Muhammad Ali 03101190027 ACCORDING TO SINGLE NATIONAL CURRICULUM 2020 PRIMARY STUDENT RESOURCE BOOK “COMP USiS im. ry eupS168 General Seience - 4 CONTENTS Chapier Particulars Page No No 1 Characteristics and Life Process of Organism 169 | 2 Ecosystem Human Health 178 Matter and its Characteristics Forms of Energy and Energy Transfer Force and Motion q Earth and it’s Resources 191 8 Earth’s Weather and Climat 195 9 Earth in the Solar System : 198 J 10 — in Every Day Life ‘| 202focus Student Resource Bonk Chapter 01 General Science-4 feristits and Life Process of Orgagia rganism * . FS einotoify ae) seine ag eee Manatee | rik(2) the comet answers, 7 OME) | (2) Living things can grow, uA LP ut elpiace Woes a Which one is common among butterfy, bina sod bal? Gi) Compare any three differences between plants and animals. Teeth () Hair . we Fadi tumteaay ) Bones (@) Wingsw The three differences between plants and animals. {i) Magy plants produce fruits: are as follow: To protect sects” fo cou Coe fp) Teprodiice faod for the seeds nae saint ‘ei wiraE und aay 9) Tostore water for the seed germination : (d) To stop secds from dispersal any at t (®) | Plants are usually | Animals are usually of {ii) Fish are vertebrate and swim in water, Which one af the following is true? (s) Have fur on the body }) Have feathers and a tail {) Have four legs (Have fins ond a tail” (iv) Which part of a plant is absent in non- flowering plants? () Root b) Seed {) Fruit” (a) Leaf () Which one of the following is a non- fowering plant? () Apple (b) Rose (Manga (@) ~ Pine” (i) Which statement is correct for all the vertebrates? fa) Have fur ) Have more than four legs (9) Have backbone” (Can fly in air 2. Write short answers. " () Write any four characteristics of living things, green incolour. | various colours. Hohl eat | te gat yet te uta wun Flents can make | Animals depends on theirown foad. | plants and other animals for their food. Unge rue Sadat mt SA nasipal Animals can move from ‘one place to another. fF bbe b Listy eS oF Sod they eh Plants cannot move from ane Place to another, = Ftey uf ol? £ ben | £f (iii) Differentiate between vertebrates and invertebrates, tele tuniphv,dithlotsnd itary Vertebratesyijufezs | Mvertebrates | sein fe) | They include | They include animals animals having | having no hackbone. backbone. Ln dL vd evel : Moa _aghoa ": c a pat ateatle Wt: at eR LE aes "Fhey inolade | They include small and ) Living things breathe. large ad fast | slow moving animals. sun reeuy moving animals. | 5 fof> sagt Living things have the ability to sense =e * =. CCSCtC~<‘ YT wtih bert deh fife i things are as Tee four characteristics of flows, wets pear Abell {9 Living things use food to remain aliGeneral Seip, ey 170 Focus Student Resource Book 2 (ej) Lungs: (2% The exchange of ‘Oxygen between blood a takes place inthe lungs erated es Lica Eoextul ay Ln Sol? ate J | te) 5 s Heart: (Us) Las? Shi Heat circulates blood all over the Lody ty, cud Cockroach os/¥ blood vessels. Fish df Honey we uf Sa? we tn AEC rebate aL veh, ‘, - . Constructed Response Questions: Frog—/iet sate E aia diagram show a tiger skull and a rats (iv) Name the types of teeth and write their functions, Saf BL ih Urb The name of different types of teeth and their functions are given below: tLe Luigi ure Name Function ct eel ov ) Biting and eufling food Zeit Piercing and tearing food Bigatti and Incisors ude Canines Chewing Skull of Rat A tiger has large canines. A rat has large inci Rat and Tiger eat different types af food. (a) What does a tiger do with its canines? @)_ What functions do bones and muscles form together? / fete Uri urn eed aan gat Sete oth agy | TMM inn trae, al | Bones and muscles performs togetier as, when | ay yyy et Sigg ie. yrutthel muscles contract, they pull various paris of our hat docs a rat do with its incisors? ‘bones. Due to this, bones moves al the joint eg. 4 sel | ; ; Ave um cevie” | elbow, wrist, knee ete. Rat use its incisors for biting ew pee LAE Ler ab phe