Solution of Simultaneous Equation

1. Use Gauss Jordan method to solve the following equation.

2𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 − 4𝑥3 = 1
5𝑥1 + 9𝑥2 + 3𝑥3 = 17
−8𝑥1 − 2𝑥2 + 𝑥3 = −9
2. Solve the following equation using Gauss Jordan method.
𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 = 90
2𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 + 6𝑥3 = 370
3𝑥1 − 8𝑥2 − 4𝑥3 = −340
3. Solve the following system of equation by Gauss Seidel method perform two iterations only.
28𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 𝑧 = 32
2𝑥 + 17𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 35
𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 10𝑧 = 24
4. Solve the following system using Gauss Seidel method perform three iterations only.
2x − y + z = 5
x + 3y − 2z = 7
x + 2y + 3z = 10
5. Solve the following system using Gauss Seidel method perform two iterations only.
10𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 12
2𝑥 + 10𝑦 + 𝑧 = 13
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 7
6. Solve the following system of equation by Gauss-Jordan method.
8𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 4
2𝑥 − 5𝑦 − 6𝑧 = 8
7𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 15
7. Solve the following system of equation by Gauss-Jordan method.
2𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 6𝑧 = −8
𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 10
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 2𝑥 = −12
8. Solve the following system of equation by Gauss-Jordan method.
𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 8
2𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 9𝑧 = 8
4𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 2
 Numerical Integration

1 1 1𝑟𝑑 1
1. Evaluate ∫0 1+𝑥2
𝑑𝑥 using Simpsons rule taking h= 4
3
1 1 3𝑡ℎ 1
2. Evaluate ∫0 1+𝑥2
𝑑𝑥 using Simpsons rule, taking h= 4.
8

2 3𝑡ℎ
3. Evaluate ∫0.6 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 , using Simpsons rule
8
1 1 3𝑡ℎ
4. Evaluate ∫0 𝑑𝑥 by dividing the interval of integration into 8 parts using Simpsons
1+𝑥 8
rule
6 𝑒𝑥 3𝑡ℎ
5. Evaluate ∫0 𝑑𝑥 approximately using Simpsons rule take n=6.
1+𝑥 8
𝜋 sin2 x 3𝑡ℎ
6. Evaluate ∫0 𝑑𝑥 using Simpsons rule take n=6.
5+4 cos 𝑥 8
𝜋 ⁄2
7. Evaluate ∫0 √sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 take n=6.
3𝑡ℎ 6 1
8. Using Simpsons rule, evaluate ∫0 𝑑𝑥 take n=6.
8 1+𝑥 4

Linear Programming Problems

1. Solve the following LPP graphically, Minimize Z = x + y.
Subject to x + 2y ≤ 40, 3x + y ≥ 30, 4x + 3y ≥ 60, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
2. Solve the following LPP graphically, Minimize Z = 10x + 7y.
Subject to x + y ≥ 8, 3x + 8y ≤ 48, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
3. Solve the following LPP graphically, Minimize Z = y – 2x.
Subject to x + y ≤ 6, x ≥ 3, y ≥ 2, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
4. Solve the following LPP graphically, Maximize Z = 10x + 7y.
Subject to x + y ≤ 8, 3x + 8y ≥ 48, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
5. Solve the following LPP graphically, Maximize Z = 5x + 7y.
Subject to 12x + 12y ≤ 840,3x + 6y ≤ 300, 8x + 4y ≤ 400, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
6. Solve the following LPP graphically, Maximize Z = 10x + 5y.
Subject to x + y ≤ 5, 2x + y ≤ 6, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
7. In a cattle breading firm, it is prescribed that the food ration for one animal must
contain 14, 22, 1 units of nutrients A, B and C respectively. Two different kinds of
fodder are available. Each unit of these two contains the following amounts of these
three nutrients:
Fodder 1 Fodder 2
Nutrients A 2 1
Nutrients B 2 3
Nutrients C 1 1
The cost of fodder 1 is rs.3 and that of fodder 2 is rs.2. Formulate the LPP to
minimize the cost.
8. A company manufactures two types of chemical A and B. Each chemical requires two
types of raw material P and Q. The table below shows number of units of P and Q
required to manufacture one unit of A and B and the total availability of P and Q:
Chemical A Chemical B Availability
Raw Material P 3 2 120
Raw Material Q 2 5 160
 The company gets profit of rs.350 and rs.400 by selling one unit of A and one unit of
B respectively. How many units of Chemicals A and B should be manufactured so
that the company get maximum profit? Formulate the LPP to maximize the profit.

