Unit 7.

FURTHER EDUCATION
Part I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three
in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. degree B. doctorate C. graduate D. kindergarten
2. A. bachelor B. chapter C. chemistry D. teacher
3. A. culture B. student C. institution D. university
4. A. appreciate B. psychology C. programme D. respectively
5. A. academic B. apply C. apology D. achieve
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
6. A. biology B. geography C. education D. relationship
7. A. broaden B. provide C. pursue D. succeed
8. A. college B. degree C. language D. subject
9. A. analytical B. opportunity C. qualification D. university
10. A. bachelor B. diploma C. internship D. scholarship
Part II. VOCABULARY
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
11. It is not easy at all to get a good job without any ____ qualifications.
A. academic B. social C. great D. favourite
12. At the ____ level, you can join three-year or four-year colleges.
A. primary B. secondary C. postgraduate D. undergraduate
13. Hugh is quite worried because he hasn't ____ for the end-of-term test.
A. examined B. researched C. studied D. read
14. Any pupil caught ____ was made to stand at the front of the class.
A. misbehave B. misbehaved C. misbehaviour D. misbehaving
15. They ____ sacrifices so that their only child could have a good education.
A. made B. did C. provided D. lent
16. A university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants ____ degrees at all levels in a
variety of subjects.
A. secondary B. optional C. academic D. vocational
17. You have to be highly ____ to do well in these subjects.
A. competitive B. competitor C. competition D. competed
18. I can't cope well ____ all the homework I've got to do!
A. on B. of C. about D. with
19. ____ education normally provides undergraduate and postgraduate education, as well as vocational education
and training.
A. Intermediate B. Primary C. Secondary D. Tertiary
20. You'll find plenty of books on the ____ of business studies in the library.
A. lesson B. subject C. curriculum D. schedule
21. I wonder if you could tell me who was awarded the ____.
A. scholar B. scholastic C. scholarship D. scholarly
22. My dad said that I'd better spend more time on my ____.
A. student B. studied C. studious D. studies
23. He has got a degree ____ Information Technology from Oxford University.
A. in B. for C. on D. of
24. I don't really ____ the point of taking the exam when you are not ready for it.
A. annoy B. have C. see D. take
25. If you're not sure what “something” means, look it ____ in the dictionary.
A. for B. out C. at D. up
26. Mrs Dawson said that we are ____ our lesson in the library next Monday.
A. going B. having C. making D. reading
27. My dad wants me to go to university, but I'm in ____ minds about it.
A. different B. my C. some D. two
28. Yesterday, we had a discussion ____ different cultures.
A. about B. around C. for D. from
29. I still have a lot ____ about the English language.
A. for learning B. of learning C. learning D. to learn
30. Belinda missed a few months of school because of illness and found it difficult to keep ____ with her
classmates.
A. on B. off C. down D. up
31. If you need to ____ the teacher's attention, just put up your hand.
A. attract B. pay C. take D. pull
32. I did six hours of ____ for the test, but I still failed.
 A. education B. survey C. revision D. training
33. Please, don't forget ____ your essays during Friday's lesson.
A. hand in B. handing in C. to hand in D. to handing in
34. Australians and New Zealanders often have a/an ____ year before going to college or after finishing high
school to travel overseas independently.
A. gap B. new C. busy D. graduation
35. It's my ____ ceremony next week; I think my parents are looking forward to it more than I am.
A. graduation B. graduate C. graduating D. graduates
36. Going to university is expensive because in addition to the tuition ____, there are expenses for accommodation,
books, living costs, etc.
A. grants B. fees C. fares D. scholarships
37. When I got to 16, some of my friends left school to get a job, but most ____.
A. dropped out B. moved back C. got in D. stayed on
38. The more ____ you have, the more chance you have of finding a better job.
A. courses B. contributions C. qualifications D. qualities
39. Next year, I have to decide which area of medicine I want to ____ in.
A. come B. focus C. hand D. specialise
40. I got a diploma in business administration, but still sometimes wish I had been able to go to university and get a
____.
A. certificate B. diploma C. degree D. scholarshi
Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfect continuous tense.
1/ I (try) __________ to learn French for years, but I (not succeed) __________ yet.
2/ She (read) _________ all the works of Dickens.How many (you read) _________ ?
3/ I (wait) _____ here nearly half an hour for my girlfriend; do you think she (forget) ______ to come ?
4/ Mary (rest) __________ in the garden all day because she (be) __________ ill.
5/ Although John (study) __________ at the University for 5 years, he (not get) __________ his degree yet.
6/ Jack (go) __________ to Switzerland for a holiday. He (never, be) __________ there.
7/ We (live) __________ here for the last six months, and (just, decide) __________ to move.
