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Lambda Expression

Java lambda expressions provide a concise way to represent one-method interfaces using expressions. Lambda expressions allow implementing functional interfaces without having to define a separate class or method. They can be used to iterate, filter and extract data from collections and provide implementation for functional interfaces with less code than anonymous classes.

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Harshavardhan GR
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24 views

Lambda Expression

Java lambda expressions provide a concise way to represent one-method interfaces using expressions. Lambda expressions allow implementing functional interfaces without having to define a separate class or method. They can be used to iterate, filter and extract data from collections and provide implementation for functional interfaces with less code than anonymous classes.

Uploaded by

Harshavardhan GR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java Lambda Expressions:

==========================

Lambda expression is a new and important feature of Java which was included
in Java SE 8.
It provides a clear and concise way to represent one method interface using an
expression. It is
very useful in collection library. It helps to iterate, filter and extract data
from collection.

The Lambda expression is used to provide the implementation of an interface


which has functional
interface. It saves a lot of code. In case of lambda expression, we don't need to
define the method
again for providing the implementation. Here, we just write the implementation
code.

Java lambda expression is treated as a function, so compiler does not


create .class file.

Functional Interface:
---------------------------

Lambda expression provides implementation of functional interface. An


interface which has only
one abstract method is called functional interface. Java provides an anotation
@FunctionalInterface,
which is used to declare an interface as functional interface.

Why use Lambda Expression:


-------------------------------

1. To provide the implementation of Functional interface.


2. Less coding.

Java Lambda Expression Syntax:


----------------------------------

(argument-list) -> {body}

Java lambda expression is consisted of three components.

1) Argument-list: It can be empty or non-empty as well.


2) Arrow-token: It is used to link arguments-list and body of expression.
3) Body: It contains expressions and statements for lambda expression.

No Parameter Syntax:
----------------------
() -> {
//Body of no parameter lambda
}

One Parameter Syntax:


------------------------
(p1) -> {
//Body of single parameter lambda
}
Two Parameter Syntax:
------------------------
(p1,p2) -> {
//Body of multiple parameter lambda
}

Without Lambda Expression:


-----------------------------

interface Drawable{
public void draw();
}
public class LambdaExpressionExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int width=10;

//without lambda, Drawable implementation using anonymous class


Drawable d=new Drawable(){
public void draw(){System.out.println("Drawing "+width);}

};
d.draw();
}
}

With Lambda Expression:


----------------------------

@FunctionalInterface //It is optional


interface Drawable{
public void draw();
}

public class LambdaExpressionExample2 {


public static void main(String[] args) {
int width=10;
//with lambda
Drawable d2=()->{
System.out.println("Drawing "+width);
};
d2.draw();
}
}

Java Lambda Expression Example: No Parameter:


-----------------------------------------------

interface Sayable{
public String say();
}
public class LambdaExpressionExample3{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Sayable s=()->{
return "I have nothing to say.";
};
System.out.println(s.say());
}
}
Java Lambda Expression Example: Single Parameter:
----------------------------------------------------

interface Sayable{
public String say(String name);
}

public class LambdaExpressionExample4{


public static void main(String[] args) {

// Lambda expression with single parameter.


Sayable s1=(name)->{
return "Hello, "+name;
};
System.out.println(s1.say("Harsha"));

// You can remove/ignore parentheses


Sayable s2= name ->{
return "Hello, "+name;
};
System.out.println(s2.say("john"));
}
}

Java Lambda Expression Example: Multiple Parameters:


------------------------------------------------------
interface Addable{
int add(int a,int b);
}

public class LambdaExpressionExample5{


public static void main(String[] args) {

// Multiple parameters in lambda expression


Addable ad1=(a,b)->(a+b);
System.out.println(ad1.add(10,20));

// Multiple parameters with data type in lambda expression


Addable ad2=(int a,int b)->(a+b);
System.out.println(ad2.add(100,200));
}
}

Java Lambda Expression Example: with or without return keyword:


---------------------------------------------------------------------

In Java lambda expression, if there is only one statement, you may or may not use
return keyword.
You must use return keyword when lambda expression contains multiple statements.

interface Addable{
int add(int a,int b);
}

public class LambdaExpressionExample6 {


public static void main(String[] args) {

// Lambda expression without return keyword.


Addable ad1=(a,b)->(a+b);
System.out.println(ad1.add(10,20));

// Lambda expression with return keyword.


Addable ad2=(int a,int b)->{
return (a+b);
};
System.out.println(ad2.add(100,200));
}
}

Java Lambda Expression Example: Multiple Statements:


-------------------------------------------------------

@FunctionalInterface
interface Sayable{
String say(String message);
}

public class LambdaExpressionExample8{


public static void main(String[] args) {

// You can pass multiple statements in lambda expression


Sayable person = (message)-> {
String str1 = "I would like to say, ";
String str2 = str1 + message;
return str2;
};
System.out.println(person.say("time is precious."));
}
}

Java Lambda Expression Example: Creating Thread:


--------------------------------------------------

we can use lambda expression to run thread. In the following example, we are
implementing run
method by using lambda expression.

public class LambdaExpressionExample9{


public static void main(String[] args) {

//Thread Example without lambda


Runnable r1=new Runnable(){
public void run(){
System.out.println("Thread1 is running...");
}
};
Thread t1=new Thread(r1);
t1.start();
//Thread Example with lambda
Runnable r2=()->{
System.out.println("Thread2 is running...");
};
Thread t2=new Thread(r2);
t2.start();
}
}
Java Lambda Expression Example: Comparator:
--------------------------------------------------

import java.util.*;
class Product{
int id;
String name;
double price;
public Product(int id, String name, float price) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
}
}
public class LambdaExpressionExample10{
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Product> list=new ArrayList<Product>();

//Adding Products
list.add(new Product(1,"HP Laptop",25000));
list.add(new Product(3,"Keyboard",300));
list.add(new Product(2,"Dell Mouse",150));

System.out.println("Sorting on the basis of name...");

// implementing lambda expression


Collections.sort(list,(p1,p2)->{
return p1.name.compareTo(p2.name);
});
for(Product p:list){
System.out.println(p.id+" "+p.name+" "+p.price);
}

}
}

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