ons “MB bie urel er ued er etatteal efi | 4. Investigate: hk) | : iat | O How are the invertebrates usefil © | (vi) Describe the functions of lungs and heart. paca wee | apfeotafurtE bain Sonat he ah cynic ! |focus Student Resource Book Febrates are useful for humans as: abet Luni d @ Decomposer and cleaners Ad Meaty ef gome invertebrates help 10 clear and clean up the gavitonmen! by eating away fungi and bacteria or gacaying dead matters. Hep Ase (lade te invel stole dL utd Sratdia ‘ums flowers into 5 food i in the form of fruits, nuts, berries and seeds for human. de tek wl tey fond ote Galop h Suet (e) Soil aerators: Lid telat ‘Seme invertebrates helps to creaic and maintain soil quality. we Aa thes de ue dt (4) Food: 8 Invertebrates serve as food for humans and are key’ elements in food chain that supports birds, fishes and many other animals. LAI jeE slee Lor Nl gh LSS Ul 2d UA Be Laie ud an ele ney (i) Write the importance of biodiversity, aealtrlee ‘The importance of biodiversity is discussed as follow: ne fest bicenidbe bye i provided high variety of food for human beings. he Hos (pal £ yin Lede Crops at) Live stock (Er) Forestry (ot) 171 ‘General Science-4 (b) Drag Production: it-gus Biodiversity help in the production of various kinds of drugs eet Sat orfetutit ts Caffeine (#3 Morphine (c) Industrial Benefits: (138°) Biodiversity plays an important role in the production of industrial Afi eiblSumd bFdee (2a) Building materials toied.n Resins (2) Dyes (6) (d) Relation with Ecosystem: PAE da Biodiversity is the essential part of ecosystem, each species has a specific role, if specie loss occurs makes the ecosystem less productive. Se A ethd pe 2 da Pe PLE Ob WT tec i Ueie bP Li (iii) What is the importance of a flower? feet SUt (a) They can feed insects, birds, animals and humans. tt Lisl dytge Ye {b). They provide natural medicines for humans and some animals, muted JAE Uitholidy {c) They provide beauty to environment. unset ele Point to Ponder: Tell few characteristics of a vehicle that are also found in living things. angled tumsbaybeb SC The few characteristics of a vehicle thal are also found ia living things are: er tdedi® tug tebe SIL Gi) Movement from one place to another. he? Strne Bi i) Utilizes energy.Focus Student Resource Book 172 General Science4 ‘Activity 12 at the back side of your neck, : ‘ards your hen take your hand downward fowar tak Bl pal feel any bone? This is called backbone or vertebral column. ATLL E Adee oi ead? are in your backbone? raids dt tuserdt “There are 33 verlebrac in backbone. DuLWLeseubets Activity 1.4 Draw the given figure in your scrapbook and write the differences and similarities between flowering and non-flowering plants in it. odik dé mdngardtaifiee Lae” hie gue Put your hand How many vertebral watt Sp a Sung edadd eb edad plans Non-flowering Plants Flowering Plants et Gh ays 5 epidd J Plants on] Can make its | The plams on which own food. which flowers Mlowers grow | aCe sia ey | do nal arow are ae led | SPO coed non. flowering wud | Mowering plants plants, Le congo? ww zi Lestat pn | Seeds forms in flowers Btw “ue Ag teupet add Zid tdifesy Have green | substances called chloraphylt. Pe bb ae Do you know? Sugeest ue. ciguadng | Hane Tonia, | Non-llowering plants rely | slems and | plants tely oy] | on leaves. dispersion 14] | pale aaltepet | moe, het reproduction. ale Blew ale fd eg at Bekiohy, we didi LS gi hus an | “ul 1, Which three parts are in pairs? supe be bute Cuetec] (i) Bars ot | | (ii) Eyes wT (ii) Kidneys aot 2. Do all the teeth have same shape? | te Bau? iP our util No, all the teeth have not same shape. Smut et IP Curt 3. What is the difference between molar and pre molar? teas edru galt Premolar j Premolar teeth have lwo cusps or points. Lise wn uFe/h) | anh Molar Molar tecih have four CUSps OF points. lene E aru by wud iss 4. What is the number af teeth in human? te Pausfurncu) | RE. There are twenty (20) pri i i) primary and thirty two (%) secondary/permancnt teeth, 7 LE