Paints and Pigments CPI

Objectives Members References

★ To understand the history of ★ Bajenting, Jenessa Mae B. ★ McGraw-Hill Series in

the paint industry
★ To comprehend the nature of ★ De Jesus, Janne Enricson P. Chemical Engineering
paints and pigments
★ To familiarize the constituents ★ Fores, Aissa Marie B.
of paints and colors of
pigments ★ Molino, Ivan Jose M.
★ To discern the manufacturing
process of paints
★ To know other materials of
pigments
★ To recognize the process flow Chemical Process Industries
diagram of paints
★ To identify the human and
environment hazards of paints
CHE332 - V2
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and pigments
★ To discover the paint and Group # 3
pigments industry in the
country
History Paints Pigments Industries Videos Hazards
 Paints and Pigments CPI

Objectives Members References

★ To understand the history of ★ Bajenting, Jenessa Mae B. ★ McGraw-Hill Series in

the paint industry
★ To comprehend the nature of ★ De Jesus, Janne Enricson P. Chemical Engineering
paints and pigments
★ To familiarize the constituents ★ Fores, Aissa Marie B.
of paints and colors of
pigments ★ Molino, Ivan Jose M.
★ To discern the manufacturing
process of paints
★ To know other materials of
pigments
★ To recognize the process flow Chemical Process Industries
diagram of paints
★ To identify the human and
environment hazards of paints
CHE332 - V2
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and pigments
★ To discover the paint and Group # 3
pigments industry in the
country
History Paints Pigments Industries Videos Hazards
 Home

CPI

Welcome to Paints and Pigments

Industry!
History Paints Pigments
The paint industry, often called the
"paint and coatings industry," is
comprised of manufacturers,
wholesalers and retailers who sell
paints, stains and other coatings.
Let's get started!
Paints and Videos Environmental
Pigments Hazards
Industries in
the Philippines
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 HISTORY

HISTORY
➔ Dates back to Prehistoric times
◆ The inhabitants of the earth recorded Hazards in colors on the walls of the caves.
◆ Crude paints consists of colored earths or clays suspended in water.
➔ 1500 B.C.
◆ Egyptians developed the art of painting and had wide number and variety of colors.
➔ 1000 B.C.
◆ Egyptians discovered the forerunner of our present-day varnishes.
◆ Pliny outlined the manufacture of white lead from lead and vinegar, and it is probable that
this ancient procedure resembles the old Dutch process.

Next
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 PAINTS

What is Paint?
➔ Mixture of usually opaque solids, dispersed in a liquid medium
which is used as a protective and/or decorative coating for suitable
surfaces.
➔ Used to decorate, protect and prolong the life of natural and
synthetic Industries and acts as a barrier against environmental
conditions.
1
Purpose of Paints
➔ To restrict the corrosion of paint
➔ To provide resistance against corrosive effect of sun, wind, rain,
frost, atmospheric pollution and other natural elements (e.g. heat,
moisture, etc.)
➔ To provide delays in rusting
➔ Provides aesthetic looks to Industries and smooth surface for easy
cleaning
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 PAINTS

Properties of Paints
➔ Should be available in the required color with high hiding
power.
➔ Should be able to resist the atmospheric conditions to
which it will be placed
➔ Should resist corrosion
➔ Should have sufficient consistency for a particular
purpose for which the paint is to be used.
➔ The pain film covered any surface should give a gloss
appearance.
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 PAINTS

CONSTITUENTS OF PAINTS
➔ PIGMENTS
Impart color and opacity
➔ BINDERS
A polymer forming a matrix to hold the pigments in place
➔ EXTENDERS
Larger pigment particles added to improve adhesion, strengthen the film and save binder
➔ SOLVENT/THINNER
It is either organic solvent or water that used to reduce the viscosity of paint for better application
➔ ADDITIVES
Used to modify the properties of the liquid paint or dry film
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 PAINTS