Curve Fitting & Method of Least Squares

1. Fit a straight line for the following data by least square method:

X 2 3 5 7 9 10
Y 1 3 7 11 15 17

2. Fit a straight line for the following data by least square method:

X 1 3 4 6 8 9 11 14
Y 2 4 5 6 7 10 9 12

3. Fit a straight line for the following data by least square method:

X 1.73 1.79 1.85 1.94 2.07 2.28

Y 1.78 1.69 1.54 1.45 1.28 1

4. Fit a straight line for the following data by least square method:

X 1 2 3 4 5
Y 14 27 40 55 68

5. Fit a straight line for the following data by least square method:

6. Fit a parabola for the following data by least square method:

X 1 2 3 4
Y 6 11 18 27

7. Fit a parabola for the following data by least square method:

X -2.5 -2 -1.5 -0.5 0 0.5 1.5

Y 14.32 14.83 15.27 15.47 16.26 16.79 17.23

Approximate and round of error

1. Explain the terms: Significant figures, accuracy and precision.
2. Explain the terms: Absolute errors, Relative errors, Percentage error
3. Explain the terms: Round-off errors. Chopping, Symmetric roundoff
4. What is total numerical error? Discuss stability and condition of a mathematical
problems.
5. Calculate the Truncation Error in the exponential series given as
 𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥4 𝑥𝑛
𝑒𝑥 = 1 + 𝑥 + + + + ⋯ 𝑛! . for the 6 terms as x=2.5. Find all three errors
2! 3! 4!
(truncation, relative and percentage).
6. Calculate the Truncation, relative & percentage error in exponential series given as
𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥4 𝑥𝑛
𝑒 −𝑥 = 1 − 𝑥 + - + − ⋯ 𝑛! .For the 5 terms as x=-6.
2! 3! 4!
7. Find the truncation error in the function
𝑥2 𝑥4 𝑥6 𝑥𝑛 𝜋
cos x=1 − + − … 𝑛! for the 6 terms as x= 4 .
2! 4! 6!
8. Additions
i. 0.4546E5 + 0.5433E5
ii. 0.4546E5 + 0.5433E7
iii. 0.4546E3 + 0.5433E7
iv. 0.5678E4 + 0.6666E4
v. 0.6789E2 + 0.2233E-1
vi. 0.9998E1 + 0.10000E-99
vii. 0.1000E5 + 0.9999E3
9. Subtraction
i. 0.5452E-3 – 0.0932E-4
ii. 0.5452E-9 – 0.0932E-6
iii. 0.3366E-2 – 0.2244E-1
10. Multiply
i. 5543E12 × 0.411E-15
ii. 0.1111E51 × 0.4444E-54
iii. 1234E-49 × 0.1111E-54
11. Divide
i. 0.9998E10 ÷ 0.1000E-99
ii. 9.9998E-5 ÷ 0.1000E-98

Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations

1. Using Bisection Method find an approximate root of X3 + 2X – 1 = 0.

2. Using Bisection Method find an approximate root of X3 - X2 + X – 7 = 0.
3. Using Bisection Method find an approximate root of √10.
4. Using Regula Falsi Method find an approximate root of X3 + 2X2 – 8 = 0.
5. Using Regula Falsi Method find an approximate root of X3 - X – 1 = 0.
6. Using Regula Falsi Method find an approximate root of X3 - 3X + 4 = 0.
7. Using Newton Raphson Method find an approximate root of X3 + 2X2 – 8 = 0.
8. Using Newton Raphson Method find an approximate root of X3 – 3X – 5 = 0.
9. Using Newton Raphson Method find an approximate root of X3 – 4X – 9 = 0.
10. Using Secant Method find an approximate root of X3 + 2X2 – 8 = 0.
11. Using Secant Method find an approximate root of X3 - X2 + X – 7 = 0.
12. Using Secant Method find an approximate root of X3 + 2X – 1 = 0.