noise P32 seyaz atdcnd Activity L.6: Complete the table, ated? Mame of the j Function J Bones titous Student Resource Book as’ WIS to provide a gull Protection the brain wo orb Tt protects thoracic oF helps in respiration, he OL te Sway ee mucture and cS pans and its UY ~e ate penes of hand They _ provi le suppor and wuasay Mexibility to the son tissues, ad) Baal ften, pores af leg They provide suppun to the uj UPPER body and also helps in - Movement from one place to another. Andie Lugil 2, Bre tise Line £ “a Additional MCQs {i) Plants are in colour, 4) Dhue (b) _ Red () Greeny” (d) Blue (i) Invertebrates are the animals having no ® Ams (6) Legs (9 Backbone = (a) Wings (id) Plants on which flowers are called © Flowering (6) Non-lowering plantse plants ‘O Dry plants (a) Confers oy included in invertebrates. ) FE (b) Pigeon ‘Cat (a) Snail” % Which one of the following is flowering olan? 8) Apptey’ () Tus 8 Moss (d) Pine $i) Which conifer is used as dry fruit? A tuje Moss {Pine mute (d) Sago palm iy is the largest man-made forest Negp Ushers ‘Crooked forest Changa Manga~ {Amazon Rainfall 173 General Science-4 (0) “SepanoDamhoo fore; = (ili) __ are teethes used for chewing food. (@) Incisors (b) Canines (©) Premokrsy = (d)_-Molars fis) ____ secretes digestive juice. (3) Lungs: (b) Heart ©) Stomach (@) Muscles @) Tf hunvan smiles, muscles are needed, fa) 12 (b) lav tc) 16 (d) 18 (i) The function of stem is te transport (a) Water and (Bb) Water food (©) Food (d) None of above (Gil) Which fruit has only one seed? fa) Mango (b) Watermelon (el Papaya (d) Orange nol Questions Q) What are two major groups of living things? ‘The two major groups of living things are: Plants Animals Hair (ii) How animals ean be classifivihgethe basis of vertebral column? Animals can be classified on the basis of vertebral column ‘Vertebrates Invertebrates Define biodivers' ‘The number of various types of living things found at a particular place is called biodiversity. {iv) Define skeleton, All the bones ore united with one another at the joints forming a frame called skeleton. (x) What is the function of brain? Brain controls all the function of our body. It collects information from different parts of cur body, (vi) Name five important parts in a flowering plant. 3 ‘The five important parts in a flowering plant are: Raot Stem ‘Leaf Flower Seed (vil) What is the function of flower? ‘unction of flowers is to produce seed. i) What is the funetion of seed?Focus Siudent Resource Book "The Function of seed is to produce new plants. (ix) How many bones are present in the human n Thee ve 206 bones are present in the human skeleton. (x) What is non-flowering plants? The plants on which flowers do not grow are called non-flowering plants &g, pine, tuja etc (xi) What is the function of root? ‘The function of roots és to anchor the plants into the ground and absorbs minerals from the soil. ‘Chapter 02 Ecosystem udu 1. Tiek (¥) the correct answers, LP hale (i) Whatis an ecosystem? (3) System of non-living thing is an environment. (6) Area having a group af living and dead things. (¢) System of living things in an environment. (d) The collection of abiotic and biotic components in an area’ All the biatie components are: (a) Animals {b) Producers (@) Livingthingsy’ —(@)_—-Non-living things (ii) Food chain: (a) Begins ata producer” {b) Begins ata consumer (©) Begins at a decomposer (d) Ends at producer (iv) For the conservation of ecosystem: (a) Forests ere being cut (b) Roads are being built (©) Tree plantation is being done (@) Factories are being installed (v) Fungus is an example of; (a) Producer (6) Consumer (©) Decompaser. (@) None of them 2, Write short answers, atl fotin (@ Define environment, Aaa S at The surrounding or conditions in which a person, animals or plant lives igealled environment, 174 General Scienos, wet Jeli slg braedl. (ii) Write the names of three compenent of an ecosystem. alae lms ‘The names of three biotic component of g, ecosystem are: Producers ‘Consumers Decompesers sunprLaalalthot LEZ, tty, wb ow ‘The three abiotic components of an ecosystem are: Temperature Air Water ith tL EG edion in a (ii) Draw a simple food chain.’ ated shuinedi Lien we a fs bri 2 (iv) If the food resources are increased, whit will be the effect on (he population of predator? Weg SAT SIMI Loe stoyserLudh If there is inerease in food resources, predala® would have sufficient amount of prey waich wsedastheirfod, CR PLIAGE L Lar Ae gienss Lith afearad®) ©) Write tvo human activities which 3" affecting the ecosystem. Hel loshtne Setar t Overhunting and deforestation are the two hut! activities which badly affects the ecosystem. CP Baa Sodom sil, Carrol + Rabbit + Fox—Focus Qenweas sree ee DUOK ad Gey Constructed Response Questions: iyhat is the relationship between biodiversity and competition among living things balanced jeosyste™: iia ol oeaL udlsbite Bier) a ; fe PUT piadiversity is the variety of plants or animals in snare. poSongatoniedsl Std we Citre trey | “ut Biodiversity of plants is called flora, EOWA CF ee funy Biodiversity of animals is called fana. erie (IML Fdbed uae Competition: (64 te) tis the ability mostly found in animals as well as in higher plants to survive in any harsh condition. itistermed as “‘survival for the fittest”. eheedt enc tree wih Lagat lute tenho" Relationship: (G) . Where there is high biodiversity there would be high competition among organisms for their survival i.e, to take shelter, to take food ele, Cider Loon L uasbent reli lF Ue ule prec S Kosten ted Poke lise 4 Investigates (UA (UD The ostrich are the largest and heaviest birds, but they cannot fly. To escape from the Predator, they fight with their strong paw or Tumway with a speed of 70 kilometer per hour. he light brown eoloured female lays eggs. The Female sits on eggs at the day time, whereas the Slack coloured male warm them at night. Fete Cuda eo ungianniett > Line Bh hii F016 SRI ee Sed gute yntag dre dratde fit Zt, gurcn Lc PELE 175. General Science-4 (a) Why female warms egg at day time wed pA pin Lewfe sion Female warms eggs at day time because eggs need 95,5°C af incubation for hatching and female body is less warmer then male body therefore it will warm eggs during day in the presence of sunlight, sobs SCL A yt ble Mp fan nfuseiod Lumidvietn fer Gi thule aimed? og VEE ltrs (b) Why male warms egg at night sett fudesL oul hy Male ostrich have high body temperature and as they live in coo! aveals, they warm egg during night. De vtuike bulge le tenbicd7 ents Z7 ULF fonLewsyshind ut Point fo Ponder: In the desert the days are extremely hot and the nights are extremely cold. Why? Sud ndotet tyr tbaletipfebyt 7 In deserts the days are extremely hot and the nights are extremely cold because deserts have such little water vapours in the air, it makes it harder to trap heat or cold in a desert, At nigh! the sun, no longer heats the desert and the heat from the day doesn’t stay trapped makes night cold. J tundit LL abeehiy EuallI¢ to tule ebaldltut ok Mods tule gt ¢ Jnfed we fawbieul2 sibnut tur hd SSN HL elms etebe oil Activity 2.2 Enter the living things given below in their respective ecosystem. Grass (UW), Plant ( cog), Lotus.( i”), Thick shrubs.(Uuifgbe_2y ), Snake ( ~) Penguin (Co ), Polar bear (fs! ), Camel (24! ), Lion ( 2}, Tiger ( G ), Elephant (u")), Deer ( oa), Fish (UF ), Frog ( 2),Focus Student Resource Book ), Goat (U4), ‘Antelope { wa), Sheep ( Forest Polar 176 Bear & e im Penguin if JB Deer wa boom nt i General Seience-4 providing nulrients and often change the geology and geography of an area. fie gated A fa Leyte Lipid st uly edet eS Mula ese ha : auLS deli Point to Ponder: ; / If the number of aquatic producers increases in a pond beyond the limit then fish and other Tiving things die due to lack of oxygen. Why? eyrrapiepere nia Sob Mi trl sud LfereeSt SF at If the number of aquatic producers inereases in a jpond beyond the limit then fish and other living things die due to back of oxygen because as