully completing our report work. Also, we would like to
extend our sincere esteems to all staff in laboratory for their timely support.
 INDEX
Sr. No. Content
1. Certificate
2. Acknowledgement
3. Part A- Micro project proposal
1.0 Rationale
2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed
3.0 Literature Review
4.0 Resources Required
5.0 Proposed Methodology
4. Part B- Micro project Report
1.0 Rationale
2.0 Aim of micro-project creation
3.0 Course Outcomes Addressed
4.0 Literature Review
5.0 Conclusion
6.0 Reference
 PART A: Micro project proposal
CCTV Surveillance System and its Maintenance.
1.0 Rationale
CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) is an important tool used for various purposes, including
crime prevention, public safety, and evidence collection. CCTV cameras are used in many
public and private spaces, such as shopping centers, schools, hospitals, and residential areas.
One of the primary reasons why CCTV is needed is for crime prevention and deterrence. By
providing the threat of detection and evidence collection, CCTV cameras can discourage
criminals from committing crimes. They are less likely to target a location if they know they
are being watched. This can help reduce crime rates and make communities safer.
Another important use of CCTV is for public safety. CCTV systems can be used to monitor
public areas, such as streets and parks, to detect and respond to potential safety issues such as
accidents, emergencies, and suspicious activities. This can help emergency responders
quickly and effectively respond to incidents, potentially saving lives and preventing injuries.

2.0 Course Outcome Addressed

A) Working of CCTV.
B) Types of CCTV.
C) Costing of CCTV.
D) Maintenance of CCTV.

3.0 Literature Review

The increase in security threats across the world has facilitated the introduction of technology
to assist security agencies. Security agents are using surveillance systems such as Closed
Circuit Television (CCTV) to enhance safety precautions to the public. A CCTV is a
surveillance system that consists of cameras, recorders and displays for monitoring activities.
Installation of CCTVs around the streets has raised mixed reactions from the public. Some
people claim that the system has reduced crime rates in the recent past while others feel
insecure in the absence of police officers in the street. The presence of both police officers
and CCTV videos in the streets contributes to reduction or increase of crime rates. Although
CCTVs are digital and efficient because they are in strategic places, the cost of maintenance,
privacy concerns and societal perceptions are affecting their significance.
Another issue that influences that use of CCTVs is the societal perception. The project is a
crucial initiative that aims at reducing crime rates, yet the public does not appreciate its
importance. The public misconception of the devices that it monitors the activities of all
people affects its services. Traditionally, the presence of police officers in the streets has
helped in scaring criminals. Failures in technology have also enabled criminals break into
businesses or homes unnoticed. Public support is based upon the often-erroneous belief that
the cameras are universally subject to regular, routine and systematic monitoring.
4.0 Resources Required
Sr.No. Name of Resources Specification Quantity Remark
1. Desktop Computer AMD Ryzen 5 5600g 1 Used
processor, 16GB Ram, 256GB
Nvme SSD, 1TB HDD, 24”
LED Monitor, RGB-KBD,
Mouse.
2. Printer HP LaserJet Pro M128fn 1 Used
3. Operating system Windows 11 1 Used

5.0 Proposed Methodology

We have just planned the below activities and then made the project by help of computer. We
distributed the work of this project into team members. As the ‘CCTV Surveillance and its
Maintenance’ is somewhat complicated project so we have taken the help our professor to
understand how to actually the CCTV works and what are its types and costing.

Sr. No. Details of Activity Planned Planned Name of

Started Finished Responsible
Date Date Team members
1. Search the project and find 10/04 15/04 Namdev Patil
suitable title.
2. Collect reference sites for 16/04 19/04 Shravan Kumbhar
information. Paras Rajmane
3. Preparing the project. 20/04 28/04 Apurv Musandi
4. Doing detail analysis of 01/05 06/05 Junaid Mujawar
project.
5. Shown the soft copy to 07/05 10/05 Deepankar
subject guide (if any Bhosale
changes required). Namdev Patil
6. Correcting errors and 11/05 13/05 Apurv Musandi
finalise the project.
 PART B: Micro project Report
CCTV Surveillance System and its Maintenance
1.0 Rationale
CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) systems work by capturing and recording video footage of
a specific area or location. The cameras are positioned in strategic locations to ensure that
they capture the necessary footage, and they can be fixed or mobile depending on the needs
of the user. The cameras are connected to a central recording device, which may be located
on-site or remotely, and the footage is stored for later review. CCTV systems may also
incorporate advanced features such as motion detection, facial recognition, and remote
access. Motion detection allows the system to alert the user to any movement within the
camera's field of view, while facial recognition can be used to identify specific individuals.
Remote access allows the user to view the footage from anywhere with an internet
connection, providing an added layer of security.
Overall, CCTV systems provide an important tool for enhancing security and safety in a
variety of settings, from homes and small businesses to large public spaces and transportation
hubs. By capturing and recording video footage, these systems can deter criminal activity,
provide valuable evidence for investigations, and improve response times to potential security
threats.