8/ That book ( lie) __________ on the table for weeks. You (not read) _________ it yet ?
9/ He (not be) ___________ here since Christmas; I wonder where he (live) __________ since then.
10/ He (lose) _______ his books. He (look) ______ for them all afternoon, but they (not turn up) ______ yet.
11/ She (work) ___________ so hard this week that she (not have) ___________ time to go to the cinema.
12/ Your hair is wet. (You swim) __________ for a long time ?
13/ Bill is still a bad driver although he (drive)__________ cars for six years.
14/ You look very tired. (You work) __________very hard ?
15/ The phone (ring) __________ for 2 minutes, but I (not answer) __________ it yet.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Do you think education is better now than it was in your grandparents' time? Many older people in the UK
believe the opposite. "Schools were better in our day,” they complain.
"There isn't enough discipline these days. Kids don't work as hard as we did, either. The syllabus isn't as
challenging, so clever students aren't being stretched enough. They need to study things in greater depth. Exams are
much, much easier now as well."
Were schools better years ago? Some British teenagers travelled back in time to a 1950s boarding school. They
got a big surprise! The first shock came when the teenagers met their new teachers. Dressed in traditional black
gowns, they look so frosty and uncaring! They were really authoritarian, too, so anyone caught breaking the rules
- talking in classes, mucking about in the playground or playing truant - was in big trouble! Punishments included
writing 'lines' or staying after class to do detention. The naughtiest kids were expelled.
Things were just as bad after class. At meal times the students had to endure a diet of plain, no-nonsense, healthy
food. Homework was obligatory and it took ages! Copying essays off the Internet wasn't an option, as personal
computers didn't exist in the 1950s!
At the end of 'term' everyone sat 1950s-style exams. The old exams were much longer than their twenty-first
century equivalents and involved learning huge amounts of facts by heart. History papers were all dates and battles.
Maths papers were trickier, too; calculators weren't around in the 1950s, so the students had to memorise
multiplication tables and master long division. Our candidates found this really difficult.
The exam results surprised a lot of people. Students predicted to do well in their real-life, twenty-first century
exams often got low grades in the 1950s exams. Does this prove modern exams are too easy? Do twenty-first
century kids rely too much on modern technology, like calculators and computers?
The TV series of That'll teach 'em! focused on a 1960s vocational school. UK school-kids study a range of
academic subjects these days. But in the 1960s, children judged to be less 'able' went to vocational schools. These
helped them learn job skills. Boys studied subjects like metalwork, woodwork or gardening. In some classes, they
even learned how to milk goats! The girls' timetables included secretarial skills. They also learned to cook, clean
and sew - probably not much fun for most girls.
111. What criticism is sometimes made about modern education in the first paragraph?
A. Teachers are strict enough. B . The syllabus is out of date.
C. There's too much stress on exams. D. The teaching methods are not good enough.
112. The word "authoritarian” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to.......
A. inexperienced B. impolite C. unreasonable D. strict
113. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the food the students ate at school?
A. It wasn't cooked properly. B. It wasn't delicious.
C. It wasn't nutritious. D. There wasn't much of it.
114. The word "obligatory" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to.......
A. compulsory B. difficult C. long D. complicated
115. According to the passage, how did exams in the 1950s differ from those in the twenty-first century?
A They covered more subjects. B. It took students less time to do them.
C. There was more to remember. D. They were less difficult.
116. What was surprising about the students' results after taking the 1950s-style exams?
A. All the students found the exams difficult.
B. Students didn't do as well as expected.
C. Students who were predicted to fail did rather well.
D. Students did better than twenty-first century exams.
117. The word "these” in the last paragraph refers to.......
A. school-kids B. subjects C. series D. vocational schools
118. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Vocational schools provided poorer children with equipment.
B. Vocational schools took children who were good at studying.
C. Vocational schools prepared students for employment.
D. Vocational schools were a complete waste of time.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits
each of the numbered blanks.
GAP YEAR
In the professional or career world, a gap year is a year before going to college or university and after
finishing high school or (1) ____ a year off before going into graduate school after completing a bachelor
as an undergraduate. (2) ____ this time, students may engage in advanced academic courses, extra-
academic courses and non-academic courses, such as yearlong pre-college math courses, language studies,
learning a trade, art studies, volunteer work, travel, internships, sports and more. Gap years are sometimes
considered a way for students to become independent and learn a great deal of (3) ____ prior to engaging
in university life.