producers float on the surface of water, So oxygen production during day time is small therefore fishes and other living things face lack of oxygen and eventually die. ef val de Hb ore walt fettig li teil LE Chet tiny Hct pe oll Gor ae af onc deg fF Tel we on ae sel ‘Observe the picture answer the questions given below. apni 2 oie Sgt 1. Name few abiotic and biotic component in the environment shown, A RLarit i ALE Sr Biotic component HAL Abiotic component AZ Sd 2. In your opinion how do the abiotic and biotic components interact with one another? . Je LHL eyes Aee wldse dee LT Sat A biotic factor is a living things while abiotic factors is a non living things. Together, they make up an ecosystem. They interact with each other in AL b poe Det ESF Vomit pul Activity 2.4 Observe an ecosystem near your school und identify the following components. Siti ane nip hee SCG LF ed wifes? (i) Abiotic components waited Temperature (oui? 2.8), Ai Cat), Water (GL), Light Gs) sai(otd (i) Biotic components zis Plants (2g), Cow (26), Gor AD, cow 1 Human beings (12) (iii) Producers otal,Focus Student Resource Book 177 rsste3.a), Shrubs (Uitue) iv) Herbivores war nestil (FFA), Cow (LK), Gort AY. Grasshapper Ww (v) Camivores ahebf tian (2), Crocodile (64), Scorpion GE), Fen (0 General Seience-4 LE BPS Additional MCQs @ lives in water (a) Fishes (by Tigers (©) Ants (@) Human beings ti) is the largest desert located in continent Africa. 3 (a) Thal (by) Cholistan (ec) Thi (4) Sahara” (it) All iving things which obtain their food from other living things ere called Make a food .chain using ithe identifieg | (a) Producers (b) Consumersé components. {c) Decomposers (d)_-Herbiveres t dhe aid fae | OM) is the main source of energy in ukdidiaul foe cenaan Plants— Grasshopper + Scorpion Fux (a) Sunv” (b) Fire y (c) Battery (d) Electricity “n> “Fe =F ue] ay isan example of herbivores. Activity 2.5 (a) Raw (b) Zebra Complete the following food chains, (©) Goat (4) Algae att ha bipae (vi) The animals which eat plants ate called com ]> [Ra | [ow @ (2) Camiveres () (d) Producers f (vil) The series of eating and being eaten in an ; ‘ecosystem is called Carols |-> | Rabl Lim} (a) Food web © Food chainv” woos fle 4 Uri = 2 (©) Ecosystem (@) Environment Pi ‘The animal which eat by killing another Grass living things is called [os J+ hopper’ | (@ Predator” > he > bt ee Point to Ponder: The animals which live in grassland must be very alect and fast runners to sucvive, Why? Ube byez ale th ute Loe ato rl In grass lands there are very few tress to hide for animals from predators like lion and tiger. In small Grasses predator can easily locate their prey. So these animals have to run fast to reach a safe place and escape from predator. Safed Lig eaupe fdr tulelot Ube hyigee i Lule dite ASiead bet Supt te Luetredseed uiuartia (b) Prey (¢) Predator—prey relationship (qd) None of above (ix) World earth day is (a) 21" April (Bb) 22 April” (©) 23" April (24 April (x) Plantation day is celebrated in fa) June (b) July (o) August” (d) Seplember Additional Questions () Name two components of an ecosystem. Lane si ‘There are two components of an ecosystem. (a) Abiotic camponents ils F (b) Biotic components M2LAse (ii) What da you know about corals and coralFocus Student Resource Book reels. supe pute dL tata Corals arc a port of beautiful ecosystem under sea. une Blouté Lite Corals usually live in form ofa colony which is coral reefs, wae RE ent Define predatar. ol 8 apf Pls The animals which cats by killing another living things is called predators c.g. lion, tiger cic. Lp LuLu as umibe pasidy dt wble eye (iv) Define prey. ufapte The living thing which is killed and eaten by the predator is called a prey ¢.g, Zebra, rat ele eh etal t Be tS IL A Atbe (¥) What is predation? tet Ve eet “The interaction between predator and prey is called predation, we tifiegtt Poy nd ald For caample, deer is killed and eaten by lion. Here, lion is the predator and decr is il prey. Cog stesat Jub SAsug ah Ete ek