CONSTITUENTS OF PAINTS
Additives may include:
◆ Dispersants
◆ Silicones
◆ Thixotropic agents
◆ Driers
◆ Anti - settling agents
◆ Bactericides
◆ Fungicides and algaecides
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 PAINTS

PAINT FORMULATION
Proper paint formulation centers around the specific requirements in the particular
application. For the modern paint formulator, some authorities believe the most,
important concept is that of pigment volume concentration, or P.V.C.
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 PAINTS

Ranges of P.V.C.
P.V.C.
percent

Flat Paints 50 - 75

Semigloss Paints 35 - 45

Gloss Paints 25 - 35

Exterior house paints 28 - 36

Metal primers 25 - 40

Wood primers 35 - 40
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 PAINTS

Percentage Content of Paints

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 PAINTS

TYPES OF PAINTS BASED ON BINDERS/SOLVENTS

1. Enamel-Based Paints (Alkyd)

2. Acrylic Water-based Paint (Latex)
3. Acrylic Solvent-based Paint
4. Epoxy-based Paint
5. Lacquer-based Paint
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 PAINTS

TYPES OF PAINTS BASED ON BINDERS/SOLVENT

1. Enamel-Based Paints (Alkyd)

- It is a paint that dries to an especially hard, usually glossy finish.
- It contains either glass powder or tiny metal flake fragments
instead of the color pigments found in the standard oil-based
paints
- Enamel paint is also mixed with varnish to increase shine as well
as assist its hardening process
- Commonly used when treating trim, kitchen cabinets and doors.
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 PAINTS

TYPES OF PAINTS BASED ON BINDERS/SOLVENT

2. Acrylic Water-based Paint (Latex)

- Latex paint is a water based dispersion if sub-micrometre
polymer particles
- Latex paints cure by a process called coalescence where
the water, solvent and binder are fused together into
irreversibly bound network structures
- Primarily used to paint homes, structures, and spaces
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 PAINTS

TYPES OF PAINTS BASED ON BINDERS/SOLVENT

3. Acrylic Solvent-based Paint

- Boysen Acrytex is an acrylic solvent based coating that
forms a seamless, non-porous, watertight film that repels
water and prevents seepage
- It is noted for its excellent adhesion and long-term
durability
- Creates a very tight film, serving a moisture sealant for
concrete and stain inhibitor for wood
- It’s best used on wood and aluminum siding, stucco,
drywall, plaster, and porch floors.
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 PAINTS

TYPES OF PAINTS BASED ON BINDERS/SOLVENT

4. Epoxy-based Paint
- It has a high quality, two-component, epoxy-polyamide system that
has a exceptional adhesion to practically any surface including steel
tanks, coastal installations, galvanized iron, pipelines, aluminum,
structural steel and etc
- Has excellent corrosion resistance and sealing properties and highly
alkali-resistant so there is no need for neutralization of new concrete
- a durable finishing touch to flooring in garages, basements, patios and
decks.
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 PAINTS

TYPES OF PAINTS BASED ON BINDERS/SOLVENT

5. Lacquer-based Paint
- Lacquer Primer Surfacer - is a nitrocellulose lacquer type
sealer with excellent holdout properties that provide good
foundation for the desired lacquer topcoat
- Automotive Lacquer - is a nitrocellulose, solvent-based, high
gloss lacquer type paint that is easy to apply and dries rapidly
to a long-wearing attractive finish
- Used to cover hard wearing surfaces like auto bodies and
furniture
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 PAINTS

TYPES OF PAINTS OR SOLVENT/S AREAS

BINDER Inside Outside
Enamel-Based Paints (Alkyd) Xylene, Toluene

Acrylic Water-based Paint Water

(Latex)
Xylene, Butanol, Ethyl
Epoxy-based Paint Glycol, Ethyl Isobutyl
Ketone, Glycol
Aromatic
Lacquer-based Paint Hydrocarbons,
Alcohols, Ketones and
Esters
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 PAINTS