Australians and New Zealanders have a tradition of travelling overseas independently (4) ____ a young
age. In New Zealand, this is known as “doing an OE” (Overseas Experience). Sometimes, an OE is (5)
____ to one year, but often Australians and New Zealanders will remain overseas for three to five years,
with many working short-term in service industry jobs to fund their continuing travels. Europe and Asia are
popular destinations for doing an OE. In Australia, through exchange programmes and benefits for youth,
there are so many opportunities for a young person to broaden their (6) ____ through travel in a gap year.
1. A. calling B. going C. taking D. turning
2. A. During B. When C. While D. By
3. A. responsible B. responsibility C. irresponsible D. irresponsibility
4. A. at B. on C. in D. for
5. A. distributed B. used C. spent D. limited
6. A. head B. mind C. brain D. memory
Exercise 12. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
EXAM OR CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT?
How do you feel when you sit an exam? Do you always succeed in getting all your ideas down on paper, or
do you sometimes feel that you're (1) ____ a mess of it? (2) ____ from those lucky few who sail through
exams, most secondary school pupils find them very stressful. Many teachers are (3) ____ of the problems
their students face and use a different method for measuring their progress: continuous. With continuous
assessment, students are given (4) ____ tasks to do throughout the year. All their marks are added together
to produce a total mark (5) ____ the end of the year. Students have to (6) ____ more responsibility for their
education because they can't rely on doing well on just one day. Also, they have more time to think over
their work, meaning that they are able to do their best.
1. A. doing B. having C. making D. taking
2. A. Apart B. According C. Except D. But
3. A. aware B. intelligent C. recognisable D. knowledgeable
4. A. variety B. various C. vary D. variably
5. A. at B. on C. in D. from
6. A. do B. get C. make D.take
Wild animals play an important part in the balance of nature, and (1) ….. us with many important products. Birds
and other small animals help control (2) ……. Wild animals provide fur, food, and recreation. They (3) …… make
our surrounding more interesting.
Uncontrolled hunting (4) …… destroyed much wildlife. People have also harmed animals by destroying
their habitats. Many animals, such as the passenger pigeon, have disappeared completely. Others, including the
whopping crane, the blue whale, and the American alligator, are in danger of dying (5) …….
1. A- supply B- provide C- help D- give
2. A- insects B- snakes C- butterflies D- worms
3. A- too B- either C- as well D- even
4. A- was B- had C- has D- have
WRITING: rewrite these sentences using present perfect orpresent perfect continuous tense
1. Nam is still studying English. He started studying it two years ago. ( for)
 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. He attended two online vocational courses : one in 2012 and the other in 2013 ( twice)
 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. The university started building a new campus in May. They are still building it. ( since)
 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Mary is staying at a homestay during her undergraduate programme. The Programme began three weeks. ( FOR)
 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Because the farmers had been told about the dangers of chemical fertilisers, they turned to bio-fertilisers.
( PERFECT GERUND)
 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. After I finished all my homework, I watched my favourite film on TV. ( PERFECT GERUND)
 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
7.The factory has dumped a huge amount of rubbish into the river. It was fined for that. ( PERFECT GERUND)
 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. He didn’t keep his promise. He apologised for that. ( PERFECT GERUND)
 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. It started raining at three o’clock.
 It has..................................................................................................................................................
10. The last time I talked to John was last Christmas.
 They haven’t.......................................................................
11. It started raining at three o’clock.
 It has..................................................................................................................................................
13. The last time I talked to John was last Christmas.
 They haven’t......................................................................................................................................

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following
questions.
1 It's only her second time in an international conference about further education.
A. It was the second time she had been in an international conference about further education.
B. She has only been in an international conference about further education once before.
C. She has never been to any international conference about further education before.
D. She has already got used to being in an international conference about further education.
2. I started writing this essay hours ago and it's still not right.
A. I have been writing this essay for hours and it's still not right.
B. It's hours ago since I last wrote this essay correctly.
C. The last time I started writing this essay was hours ago, which is still not right.
D. I didn't stop to write this essay hours ago and it's still not right.
3. “You'd better work harder if you don't want to retake the exam!” the teacher said to Jimmy.
A. The teacher advised Jimmy to work harder if he didn't want to retake the exam.
B. The teacher ordered Jimmy to work harder if he didn't want to retake the exam.
C. The teacher reminded Jimmy to work harder if he didn't want to retake the exam.
D. The teacher warned Jimmy to work harder if he didn't want to retake the exam.
4. Lisa has never studied abroad before.
A. It's the first time Lisa has ever studied abroad.
B. It's the last time since Lisa studied abroad.
C. It was the first time Lisa had ever studied abroad.
D. Never before Lisa has studied abroad.
5. The last time my friend wrote a letter to me was in February.
A. I haven't never received a letter from my friend since February.
B. I last received a letter from my friend in February.
C. It was in February since I first received a letter from my friend.
D. My friend last wrote a letter to me when in February.