Chapter 03 Human Health <3 (“) the correct answers. ah Pike| () If our body temperature increases from 98.6°F to 101°F then its cause (a) Hot weather {b) (ce) Sitling inthe sun () Sitting near fire Gi) In which food most of the calcium is found? (2) Meat (b) Rice (© Milky (d) Pulse ) If you nave flu then what you will do to save yourself. and other? (@)__ Willexercise 178 General Science-4 Te) Will sleep for more time (c) Will sit in the sun (d) Will wear mask” (iv) What is the cause of polio? {a} Bacteria (b) Virus (c) House fly (a) Mosquita (v) IH aecessary for the prevention fram contagious disease: (a) Wearing mask, washing hand, vaccination” (b) Wearing mask, washing hand sitting in the sun (ce) Washing hands sitting in the sun, sleeping more, (@) Vaccination, washing hand, not sitting inthe 2 Gale short answers. ate fate (Write any three reasons of sickness. janet bbe ‘The three reasons of sickness a sted anet Sibk Germs fiz Scarcity of food SC tut Air pollution tdie Gi) Differentiate between contagious and non- contagious diseases, aA tution dase Non-Contagious Disease Wier Z) The disease which cannot be transmitted from one person 10 another person is called non-contagious disease. Contagious Disease (hike) ‘The disease which ean ‘be transmitted from one person fo another person is called contagious disease. erie D Maken tah eda Pe -edif Examples: Flu 8 Palio 2g eve Laue ba bE me PAP wc dfs Examples: yt Heart attack ess Oo aS.Focus Student Resource Book Diabetes | Hepatitis L~ Blood pressure Covid-19 ete adsl QoL Cancer Kidney failure ete ad anti! (ili) Write a benefit of coughing? wr The coughing removes obstruction Windpipe such 25 MUCUS, LArMms ele. 2b lad Sere mathe dag! (ix)How does vaccination save us from diseases? tednteure tuts Vaccination helps to Kill or weak germs of disease, They produce antibodies in the blood which develops immunity in the body and jratcct us from disease. fig dh Het yt 2 we UF 2 Unien! () What is meant by balanced diet? Test Ave elle The intake of all types of faod (milk, cereals, meat, vegctables and fruits) in a proper quentity is called balanced diel. Pa ie aut pret tlie ALE oP ae rifieuar ine 3. Constructed Response Questions: Look at the picture of drinking water fillration Want for the public and write answers, re fen E WL EL pit Coy tdas: Sex wite aPeelie () Whatis the function of filter? 5 1g teu A filter impurities by lowering remaves : Contamination by using a physical barrier. optim LA feo PEI Se taht A Can filtration also stops the germs? Suki fue oR AY —_ General Science-4 Iso stops the germs, Here caremic filter is used which is effective at removing germs Lt Pt cg Sud oda Bay -ete iid £ How can germs be killed in water? te pul ed surdia Germs can be Killed in waler by adding chlorine ar chlorine based compotinds, eb rite d IS tepal (iy) How can water be made suitable for drinking? Se Pott usirlet e fh Water can be mode suitable for drinking by boiling, adding disinfectants or filtration, ari £ ME ere, ; 4. Investigate (yA up) Interview 9 docior or 5 health werker and enquire about the principles of living a healthy life. Write in the table, PF Loi Eire nig ysis BL a aay SNo_| Components I Good dict Suse 2 Physical exercise cages 3 Goad sleeping pattem wae: 4 Personal hygiene beds Safe environment vet se Projects (oGiz/.*) Observe the kitchen of your home and find out the factors which may cause diseases. Are Lud onlupeghaeteodad Met |__| feo S. | Faciars Cause of | Way off No | Spreading | Prevention went | Wee BsLig enberiie ) Meat“ student Resource Book stk? @Cemsay 4 ———Seneral Seton ° e human body temperature is: Ae oar (b) 92,654 “ O os6F @) RerY oes e rie cleaning of Water is done by: Fertilizers polling (b) Filtration ae Adding disinfectants . BA ofabove ¥ Garbage vies gional Ries Dust mticlesete oda dat ij Define : iv) Define filtration. uUfaALe apap SAP jfeur body temperature increased then it is called fat gE Met geroiz oie wi fg) Write down seven steps of hand wash. ag Sipsvli