Manufacturing of Paints
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 PAINT INGREDIENT AND FUNCTIONS

FUNCTION
To form the protective film
through oxidation and
Film - Forming polymerization of the
Materials unsaturated constituents of
the drying oil
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 PAINT INGREDIENT AND FUNCTIONS

FUNCTION
To suspend pigments, dissolve
film-forming materials and to
Thinners thin concentrated paints for
better handling
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 PAINT INGREDIENT AND FUNCTIONS

FUNCTION
To accelerate the drying of the
Driers film through oxidation and
polymerization
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 PAINT INGREDIENT AND FUNCTIONS

FUNCTION
Antiskinning To prevent gelling and
skinning of the finished
agents product before application
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 PAINT INGREDIENT AND FUNCTIONS

FUNCTION
To prevent gelling and
skinning of the finished
Plasticizers product before application
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 PIGMENTS

What is Pigment?
➔ A pigment is a material that changes the colour
of reflected or transmitted light as the result of
wavelength-selective absorption.
➔ Pigments are insoluble and are applied not as
solution but as finely ground solid particles
mixed with a liquid.
➔ Pigments are important constituents in paints,
coatings and inks.
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 PIGMENTS

History of Pigments

● Early man used earth pigments on cave walls such as yellow earth (ochre), red earth (ochre) and
white chalk. Ochres are coloured clays that are found as soft deposits within the earth.
● In 1704, the German colour maker Johann Jacob Diesbach created Prussian blue by accident in his
laboratory.
● In 1828, the chemist Jean-Baptiste Guimet created a low cost blue, French ultramarine
● In 1834, Winsor & Newton developed a method of heating the oxide to increase its opacity.
● In 19th Century, the the discovery of alizarin became the most important organic pigment
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 PIGMENTS

Types of Pigments
Organic Pigments Inorganic Pigments
● Occurs naturally and they’ve been used for ● These pigments are also known as
centuries. They’re named organic as they “synthetic pigments.”
contain minerals and metals that give them
their colour. ● Inorganic pigments are manufactured by
relatively simple chemical processes such
● Organic pigment manufacturers produce as oxidation.
them through a simple process that’s made
of washing, drying, powdering and
combining into a formulation.
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 PIGMENTS

Colors of Pigments
➔ White Hiding Pigments
➔ Yellow Pigments
➔ Black Pigments
➔ Orange Pigments
➔ Blue Pigments
➔ Green Pigments
➔ Red Pigments
➔ Yellow Pigments
➔ Brown Pigments
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 PIGMENTS

White Hidding Pigments

➔ White Lead
➔ Basic Lead Sulfate
➔ Zinc Oxide
➔ Lithopone
➔ Titanium Dioxide
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

White Lead (2PbCO3 . Pb(OH)2)

➔ It is the oldest and one of the most important of the
white pigment.
➔ Paints made from white lead are very easily applied
and have a high covering power. They have the
disadvantages of reacting with sulfur-containing
gases and of becoming chalky and wearing off.
These disadvantages have been largely overcome by
using white lead in balanced formulations with
titanium dioxide, magnesium silicate, and leaded
zinc oxide.
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 PIGMENTS

Different Manufacturing Processes of White Lead

➔ Dutch Process

➔ Carter Process

➔ Electrolytic Process
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Dutch Process

Lead is melted and cast in the form of 6-in. perforated disks which are placed on a shelf in small
earthenware pots containing 3 percent acetic acid in reservoirs. The pots are then stacked in tiers,
covered with boards, and arranged 10 tiers high. Spent tanbark is placed all around the pots. During a
period of about 100 days, the acetic acid vapors, moisture, and the carbon dioxide gas from the warm
fermenting tanbark act on the lead to give the flaky white lead or basic lead carbonate. This is broken
away from any unreacted lead, ground, floated in water, and dried to give the product which contains
about 70 percent carbonate and 30 percent hydroxide
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Carter Process