2.0 Aim of Micro-project Creation

Learning the actual working of CCTV and its features. To know about its specification and
various types which are been used for different purposes. The main aim of project is to learn
its working, its benefits and its maintenance.

3.0 Course Outcomes Addressed

A) Learnt working of CCTV
B) Types of CCTV
C) Specifications of CCTV
D) Maintenance of CCTV

4.0 Literature Review

CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) systems have become an increasingly common feature in
our daily lives. These systems consist of cameras that are positioned in strategic locations to
monitor and record video footage of a specific area or location. CCTV systems are used in a
variety of settings, from public spaces and transportation hubs to homes and businesses. One
of the main benefits of CCTV systems is their ability to enhance security and safety. By
capturing and recording video footage, these systems can deter criminal activity and provide
valuable evidence for investigations. CCTV systems can also improve response times to
potential security threats by allowing security personnel to monitor the situation in real-time.
Another benefit of CCTV systems is their ability to provide peace of mind to individuals and
businesses. For example, homeowners may choose to install CCTV systems to monitor their
property and ensure the safety of their family.
4.1 Basic working of CCTV
CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) systems work by using cameras to capture and record
video footage of a specific area or location. The cameras are strategically positioned to ensure
they capture the necessary footage, and they may be fixed or mobile depending on the needs
of the user. The captured video footage is transmitted to a central recording device, which
may be located on-site or remotely. This recording device is connected to the cameras
through a wired or wireless network.
In some cases, CCTV systems may also include advanced features such as motion detection,
facial recognition, and remote access. Motion detection allows the system to alert the user to
any movement within the camera's field of view, while facial recognition can be used to
identify specific individuals. Remote access enables the user to view the footage from
anywhere with an internet connection, providing an added layer of security. Once the video
footage is recorded, it can be stored for later review or analysis. The recorded footage can be
reviewed to investigate potential incidents or criminal activity, or to identify safety hazards or
operational inefficiencies.
Overall, CCTV systems provide an important tool for enhancing security and safety in a
variety of settings, from homes and small businesses to large public spaces and transportation
hubs. By capturing and recording video footage, these systems can deter criminal activity,
provide valuable evidence for investigations, and improve response times to potential security
threats. However, it is important to carefully consider the potential benefits and drawbacks of
these systems and to ensure that they are used responsibly and ethically.
4.2 Connection of CCTV
A CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) system is an integral part of modern-day security
measures, providing real-time video surveillance of a designated area. CCTV systems can be
configured in various ways to meet the specific security requirements of different
applications. Below is a detailed explanation of the connection of the key components of a
CCTV system.

1. DVR:

The DVR (Digital Video Recorder) is the central

component of a CCTV system that records and stores the
video captured by the cameras. The DVR allows for
remote viewing and playback of recorded footage. It can
be connected to multiple cameras, allowing the system to
capture footage from different areas simultaneously. A
DVR is equipped with various recording modes such as
continuous recording, motion detection, and scheduled
recording. It can also be configured to send alerts when motion is detected in the
monitored area.
2. Power supply:

The power supply unit (PSU) is responsible for providing

electrical power to the cameras and the DVR. A CCTV
system requires a stable and uninterrupted power supply to
function correctly. The PSU regulates the voltage, ensuring
that all the cameras and the DVR receive the required
power. The power supply unit can be located near the DVR,
and a single unit can supply power to all the cameras in the
system.
3. Cameras:

The cameras capture the footage and are strategically

placed to cover the desired areas. They come in
different types and configurations, such as bullet,
dome, PTZ (Pan-Tilt-Zoom), and thermal cameras.
Each camera is connected to the DVR via a coaxial or
network cable. The video signal from the camera is
transmitted to the DVR, where it is recorded and stored. Some cameras have built-in
features such as infrared night vision, motion detection, and audio recording. Some
cameras also allow for remote pan, tilt, and zoom functionality.

4. Monitor/Display:

The monitor displays the footage captured by the cameras.

It can be a dedicated monitor or a TV screen, and it can be
connected to the DVR either directly or through a network
connection. The monitor allows operators to view live feeds
and playback recorded footage. Some DVRs come with
built-in display panels that allow for direct viewing of the
footage. The monitor is also used for configuring the DVR
settings and adjusting the camera settings.