rid 4) Rub hands palm to palm, aA fudiS as ) Rub the back of both hands. wt four user () Palmto palm with the finger interlock. il Sef bbe a Sutie aA sud ath Let le Back of fingers to opposing palin, with inellocked fingers. whirl tied Biche heir ( Rub thumb in a rotating manner followed by fe between finger and thumb repeat for both 6. LA Sb nS odie Fig Lo tit fe fie fini éutsiis "Rub the finger tips into palm of your opposite “Sod, Repeal for both hands. Whit iP ec unitudie tere atin @ Rub both wrists in a rotating manner, rinse and “Fthorough ly iy fate dattatbelhstotee 1 Write few factors that affect water. an fio fa eek Neto factors that affect water arc: x uc tele sy é ae 2 ‘The process by which particles present in water separated by a filter is called filtration. eth be del Afeunar idee» aad (v) Food has been divided into how groups? te tun tL ite Food has been divided inta five groups i.e. VE tuml bie Milk ou Meat ft Fruit ae Grain ttt Vegetable ule Chapter 04 Matter and its Characteristics. eke? Lutvlnb 1. Tick (#) the correct answers, aL WetiRees (@) Which one of these has the most volume? fa) Boak (b) Pencil () Scale (a) Cricket ball (ii) Which one of these groups is the correct coxample of the three states of matter? (a) Snow, Rain, Cloud (b) Dew, Rain, Water vapours {e) Snow, Cloud, Steam (d) Rain, Water vapours, Cloud (ii) Put Ove spoons made of steel and wood in a cup of hot water. After few minutes the steel spoon become hot whereas the weoden spoonGeneral Science-q Focus Student Resource Book 182 : G c does not become hot. What does it show? (ii) Differentiate between solid and | aid, (a) Thesteel became hot soon in the presence of LFA Elon? wood, (b) Metal is a better conductor of heat than wood. ie (e) Wood is a baller conductor of heat than |["Sofig have definite | Liquid have indefinite melal atria 7 shapes shapes f) Metal heats the water quickly than wood, a “Ta PU a A piece of ice has been put into a glass of -elnPidyt Bout Pei, water, Which picture is showing the correct |] Solid ave definite | Liquid have definile ice? volume. volume, meted tedur we bnd we, Example: ee Example: wie Jee Water db Tron | Tea 2b (ii) Which state of matter has lowest density? tedufer eit fou Gas has law density. we dn festft (¥) Water, ice and steam all have different temperatures, What is the order from coldest to hottest? (2) Steam, lee, Water (b) Ice, Steam, Water (c) Steam, Water, Ice (d) lee, Water, Stearn 2. Write short answers. (i) ‘Define matter and write the name of its three states. a aLureed Crh prot Matier: ut All things have weight and occupy space is called matter. atdi fold, | Sona Fromage States of matter: Ub gut Matter occurs in three states i.e. etl uturbet ot Solid ur Liquid & Gas ut (ix) Compare the arrangement of particles in solids and gases. UFasir SL, euiturtonst Particle Arrangement in Solids . In solids, the panicles are closely packed together. The closely packed arrangement is what causes solids to have defined shapes. The solid state of matter has the lowest enengy compared to the same substance in the other twa states, (Smitue Giese inte ASS A fie t Cite tlig ca Fhe te dies -e hh fe the Loktiturln ded Particle Arrangements in Gases ‘Gases have particles that are very far away fram e2ch other. These particles are very energetic. The arrangement of particles in a gas is why gies will expand to fill whatever space they occupy. 