LET'S RECALL AND

Parts of a circle
ANALYZE!
E
• Chords Semicircle

• Arc
Central Angle
• Central Angle
F
•
•
Sector
Inscribed angle D .
A
B

• Diameter
• Radius/radii
C
• Circumference Sector

• semicircle Center Arc

 I am a segment joining any two points on the circle. What am I? CHORDS

 I am half the measure of the diameter. What am I? RADIUS/RADII

 I am an angle whose vertex is the center of the circle and with two radii as its sides. CENTRAL ANGLE
What am I?
 I am twice the measure of the radius and it is the longest Chord. What am I? DIAMETER

 I am an arc measuring one-half the circumference of a Circle. What am I? SEMICIRCLE

 I am an angle whose vertex is on a circle and whose sides contain the chords of INSCRIBED ANGLE
the circle. What am I?

 I am a region contained by two radii and an arc. What am I? SECTOR

 I am the distance around the boundary of a circle. What am I? CIRCUMFERENCE

 I am part of a circle connecting two points of the circle. ARC

What am I?
 Theorems on Chords,
Arcs, Central Angle,
and Inscribed Angle
Grade 10
Prepared by: Mark James A.
Valdoz

INSPIRED BY
 Arc Measure & Arc Length
• Arc measure
 It is the measure of an arc in degrees.
 it is in the center of a circle.
 It is dependent on the central angle.
• Arc Length
 It is also the measure of the arc but in actual length.
 It is also dependent on a central angle.
 It measures an arc in Units of length such as centimeters, inches, or meters.
Arc Measure Arc Length

75 cm

75°
 ARC ADDITION THEOREM
It is a measure of an arc formed by two adjacent arcs is the sum
of the measures of the two arcs.
Example: ⨀Q

. . K
m KH = m KZ + m ZH

Let’s say the measure of arc KZ is 40, and the

measure of arc ZH is 130. using the Arc
Z
. Q Addition Theorem, What could be the Measure
of arc KH?
. H
m KH= ?

m KZ = 40

m ZH =130
 CENTRAL ANGLE THEOREM
 it is a measure of the central angle equal to the
measure of its intercepted arc.
EXAMPLE:
Let’s try this!
ANGLES ARCS FORMS

.C 86°
∠ BOA = 86° AB = ?

∠ BOC = ? BC = ?

x
 INSCRIBED ANGLE THEOREM
 it is the half measure of the central angle that subtends
in the same arc.

That is, m ∠ABC = ½ m ∠AOC

EXAMPLE:

m AC = 130 65 °

What is the measure

of ∠ ABC?

130
 SEMICIRCLE THEOREM (180°)
 it is an inscribed angle that intercepts on the diameter of a
semicircle.
Its measure is always 90°
The angle in a Semicircle is always a right angle.
E
• This theorem tells us that <FED = 90 °

D .
C
F • Now to get the angles of a triangle add
<FED, add the given arc measure, and
minus it to 180 °
 SO THERE WE GO!
NO MATTER WHERE THAT ANGLE IS
ON THE CIRCUMFERENCE,
IT IS ALWAYS 90°
 LET’S HAVE AN EXAMPLE
Find y:
∠STE = 90˚ ( angle in a semicircle = 90˚)
T

53˚ + 90˚ + x = 180˚ ( sum of angles in a triangle )

E
37 °
y=?
.C 53°
S
x = 180˚ - 143˚

x = 37˚
 BISECTED CHORD THEOREM
If the diameter of a circle is perpendicular to a chord, then the diameter bisects
the chord and its arc.
F
If FM is a diameter and FM ⊥ JD,
then;

JP ≅ DP

J
. . D JM ≅ DM
P

M
LET’S HAVE AN EXAMPLE
D 13
A
B
. .
11
x = ?11

What is the value of x? Find:

x = 11 AB = ?

DB = ?
INTERSECTING CHORD THEOREM
 If two chords intersect, then the product of the segments of one
chord is equal to the product of the other chord.

D
C

S . Equation:

m AS (m CS) = m DS (m BS)
A
B
 LET’S HAVE AN EXAMPLE
E
A

C C
.O G .
D A
B
B
AO = 12cm, OB = 5cm, and DO = 6cm
AG = 11cm, GC = 4cm, and EG = 2cm
OC =?
GB =?
CHORD ANGLE THEOREM
 If two chords intersect in the interior of a circle, then the
measure of an angle formed is half the sum of the measure of the
arcs intercepted by the angle and its vertical angle.

a° Equation:
c°
𝐚+𝐛
b° c=
𝟐
LET’S HAVE AN EXAMPLE
Find the value of x and y.
19°
129°
y x
y
x
71°
.
X = 71 + 129 / 2 y = 180 – 100 107°
200/2 = 100 y = 80
x = 100
ACTIVITY TIME!

What is the value of x?

 E

? 89°
J F
Secants, Tangents, &
Angle Measures
Theorems
Secant

• It is a line on a circle
that intersects into
two points.

• It contains a chord
of the circle.
Tangent

• It is a circle is a straight line that

touches the circumference of the
circle at only one point.
 Secant tangent Theorem

.
A • If a secant and a tangent
intersect at the point of
tangency, then the measure of
an angle formed is one-half the
measure of its intercepted arc.
.
B
m <B = ½ m AB
 B
290
.
C
?

a=? .
. 249
 Two Secant Theorem 1.1

• If 2 secants intersect in the interior

of a circle, then the measure of an
a° angle formed is ½ the sum of the
c° b° measures of the arcs intercepted by
the angle and its vertical angle.

𝒂° + 𝒃°
= 𝒄°
𝟐
 123

138 ?

? 87 49
 Two Secant Theorem 1.2

• If 2 secants, a secant and a

tangent, or 2 tangents intersect
a°
in the exterior of a circle, then
b° c° the measure of the angle formed
is ½ the positive difference of
the measures of the intercepted
arc.
𝒂° − 𝒃°
= 𝒄°
𝟐
 Two Tangent Theorem

• The measure of an angle

a formed by two tangents drawn
from a point outside the circle is
½ the difference of the
b c° intercepted arc.

𝒂° − 𝒃°
= 𝒄°
𝟐
 240

166

46
?

46
?
Tangent – Secant Segment Theorem
• If a tangent and a secant segment are
a drawn from the same exterior point,
then the square of the length of a
tangent segment is equal to the
c product of the length of the other
secant segment and its external
segment.

b a² = b * c
?
9