The melted lead is atomized by spraying from nozzles by means of air or superheated steam. This finely
divided lead is periodically treated or "corroded" with a spray of acetic acid, purified carbon dioxide gas
from coke, and air in a large slowly revolving wooden cylinder to give the white lead after some 5 to 12
days. This material is whiter, finer, and more uniform than the old Dutch lead.
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Electrolytic Process
The reaction is carried out by means of a concrete electrolytic diaphragm cell made up of lead plates as
anodes, suspended in sodium acetate solution and iron plates as cathodes, suspended in a sodium
carbonate solution. The white lead is carried out of the cell with the anolyte and is settled, filtered,
washed, and dried to give the final product.
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Sublimed White Lead (Basic Sulfate)

➔ It is made by the sublimation of galena ores which
are essentially lead sulfide, PbS, together with a
small amount of zinc sulfide.
➔ The composition is approximately 75 percent PbS04,
20 percent PbO, and 5 percent ZnO.
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Zinc Oxide
➔ Zinc oxide has a higher opacity or covering power
than most grades of white lead.
➔ It is the truest white that can be obtained and its
color is unaffected by gases in the atmosphere.
➔ Zinc oxide prevents premature chalking through the
formation of zinc soaps and through its high opacity
towards ultraviolet rays.
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 PIGMENTS

Different Methods Employed to Produce Zinc Oxide

➔ American(Wetherill) Process

➔ French Process

➔ Electrothermal Process
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

American (Wetherill)
Process
In this process, it produces the zinc oxide directly from the
ore, franklinite. This ore is mixed with coal and delivered to
a specially designed furnace. The product is collected, the
coarse in cyclones and the fines in bag filters. This product
would have the analysis ; ZnO, 65 percent; PbO, 9 percent;
PbS04, 26 percent.
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

French Process Consists in vaporizing zinc in a retort with indirect heat

and carbon monoxide gas, and then oxidizing both the zinc
vapor and the carbon monoxide by meeting a current of
preheated air in a combustion chamber. The reducing gas,
CO, aids in the volatilization of the zinc. The larger particles
of the oxide are removed in a settling chamber, while the
fines are collected in bag filters. After revolatilizing, the
coarse oxide in the reheat furnace, both products are ready
for bolting, packaging, and shipping.
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Electrothermal Process

The concentrated ore is first roasted and the sulfur content reduced from 32 to about 1 percent. The product
from the roaster is mixed-with coke, fluxes, and various residues and is then fed to a sintering machine.
Carefully sized coke is mixed in and the mass sent through a gas-fired preheater into the electric resistance
furnace. Electrodes are inserted in the charge, the charge acting as the resistance and the temperature rising
to 1200°C. The product is collected, screened, packed, and shipped.
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Lithopone
➔ It was originally prepared in 1874, had an incorrect
particle size and possessed a tendency to turn
temporarily gray on exposure to ·sunlight. In 1880, it
was discovered that heating the product to a red
heat and plunging it into water remedied the
physical defect.
➔ Lithopone is a brilliantly white, extremely fine,
cheap white pigment.
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Manufacturing Process of Lithopone

The barium sulfide solution is prepared
by reducing barite ore, BaS04, with
carbon 'and leaching the resulting mass.