63 Particles have the weakest intermolecular interaction’ compared {0 solids and liquids (¥) Why are cooking utensils made af metals? / Tape bl lent L EY Cooking utensils .are made of metals becaustFocus Student Resource Book ipalals are good conductor of heat. forte Paleo nloing coy adn gt 3. Constructed Response Questions: {) Why does the electrician wenr rubber gloves guring repairing of electric switch at your home? . Lelio Lae Sor SAA SE 10) Tele ul Teelectrician wear rubber gloves during repairing ofelectric switch at home because rubber is a bad conductor of electricity, it doesn't allow the electric current to pass through it, wELORLOE end Seer fie Ae ASL SA ste tobe Pe bE 4 Investigater(W4UP dd {) Why is metal used in the bell? SedbUU Ulett Metal is used im the bell because metals are sonorous when metals stuck with a hard material, it produces sound, Soran gti llr file dy Senet td? NA wives deg dt, (i) Why are metals preferred for making omaments? Fe db ati aul er ME totes Metals are preferred for making omaments because ofits attractiveness, luster, non-corrosive and nan- allergic nature, MF Ll Life de EFA Lett fe etn GAR Ag 5. Project: (oft! _-*) Collect five types of metals observe them and write their properties. Morr fal hatte isos Pb, Texture ) Colour Tae f ‘Appearance Sab General Science-4 Gold | Lustrous te ad (Silver | Lustrous oy ae Copper | Lustrous br Ae Tin ‘Lustrous 7 sat ‘Lustrous wt Observe whether the volume of water is same which was in the cup. I has become less or more? Water changes its shape but its volume remains definite. Hit Lr tAabaatic tho tape feberhbel ulmi oule Volume of water is same in glass as well in cup, Bul shape of water changes. This is a characteristic of Tiquid. erie dene We? e tre Snr eet Lift Activity 4.2 Pour water in three vessels having different shapes, What have you observed? Ts the shape of water in these vessels is same or different? When a liquid is poured in any vessel then it gets the shape of that vesscl. It means the shape of the liquid changes. There is no definite shape of lig . - re fab LT ad tur ct Lire Leas cate Ble ot iP treet SE Meine Get PUI sui Ae tre we aut PPS the Pl uee ‘Shape: The shape of the vessel is different. id.Focus Student Resource Book ae SP Liquids have definite volume but not definite ‘Conclusion Activity 43 Take balloons of three different shapes. Inflate all the balloons. Observe the shape of the balloons. Is the shape of the balloons same? ‘What do you conclude from this activity? Soa Sg ute FE GE Wife Cp tbe te LIP Shape: No, the shapes of the balloons are not same. a PC Conclusion: Gases have neither a fixed shape hor any definite volume. estigenie Un P torstheSrl Point to Ponder: ofe.2 ‘Why does an inflated balloon burst when placed in the sunshine? Fe bbee ne bette ee nd he When balloon is placed in the sunshine, the air inside balloon become warmer and fakes up more space as compared to cold air, so it burst. Be Lapham sicthWater Lome (ii) You are holding a glass of cald water in a room. The temperature of different things is as follows: poke oP ene hue Bee ALT ‘Your temperature 37°C ‘Temperature of water 05°C . Temperature of room 30°C SoA? publ Ws 2 ake Draw arrows in the picture to shaw the diréction of the heat flow. abetite tunede Lil eas 30°C are uth Savows some tS = Diagram book (ii) Sidra has a reflector in her torch. There is ho reflector in the torch of Ali. Which torch will throw more light on a wall at 5-meter distance? Tick (“) in the right box. whet SA teal 6 Bitar aC = 188 ———_— General Sciencey JL oP miter Mscnpety Alitorch — v 4, Investigate: WA ue A siraple electric circuit consists of battery, buy and electric wire. Its electric path has broken ang the bulb is not plowing. We want to complete the electric path sa that bulb can light up by using te clectric energy of the battery. We have cotton bud, a plastic ball pen, an ice-cream stick, nail, Koy and a pencil. Which thing should we jain with th, ends of the wire so thal electric circuit is complele and the bulb lights up? / St Ei tog tk a bee Dandi Tener oul fg Gut late lui aS bate £ HF ret LA Lae we Shp te iP FIO Fb Oph wt iE regi seLuy Lala ht tbo Nail should be join because it is 2 conductor andit can conduct electricity. fed TAR te he Sle tial Let's Think! Ue Which energy is changed into hydro-electricity? sbmcle ed ecdunse! Energy in the flowing water is changed inta hyde electricity. Ske eke dis herk Task 10 Do? woes Make a chart te show the transformations af enevd ina thermal power station, abet OP rian ge ite | Wat >| Blectricit¥ j) Bulning of fuel