Stage 7

▪ Use letters to represent numbers.

▪ Use the correct order of operations in algebraic expressions.
▪ Write and use expressions.
▪ Is the part of mathematics in which you use letters and other symbols to represent
numbers.

▪ +6 = 16
▪ 𝑥 + 6 = 16
▪ 𝑥 × 4 = 24
 Algebra

expression Equation
Contains numbers and letters Contains numbers and letters
but not an equals sign. and an equals sign.
𝑥+5 𝑥+5=9
▪ 5𝑛 + 4 is an ( expression/ equation).
▪ 5𝑛 + 4 = 19 is an ( expression/ equation).
▪ note: 5𝑛 = 5 × 𝑛
• p × 6 should be written as:
▪ 7m – 3n + 2
▪ How many terms are there in this expression?
▪ 3q − p + 10 – 9t
▪ How many terms are there in this expression?
▪ 3x − y – 9
▪ How many terms are there in this expression?
▪ Twice means × 2
▪ Half means ÷ 2
▪ Doubled means × 2
▪ Tripled means × 3
▪ Q: When you triple w the answer is w
▪ Mathew is x years old. David is 4 years older than Mathew. Adam is 2 years younger
than Mathew. Kathryn is three times Mathew’s age. Ella is half Mathew’s age.
▪ Write down an expression for each person’s age.
1- Sofia thinks of a number t. She multiplies her
number by 7.
▪ Her new number is t.

2- When you triple w the answer is w

▪ Sofia has a bag that contains n counters.
Write an expression for the total number of counters she has in the
bag when:
A- she puts in two more counters.
B- she takes out three counters.
Q 3 AND 4
▪ Discuss in pairs or groups.
▪ How would you write an expression for each of these?
▪ A- I think of a number x. I multiply the number by 6, then add 1.
▪ B- I think of a number x. I multiply the number by 4, then subtract 9.

▪ C- I think of a number x. I divide the number by 6, then subtract 1.

▪ D- I think of a number x. I divide the number by 2, then add 7
▪ F- I think of a number x. I multiply the number by 2, then subtract the result from 25.
▪ Q6
▪ A) Zara is classifying some expression cards into groups
of equivalent expressions and she said The expression 5n + 4 is
the same as 5 × n + 4 and 4 + 5 × n
▪ Explain why Zara is correct.
▪ Q8,9,10,11
▪ Substitute numbers into expressions
▪ Write and use formulae.
▪ M= 1
▪ A= 2
▪ T=3
▪ H= 4
▪ S= 5

▪ What is the value of SAT?

 Note: Substitute 5 for a
Substitute: replace letter
by number.

▪ Fill in all cells in the table then circle the biggest and the smallest number.
▪ Work out the value of these expressions.

▪ a + b when a = 2 and b = 4

▪ 2w − 3v when w = 12 and v = 5
1- When n = 4 and p = 2, then:

n–p =

2- If a = 3 and b = 5, then:

2a + b =
▪ Tarek is using Newton's second law, F = ma
His list of values is:
▪ m = 60
a=2
▪ Use these values to calculate F.
 2𝑝
1- If p = 6 what is the value of ?
3

𝑚
2- If m = 6, find the value of .
2

𝑚+8
3- If m = 6, then: =
2
▪ Q1 p.39 , Q2 P.40
▪ B- Write a formula for the number of days in any number of weeks, in:
▪ Words
There are seven days in a
week, so multiply the
▪ Letters number of weeks by 7.

▪ C- Use the formula in part b to work out the number of days in eight weeks.
▪ Tanesha’s pay for working t hours is calculated using this formula.
$P = 10t + 50
▪ Calculate how much Tanesha will be paid if she works 15 hours.
▪ Raul writes a formula for the number of hours in any number of days. He writes:
number of hours = 24 × number of days.
▪ a. Explain why this formula is correct

▪ b. Write the formula using letters. Use h for hours and d for days.

▪ c. Use your formula to work out the number of hours in five days
▪ a- Write a formula for the number of minutes in any number of hours, in:
▪ i. words
▪ ii. letters
▪ b. Use your formula in part a ii to work out the number of minutes in five hours
▪ Q5,6, 7 AND 8
▪ Q 11 & Q 12
▪ collect like terms.
▪ What is three apples add four apples?
▪ 3a+ 4a
▪ What is 2 mangos add seven mangos?

▪ What is 6 bananas add 7 bananas?

▪ What is 100 cheery add 70 cheery?

▪ What is seven chickens subtract four chicken?

▪ What is 10 sweets subtracts two sweets?

▪ What is 18 trucks subtracts 7 trucks?

 a=1a
r=1r

▪ Simplify each of these expressions.

▪ 5a – a = _____

▪ 4f + 2f = _____

▪ 7g + 6g = _____

▪ 8d – d= _____

▪ 9r + r = _____
▪ What is four apples add three apples add two bananas add one banana.