The two solutions are reacted and a

heavy mixed precipitate results which is
28 to 30 percent zinc sulfide and 72 to 70
percent barium sulfate.
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Titanium Dioxide
➔ The most recently introduced and the largest seller of
white pigments because of its low cost per unit of hiding
power.
➔ It is marketed in the rutile and anatase crystal forms.
➔ Widely employed in exterior paints and also for enamels
and lacquers.
➔ Domestic ore deposits are worked, but the best grade is
imported chiefly from India.
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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Manufacturing Process of Titanium Dioxide

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 PIGMENTS | WHITE HIDING PIGMENTS

Steps in the Process

1. The ground ilmenite ore is digested hot in large conical concrete or heavy steel tanks.
2. The mixture is agitated and steam heated to 110°C.
3. The solid reaction mass is dissolved in water giving a solution of the soluble titanium, ferrous and ferric
sulfates.
4. The ferric sulfate is reduced by scrap iron.
5. The solution is clarified in thickeners.
6. A second clarification removes the last traces of residues.
7. Solution is concentrated in a continuous lead-lined evaporator to equivalent of about 200 grams TiO 2.
8. This strong acid-soluble titanyl sulfate (probable TiOSO,) is hydrolyzed.
9. Using anatase seeds, 6 hr. of boiling are practiced, while with rutile seeds, 3 hr. are needed.
10. The precipitate is vacuum filtered, repulped, and refiltered.
11. The hot Ti02 is pulverized, quenched in water (dispersed), wet ground, hydro separated, thickened,
filtered, dried, and reground.
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 PIGMENTS

Black Pigments

➔ Carbon Black
➔ Graphite
➔ Lamp Black
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 PIGMENTS | BLACK PIGMENTS

Carbon Black Graphite Lamp Black

➔ Obtained as soot from ➔ Graphite is a naturally occurring ➔ Lampblack is soot produced by

partial combustion of mineral pigment, a form of carbon, burning oil or other combustible
hydrocarbons. which occurs in geological organic Industries. Soot is
environments which have basically pure carbon, sometimes
undergone high temperature containing small amounts of
metamorphism unburned material or other
combustion products.
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 PIGMENTS

Orange Pigments

➔ Basic Lead Chromate

➔ Cadmium Orange
➔ Molybdenum Orange

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 PIGMENTS | ORANGE PIGMENTS

Basic Lead Chromate Cadmium Orange Molybdenum Orange

➔ Basic lead chromate is also ➔ Cadmium orange is a warm, bright ➔ It is a brilliant orange pigment
known as “Chrome Orange”. It is colour made from the well-known made by coprecipitation of lead
made by creating a slurry of lead cadmium pigments sulphide and chromates and lead molybdates.
chromate in boiling water, selenide. The pigment can be
followed by the immediate prepared by a reaction of a solution ➔ It has been widely used for
addition of solid sodium of a cadmium salt, such as coatings and plastics because of its
hydroxide to the solution with cadmium chloride, with a solution bright color and hiding power.
heavy stirring. The mixture is of sodium sulfide and sodium
then decanted into cold water, selenide in the desired proportion.
filtered, and dried
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 PIGMENTS

Blue Pigments

➔ Ultramarine Blue
➔ Cobalt Blue
➔ Iron Blue

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 PIGMENTS | BLUE PIGMENTS

Ultramarine Blue Cobalt Blue Iron Blue

➔ Ultramarine is a complex ➔ Cobalt blue is lighter and less ➔ Its coloring power is very great; the
sodium aluminum silicate and intense than the (iron-cyanide pigment is also permanent to light
sulfide, made by heating together based) pigment Prussian blue. It is and air
sodium carbonate, kaolin, extremely stable and historically, ➔ These are made in essentially the
charcoal, quartz, sulfur, sodium has been used as a coloring agent. same manner by the precipitation of
sulfate, and resin. The melt is Cobalt blue is made by sintering ferrous sulfate solutions with sodium
cooled, ground, washed free of cobalt(II) oxide with aluminum(III) ferrocyanide giving a white ferrous
water-soluble salts, and heated oxide (alumina) at 1200 °C. ferrocyanide which is then oxidized
with more sulfur at 500°C. until a to ferric ferrocyanide by different
the color develops. reagents.
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 PIGMENTS

Green Pigments

➔ Chromium Oxide (CR2O3)

➔ Guilnet Green (Emerald Green)
➔ Chrome Green
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 PIGMENTS | GREEN PIGMENTS