5. Cabling:

The CCTV system requires cables to transmit video signals and

power. The cabling can be either coaxial or network cables. Coaxial
cables are used for analog systems, while network cables are used
for IP (Internet Protocol) systems. The type of cabling used depends
on the CCTV system's configuration and the distance between the
cameras and the DVR.

6. Networking:

Many modern CCTV systems have a network

connection that allows for remote viewing and
management of the system. The network
connection enables users to access the DVR
remotely via a computer or a mobile device.
Remote access allows for real-time monitoring and
playback of recorded footage, making it an essential feature for businesses with
multiple locations or for home security systems.
4.3 Types of CCTV Camera:
1. Dome Cameras:

Dome cameras are named after their dome-shaped housing.

They are popularly used in indoor surveillance and come with
various features, such as wide-angle lenses, infrared (IR) night
vision, and vandal-proof casings. Dome cameras are easy to
install and offer a discreet way of monitoring activity. They
come in two main variants, namely fixed and PTZ. Fixed dome
cameras offer a fixed field of view and are generally more
affordable. In contrast, PTZ dome cameras can pan, tilt, and zoom, providing users
with greater flexibility to monitor their surroundings. Dome cameras are ideal for use
in shopping malls, retail stores, and casinos.
2. Bullet Cameras:

Bullet cameras, also known as cylindrical cameras, are

long and cylindrical in shape. They are primarily used for
outdoor surveillance and can be easily mounted on walls
or ceilings. They come with a wide range of features, such
as infrared night vision, weather-resistant casings, and
motion detection. Bullet cameras are ideal for monitoring
long and narrow areas, such as parking lots, entrances,
and corridors. They are also easy to install and come in
both fixed and PTZ variants. This cameras not more expensive and can get in local
market easily.
3. PTZ Cameras:
PTZ cameras are a type of dome or bullet camera that can
pan, tilt, and zoom. They are controlled remotely and can
provide a 360-degree view of the surroundings. PTZ
cameras come with various features, such as motion
detection, infrared night vision, and programmable presets.
They are ideal for use in large areas, such as warehouses,
airports, and stadiums, where a fixed camera cannot
provide adequate coverage. PTZ cameras can be expensive,
but they offer excellent flexibility and control.
4. Wireless Cameras:

Wireless cameras are a type of CCTV camera that operates

wirelessly, eliminating the need for cabling. They come in
various shapes and sizes, including dome and bullet cameras.
Wireless cameras use Wi-Fi or cellular networks to transmit
data to a remote location, such as a cloud-based storage
system or a mobile device. They offer excellent
flexibility and can be easily installed in hard-to-reach areas.
4.4 Costing of Camera’s as per its Specification:

Sr.No. Manufacturer Model Name Specification Price(In

INR)
1. Hikvision DS-2CE56DOT- Dome camera, 2MP, IR night 2,500/-
IRPF vision, weatherproof

2. CP Plus CP-VAC-D10L2 Dome camera, 1MP, IR night 1,500/-

vision, weatherproof
3. Dahua DH-HAC- Bullet camera, 2MP, IR night 2,800/-
HFW1220RP vision, weatherproof
4. Mi Mi 3600 Dome camera, 2MP, IR night 3,000/-
vision, 360-degree coverage

5. Godrej SeeThru PT 720P PTZ camera, 1MP, IR night 6,500/-

vision, 360-degree coverage,
remote control
6. Samsung SDC-9443BC Bullet camera, 2MP, IR night 3,500/-
vision, weatherproof
7. Sony SNC-EB602R Dome camera, 2MP, IR night 20,000/-
vision, weatherproof, wide
dynamic range
8. Ventage VC-TRT-IPD08 Dome camera, 8MP, IR night 15,000/-
vision, weatherproof
9. Swann SWPRO- Bullet camera, 2MP, IR night 4,500/-
1080MSB vision, weatherproof, motion
detection
10. Bosch VDA-832FHD- Dome camera, 1080p HD, IR 12,000/-
WMT night vision, weatherproof,
vandal-resistant