▪ What is four apples subtract three apples add two bananas subtract one banana.
 Simplify these
▪ 4a – 2a + 5b – 3b = expressions by
collecting like
terms
▪ 10a + 3a + 7b + 2b =

▪ 17 b - 3b + 2a – a =

▪ 20 X + 2X + 4 Y – 2 Y =
▪ 9d + 3t + d + 4t=
Simplify these
expressions by
collecting like
▪ 5r + 2s + 3r – s = terms

▪ X+ X + X + X =

▪ 3a + 4b + 5c – 2b – 8c =
 Simplify these
expressions by
▪ 4a+ 6b +5c - 2b - 8c= collecting like
terms

▪ 10 𝑏 2 − 7𝑏 2 =

▪ 12 𝑑 3 + 3 𝑑 3 + 4 𝑑 3 =

▪ 12 + 6h + 8k – 6 – 3h – 3k=
▪ Q1:
▪ In an algebraic pyramid, you find the expression in each block by adding the
expressions in the two blocks below it.
▪ Complete this pyramid.
▪ In an algebraic pyramid, you find the expression in each block by adding the
expressions in the two blocks below it.
▪ Complete this pyramid.
▪ Q1 to Q6 P. 45
a. 4xy + 3yx

b. 8pq + 2ed − 3qp + 2de

▪ Write each expression in its simplest form.
▪ a. 2ab + 3ab + 5pq + 7qp =

▪ b. 3st + 5st + 9pu + 7up =

▪ c. 4vb + 2bv + 6ad − 4da =

▪ d. 11rt + 9gh − 2rt − 7hg

▪ e. 8xy + 12xz + 3yx − 9zx=

▪ f. 6a + 7ac − 2a + ca =

▪ g. 4mn − 3nm + 7gh − 7hg

▪ Q9, 10 AND 11
▪ Expand brackets
▪ 2 (3 +4)
▪ 2 × (3+4)=
 Expand: multiply all parts of the
expression inside the bracket by
the terms outside of the brackets.
▪ expand the brackets.

▪ 4 (n + 3)

▪ 2( x- 5)

▪ 3 (2g + h – 7)
▪ 2 ( 1 – y)

▪ 6 ( d – 9)

▪ 8 ( t – 4)
▪ 3( 2x + 1)

▪ 7( 6c – 7h)

▪ 9(5 + 3h – 4i)
▪ Q1, 3, 4 ,5 p.48-49
▪ This is part of Bethan’s homework. Bethan has made a mistake in every answer. Explain
what Bethan has done wrong. Work out the correct answers.
▪ Question
▪ Multiply out the brackets.
a) 4(x + 4) b) 2(6x − 3)
c) 3(2 − 5x) d) 6(2 − x)
▪ Solution
a) 4(x + 4) = 4x + 8 b) 2(6x − 3) = 12x – 3
c) 3(2 − 5x) = 6 + 15x d) 6(2 − x) = 12 − 6x = 6x
▪ Arun says, "When I expand the brackets in all of these
expressions, the answers are all the same."
▪ Is Arun correct? Or there is an odd one out. Explain your answer Note: “Odd one out”
and show your working. means the
expression that is
different from all of
the other
▪ The width of the rectangle is 8 cm.
▪ The length of the rectangle is 3y + 4 cm.
▪ Write an expression, in its simplest form, for the:
a) Area of the rectangle
b) Perimeter of the rectangle
In the triangle ABC, the angle at A is (4k − 7m) °.

The angle at B is two times the size of the angle at A.

Write an expression, in its simplest form, for the size of the angle at B.
▪ This is how Rachel expands and simplifies the expression 5(2x + 4) − 12.

5(2x + 4) – 12 = 5 × 2x + 5 × 4 – 12
= 10x + 20 – 12
= 10x + 8
Expand and simplify:
▪ a) 4(x + 7) − 1
▪ b) 7(x + 3) + 5x
▪ c) 12 + 3(2x − 3)
▪ Write and use equations.
▪ To solve an equation you need to find the value of the unknown letter.
▪ Consider the equation.

X+ 5 =12
Subtract 5 from both sides of the equation: X+5 – 5 = 12- 5
You have found the solution to the equation: X= 7
▪ Solve these equations and check your answers.
a) x − 3 = 12
Answer
x − 3 + 3 = 12 + 3
x = 15
Check: 15 − 3 = 12 ✓

b) 2y + 4 = 16
▪ Solve the equation: 12 = y + 3
Write this as: y + 3 = 12
Solve as normal: y + 3 - 3 = 12 - 3
y=9
▪ Write an equation for each of the following:
▪ I think of a number and add 6. the answer is 20
▪ I think of a number and multiply it by 9. the answer is 72
▪Q1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7
The diagrams show the lengths of the equal sides of these isosceles triangles.
For each triangle:
a. Write an equation.
b. Solve your equation to find the value of P
▪ Write an equation for each of these situations.

▪ i. Paul has some DVDs. He sells three of the DVDs. He has 26 DVDs left.

▪ ii. Yaz has some books. She buys five more books. She now has 18 books.

▪ iii. On Monday, Nial goes for a bike ride. On Tuesday he rides twice as far as he did
on Monday. On Tuesday he rides 48 km.

▪ iv. Jana’s age is three more than twice the age of Jin. Jana is 35 years old
▪ Use letters to represent a range of numbers.
 Inequality: a relationship
between two expressions that
are not equal.

▪ In this unit so far, you have used a letter to represent an unknown number.
▪ You can also use a letter and an inequality to represent an open interval.
▪ The inequality symbols used to represent open intervals are:
▪ < meaning ‘is less than’
▪ > meaning ‘is greater than’.
▪X<8 x is less than 8
▪ X > -5 X is grater than -5
Example: The inequality x > 4 means that x can be any number greater than 4.
The inequality y < 7 means that y can be any number less than 7.
Each inequality represents an open interval. In the first interval, x cannot be equal to 4. In the second
interval, y cannot be equal to 7.
You can show an open inequality on a number line like this:
x>4
The arrow pointing to the right shows that x can be any number above 4 and continues
towards positive infinity.
y<7
The arrow pointing to the left shows that y can be any number below 7 and continues
towards negative infinity.
▪ Show the inequality x > 5 on a number line.
▪ What is the smallest integer that x could be?
▪ List the integer values that x could be
▪ Show the inequality y < 2 on a number line.
▪ What is the largest integer that y could be?
▪ List the integer values that y could be.
▪ Write down the inequality that each of these number lines shows.
▪ Q1,2,3,4 and 5 P.57-58