Chromium Oxide Guilnet Green Chrome Green

➔ It is one of the oldest green ➔ Guignet's green (emerald green) is ➔ It is a mixture or a

pigment. a hydrated chromic oxide, coprecipitation of chrome yellow
➔ It is made by fusing a chromate Cr20(OR)4. with Prussian blue.
or dichromate with sulfur in a ➔ It is prepared by furnacing a ➔ Inert fillers are used with this
reverberatory furnace. mixture of potassium dichromate pigment in making paints.
and boric acid at a dull red heat for
several hours.
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 PIGMENTS

Red Pigments

➔ Red Lead (Pb3O4)

➔ Ferric Oxide
➔ Venetian Red
➔ Indian Red
➔ Cadmium Red
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 PIGMENTS | RED PIGMENTS

Red Lead Pb3O4 Ferric Oxide Ee2O3 Venetian Red

➔ has a brilliant red-orange color, ➔ Another red pigment that is ➔ It is a very permanent and inert
is quite resistant to light, and employed in paints and primer. pigment particularly on wood.
finds extensive use as a priming
coat for structural steel, ➔ It is made by heating the iron ➔ It is a light and warm pigment
particularly. sulfate obtained from the pickling that is a darker shade of red.
vats of steel mills.
➔ It is manufactured by oxidizing ➔ Derived from nearly pure ferric
lead to litharge, PbO, in air. oxide of the hematite type.
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 PIGMENTS | RED PIGMENTS

Indian Red Cadmium Red

➔ It is a naturally occurring mineral whose ➔ It has excellent chemical and heat stability, and can
ferric oxide content may vary from 80 to be used in chemically aggressive environments.
95 percent.
➔ It is made by roasting the precipitate obtained
➔ It is made by grinding hematite and through mixing cadmium sulfate, sodium sulfite,
floating off the fines for use. and sodium selenide.
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 PIGMENTS

Yellow Pigments

➔ Ocher
➔ Chrome Yellow
➔ Zinc Yellow
➔ Litharge

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 PIGMENTS | RED PIGMENTS

Ocher Chrome Yellow

➔ It is a naturally occurring pigment ➔ They are the most popular yellow pigments because
consisting of clay colored with 10 to 30 of exceptional brilliance, great opacity, and excellent
percent ferric hydroxide. light-fastness.

➔ Ochers are very weak tinting colors and ➔ They are produced by mixing a solution of lead
are being replaced by synthetic hydrated nitrate or acetate with a solution of sodium
yellow iron oxides dichromate.
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 PIGMENTS | YELLOW PIGMENTS

Zinc Yellow Litharge

➔ Used because of its excellent inhibiting effect ➔ It has excellent chemical and heat stability, and can
both in mixed paints and as a priming coat for be used in chemically aggressive environments.
steel and aluminum.
➔ It is made by roasting the precipitate obtained
➔ Zinc yellow is a complex of the approximate through mixing cadmium sulfate, sodium sulfite,
composition and sodium selenide. .
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 PIGMENTS

Brown Pigments

➔ Burnt Sienna
➔ Burnt Umber
➔ Vandyke Brown

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 PIGMENTS | BROWN PIGMENTS

Burnt Sienna Burnt Umber Vandyke Brown

➔ The main color giving component ➔ Umber is a natural brown earth ➔ Van Dyke brown is a native
of burnt sienna is iron oxide. The pigment that contains iron oxide earth of indefinite composition,
pigment contains around 50% iron and manganese oxide. Umber is containing oxide of iron and
oxide and varying amounts of darker than the other similar earth organic matter
clay and quartz. pigments.