Interpolation
1. Using Newton’s Forward Difference Interpolation formula find f(4.4) from the given data
 X 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
f(X) 12 7 6 7 13 32 77

2. Using Newton’s Forward Difference Interpolation formula find f(1895) from the given data
Year 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931
Population (in
46 66 81 93 103
thousands)

3. Using Newton’s Forward Difference Interpolation formula find f(45) from the given data
X 40 50 60 70 80
f(X) 31 73 124 159 190

4. Using Newton’s Backward Difference Interpolation formula find f(18) from the given data
X 0 5 10 15 20 25
f(X) 7 11 14 18 24 32

5. Using Newton’s Backward Difference Interpolation formula find f(1955) from the given data

Year 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961

Population (in
46 66 81 93 101
thousands)

6. Using Newton’s Backward Difference Interpolation formula find f(1.7) from the given data

X -2 -1 0 1 2
f(X) 4 26 58 112 466

7. Using Newton’s Backward Difference Interpolation formula find f(4.4) from the given data
X 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
f(X) 12 7 6 7 13 32 77

8. Using Newton’s Backward Difference Interpolation formula find f(1895) from the given data
Year 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931
Population (in
46 66 81 93 103
thousands)

9. Using Newton’s Backward Difference Interpolation formula find f(45) from the given data
X 40 50 60 70 80
f(X) 31 73 124 159 190

10. Using Newton’s Forward Difference Interpolation formula find f(18) from the given data
X 0 5 10 15 20 25
f(X) 7 11 14 18 24 32

11. Using Newton’s Forward Difference Interpolation formula find f(1955) from the given data

Year 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961

 Population (in
46 66 81 93 101
thousands)

12. Using Newton’s Forward Difference Interpolation formula find f(1.7) from the given data

X -2 -1 0 1 2
f(X) 4 26 58 112 466

RUNGE KUTTA 2nd & 4th ORDER METHOD

𝑑𝑦
1. Use second order RK method to approximate y when x = 0.1 given that 𝑑𝑥 = x + y, y(0) = 1.
𝑑𝑦
2. Use second order RK method to approximate y when x = 0.2 given that 𝑑𝑥 = x2 + xy, y(0) = 1, take
h = 0.2.
𝑑𝑦
3. Use second order RK method to approximate y when x = 0.4 given that 𝑑𝑥 = x2 + xy,
y(0.2) = 1.011, take h = 0.2.
𝑑𝑦
4. Use second order RK method to approximate y when x = 1.2 given that 𝑑𝑥 = 3x + y2, y(1) = 1, take
h = 0.1.
𝑑𝑦
5. Use second order RK method to approximate y when x = 1.2 given that 𝑑𝑥 = x2 + y2, y(1) = 0, take
h = 0.1.
𝑑𝑦
6. Use second order RK method to approximate y when x = 0.2 given that = x - y2, y(0) = 1, take h = 0.1.
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
7. Use fourth order RK method to approximate y when x = 0.2 given that 𝑑𝑥 = x + y, y(0) = 1.
𝑑𝑦
8. Use fourth order RK method to approximate y when x = 1.1 given that 𝑑𝑥 = 3x + y, y(1) = 1.2.
𝑑𝑦
9. Use fourth order RK method to approximate y when x = 0.1 given that 𝑑𝑥 = x + y2, y(0) = 1.
𝑑𝑦
10. Use fourth order RK method to approximate y when x = 0.2 given that = x + y2, y(0) = 1.
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
11. Use fourth order RK method to approximate y when x = 2.2 given that 𝑑𝑥 = x + y, y(2) = 1, take h
= 0.1.
𝑑𝑦 1
12. Use fourth order RK method to approximate y when x = 0.2 given that 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥+𝑦, y(0) = 0, take h =
0.2.