 Note that the prices may vary depending on the location and retailer. Also, the table
only includes a few popular models and there are many other options available in the
market with different specifications and prices.
4.4 Maintenance of CCTV:
CCTV cameras are an essential part of any security system and it is important to maintain
them properly to ensure that they function effectively. CCTV cameras are used in various
places such as homes, offices, banks, airports, and other public places. Proper maintenance of
CCTV cameras is essential to ensure that they are always working optimally and providing
the best possible security coverage.
1. Regular cleaning: The first step in maintaining CCTV cameras is to keep them clean.
Dust, dirt, and other particles can accumulate on the lenses of the camera, which can
impact the clarity of the footage. Regular cleaning with a soft, dry cloth can help to
remove any dirt or debris. Care should be taken not to use water or harsh chemicals as
this can damage the camera.
2. Check and replace cables: The cables that connect the CCTV cameras to the
recording device should be checked regularly for any signs of wear and tear.
Damaged cables can cause interference, leading to poor quality footage. If cables are
damaged, they should be replaced immediately.
3. Check and replace camera components: Like any other electronic device, CCTV
cameras can develop faults over time. Components such as the lens or the infrared
lights may need to be replaced. Regular checks should be made to ensure that all
components are functioning as they should.
4. Firmware updates: Many modern CCTV cameras are equipped with firmware that
can be updated. It is important to keep the firmware up to date to ensure that the
camera is working optimally. Firmware updates can fix bugs, improve performance,
and add new features to the camera.
5. Check the power supply: CCTV cameras require a constant power supply to
function properly. Power outages or fluctuations can cause the camera to stop
working or malfunction. Regular checks should be made to ensure that the power
supply is stable and that the camera is receiving the correct voltage.
6. Regular testing: CCTV cameras should be tested regularly to ensure that they are
functioning properly. This can be done by viewing the footage and checking for any
issues such as poor image quality, distortion, or interference. Regular testing can help
to identify any problems early and ensure that the camera is always providing the best
possible coverage.
7. Professional maintenance: In addition to regular checks and maintenance, it is also
important to have CCTV cameras professionally serviced periodically. This can
include a thorough cleaning, component replacement, and firmware updates.
Professional maintenance can help to ensure that the cameras are functioning
optimally and providing the best possible security coverage.
In conclusion, proper maintenance of CCTV cameras is essential to ensure that they are
always working optimally and providing the best possible security coverage. Regular
cleaning, checking and replacing cables and camera components, firmware updates, checking
the power supply, regular testing, and professional maintenance are all important steps in
maintaining CCTV cameras. By following these tips, you can ensure that your CCTV
cameras are always working at their best and providing the best possible security coverage.
4.5 Advantages of CCTV:
CTV, or closed-circuit television, has become an integral part of security systems around the
world. It provides a range of benefits in various settings, from commercial and industrial to
public and private areas. Some of the main benefits of CCTV are:

1. Crime prevention: The presence of CCTV cameras deters criminals and reduces the
likelihood of crime occurring in the first place. It provides a sense of security and
safety to people in the area.
2. Evidence gathering: In the event of a crime or incident, CCTV footage can be used
as evidence to help identify suspects, gather information and help with investigations.
3. Employee safety: In the workplace, CCTV can help prevent accidents and ensure
employee safety. It can also help monitor employee behavior and productivity.
4. Remote monitoring: With the advancements in technology, CCTV systems can now
be remotely monitored and accessed. This means that security personnel can monitor
the area from a remote location, increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of security
measures.
5. Cost-effective: CCTV is a cost-effective solution for security compared to hiring
additional security personnel. Once installed, CCTV cameras require minimal
maintenance and can last for many years.
6. Public safety: CCTV can help increase public safety in public areas such as streets,
parks, and public transport. It can help monitor and prevent incidents such as
vandalism, theft, and assault.
7. Insurance benefits: Having CCTV installed can help lower insurance premiums as it
shows that the property is being actively monitored and security measures are in
place.

Overall, CCTV provides a range of benefits for security and safety in various settings. It
helps prevent crime, provides evidence, ensures employee safety, and is cost-effective in the
long run.
5.0 Conclusion
In conclusion, the type of CCTV camera you choose depends on your specific surveillance
needs. It is important to do research and choose a camera that is best suited for the
environment in which it will be installed.
Overall, CCTV systems provide an important tool for enhancing security and safety in a
variety of settings, from homes and small businesses to large public spaces and transportation
hubs. By capturing and recording video footage, these systems can deter criminal activity,
provide valuable evidence for investigations, and improve response times to potential security
threats. However, it is important to carefully consider the potential benefits and drawbacks of
these systems and to ensure that they are used responsibly and ethically.

6.0 Reference
1. https://www.statesystemsinc.com/blog/what-is-cctv
2. https://www.businesswatchgroup.co.uk/types-of-cctv-cameras-the-complete-guide/
3. https://www.hikvision.com/en/products/
4. https://www.westerndigital.com/en-in/solutions/cctv/
5. https://wikipedia.com/