➔ It is stable at high temperatures ➔ It is made by heating raw umber,

but not resistant against acids and which dehydrates the iron oxides
is compatible with all other and changes them partially to the
pigments more reddish hematite.
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 PIGMENTS | TONER AND LAKES

Toners Lakes

Toners are insoluble organic dyes. Lakes result from the precipitation of organic colors
usually of synthetic origin upon some inorganic base
Toners, or organic dyes, are employed in many
colors. The lakes are dyed inorganic pigments. The inorganic
Examples: Para Red, Toluidine Toner, Hansa part or base consists of such an extender as clay,
Yellow G and Hansa Yellow 10 G barite.
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 PIGMENTS | TONER AND LAKES

Both toners and lakes are ground in oil or applied like any other pigment.

Both should be insoluble not only in water to resist washing away, but in oil to prevent" bleeding."

The toners and lakes are very useful and beautiful pigments for paints and inks.
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 PIGMENTS | METALLIC POWDER

Bronze and aluminum powders have been employed for years in lacquers.

Powder in suspension in various media, has given excellent results ~s a light-reflecting pigment as well as a primer
coat.
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 PIGMENTS | EXTENDERS

It give a thicker paint film, providing better weathering properties, furnishing a base for the real pigment, or reducing
the cost of the pigment.

Barium sulfate, in the natural crystalline form of barite but finely ground or in the precipitated form of blanc fixe, is one
of the most important of the extenders.
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 PIGMENTS | OILS

It serves as part of the vehicle for the carrying of the pigments, their chief" function is to form or to help form the
protective film.
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 PIGMENTS | VARNISHES

Varnishes are colloidal dispersion or solution of synthetic' and/or natural resins in oils and/or thinners used as a
protective and/or decorative coating for various surfaces.

A. Oleoresinous varnishes are solutions of one or more natural or synthetic resins in a drying oil and a volatile
solvent.
B. Spirit varnishes, are solutions of resins in volatile solvents only, usually either methanol or alcohol
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 INDUSTRIES

Pacific Paint (BOYSEN®) Philippines, Inc.

Pacific Paint (BOYSEN®) Philippines, Inc. was
founded in 1953 as a repacker of paint and lacquer
thinners under the trade name Columbus. In 1958,
the company expanded its operations and started
paint production with the introduction of NATION®
House Paints, an economy grade paint.
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 INDUSTRIES

Davies Paints (DAVIES®) Philippines, Inc.

Davies Paints Philippines, Inc. started operations
in 1982 under the company name Charter
Chemical & Coating Corp., setting up its first
manufacturing plant and main office in Pasig
City, Metro Manila. In 1990, the company started
distribution of marine paints and heavy-duty
coatings in the Philippines
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 Videos

Video

A walk
through the
paint making
process

Previous Next
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 Videos

Video

Dunn-Edwards
Phoenix, AZ
Paint
Manufacturing
Plant

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 HUMAN HAZARDS

RESPIRATORY HAZARD
● Respiratory hazard severity is often greater for solvent-based paints due to their composition. Exposure risk is increased
while using solvent-based paints, due to use of reducing agents (organic solvents), and clean-up solvents, such as mineral
spirits or turpentine

SKIN HAZARD

● Many organic solvents cause defatting of the fats and oils of the skin causing it to become dry, scaly and irritated.
Prolonged contact to certain organic solvents may result in allergic skin contact dermatitis. Other organic compounds
may be absorbed through the skin causing long term systemic effects to the liver, kidneys and heart
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 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

● The most critical environmental impact from paints is the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the drying
process after the coating is applied.

● VOCs participate in the formation of ozone. In the presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sunlight, VOCs react with oxygen
in the air to produce ozone, the most toxic component of the form of pollution commonly known as smog.

● By far the greatest environmental impact is derived from the manufacture of Titanium Dioxide because of the numbers of
waste streams, including spent acid and metal sulfates.

● Paints contain solid pigments that can increase the turbidity of water. In addition to making the water “muddy” and
unsightly, they can cause particles to clog the gills of fish, and restrict their ability to breathe.
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 FIN

Thank you!
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