“IELTS Academic Writing Recent Actual Tests (Task 1) 2023 & Sample

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writing part one charts, maps, or diagrams with sample answers.

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1
 Introduction to Writing Task 1 Academic

IELTS Writing Task 1 Academic requires you to write at least 150 words in
response to a graph, table, chart, or process. Factual information will be
presented and you’ll be asked to select and report the main features of
the data in under 20 minutes. Most universities require a score of 6.5 OR 7,
you can learn with this book to score a high band as well.

Writing Task 1 (Academic) is divided into two parts:

● The first is to achieve a band score of 6.5+

● The second is to achieve a band score of 7.5+

What is IELTS Writing Task 1 Academic?

In IELTS Academic Writing Task 1, you will be shown a diagram, a visual
way to represent information. You may be shown one or more than one
diagram. This visual information can be shown as:

● Map Label
● Bar Chart
● Pie Chart
● Table Chart
● Process Diagram
● Flow chart
● Line graph
● Combinations

Map Make sure you organize your response into three main parts, the
introduction, an overview, and the main features supported by figures
from the diagram.

2
 What does the IELTS Writing Task 1 Academic consist of?

The IELTS Writing Task 1 asks you to write a summary of at least 150 words
about some visual information, usually in the form of a graph or chart. You
will need to pick out the main features and describe and compare the
data given.

As part of the task, you will need to

1. Write an introduction
2. Write an overview (a summary of what you see)
3. Present and highlight the key features with figures (data)
4. Academic Task 1 does NOT need a conclusion.

Before that make sure to do the following:

● Comprehend the writing task 1 marking criteria first.

● Ensure to use of a variety of vocabulary
● Craft the overview paragraph.
● Check the IELTS Writing Task 1 grammar and sentence structure.

Ideally, your essay should have 4 paragraphs:

Paragraph 1 – Introduction
Paragraph 2 – Overview
Paragraph 3 – 1st main feature
Paragraph 4 – 2nd main feature

3
 How Am I Going to be Marked Writing Task 1 Academic?

IELTS examiners must hold relevant teaching qualifications and extensive

teaching experience to be able to become qualified IELTS examiners.
These qualified examiners mark your Writing test against clearly defined
assessment criteria and their performance is subject to an extensive and
detailed review on a regular basis.

Your Writing test is marked by between 2 and 4 examiners to ensure the

highest level of accuracy and fairness in the marks awarded. The
assessment criteria used by examiners are the same for both the General
Training and Academic tests.

Your answers in Writing Task 1 are assessed against the following criteria:
task achievement, coherence and cohesion, lexical resource and
grammatical range, and accuracy.

Let us give you a clear view with an example:

IELTS Writing Score Task 1 IELTS Writing Score Task 2

Task Achievement: Band 7 Task Achievement: Band 6

Coherence and Cohesion: Band 6 Coherence and Cohesion: Band 7

Lexical Resource: 8 Lexical Resource: 8

Grammar: 7 Grammar: 6

Adding all these scores makes a total of 82. To make an average score,
82 must be further divided by 12. So, 82÷ 12 = 6.83 . Hence, 6.83 is the total
IELTS writing score of the candidate.

4
 Learning Pathway

Here’s a student learning pathway you will follow. The rest of the learning
pathway can be seen as a study guide so please follow this pathway:

Band Descriptors: The IELTS band score descriptors explain the scoring

to help you calculate and understand your score.

⬇️
Understanding Different Question Types: The first step to performing

well on IELTS Writing is understanding the different types of questions.

⬇️
Study Method: Our study methods will guarantee sure-shot success in

the IELTS Writing test and ace it with higher band scores.

⬇️
Tips & Tricks: Our tips and tricks will help you prepare well and ensure

good band scores on your first attempt.

⬇️
Practice With Help: Candidates' chances of getting a high band score

can be boosted by practice, so attempting all question types will help

them become more efficient for the examination.

⬇️
First CheckPoint: There’ll be performance checks for you to evaluate
your scores, and understand where you lack, and where you can
improve.

5
 Band Descriptors

Grammatical
Coherence Lexical
Band Task response range and
and cohesion resource
accuracy

Good use of
Wide simple and
Improperly
vocabulary - complex Mostly correct
6.5-7 addressing – a
paraphrases structures- grammar
few errors
without error some
mistakes

Complex
structures
Limited loss of All positive
Flexible with better
coherence - some features of Band
vocabulary - flexibility -
repetition - 6 and a few
7.5-8 awareness of error-free
self-correction - positive
style and sentences -
use of good features of Band
collocation. few
connectives 8 as well.
grammatic
al mistakes

6
 Wide
occasional vocabulary -
Flexibility -
repetition – a few errors –
Variety of occasional
coherent topics occasional
structures - lapses – easy
development - inaccuracies -
error-free - - Different
Address all parts of effective
8-9 Range of types of
the task with paraphrasing
vocabulary structures with
relevant, fully - Use
with minor flexibility and
extended, and cohesion –
errors accuracy - no
well-supported proper
errors
ideas management
to paragraph

Band score Explanation

8-9 Complete understanding of English with fluency and accuracy.

Good understanding of English with complex and detailed

7.5 - 8
argumentation. Occasional inaccuracies in unfamiliar situations.

6.5 - 7 Excellent use of the language in certain situations

7
 Common Types Of Questions In IELTS Writing Task 1
Academic
Let’s dig in deeper into the types of questions asked in Writing Task 1
Academic.

Map
Task 1 map questions usually consist of two maps that have undergone a
change. The maps are usually of a landscape, an island, or a town. In the
introduction – you may use “illustrate”, to describe a location – you may
use the “cardinal directions like north, east, etc” and in the conclusion –
you may use “Overall”.

Bar Chart/ Graph

Bars charts or bar graphs consist of rectangular bars, which can be
oriented horizontally or vertically, with the lengths proportional to the data
values that they represent. They are typically used for comparing two or
more values. In short, the IELTS bar graph represents a diagrammatic
comparison of distinct variables.

Pie Chart
Pie charts are circular charts divided into sectors or ‘pie slices’, usually
illustrating percentages. The size of each pie slice shows the relative
quantity of the data it represents. Together, the slices create a full circle.

Table Graph
In the Table Graph, you need to describe some visual information. Tables
contain words, numbers or signs, or a combination of these, displayed in
columns or boxes to illustrate a set of facts and the relationship between
them. Vocabulary for table graphs is similar to Bar graphs and line
graphs.

8
Process Diagram
A process diagram is an illustration that shows you how something is
done. It could be anything from the creation of a product to the recycling
cycle. Generally, there’ll be two types of process questions, the first is a
manufacturing process: something that humans do, and the second is a
natural process: something that occurs in nature.

Flow Chart
Flow chart is a diagrammatic representation that explains the workflow of
a process. a conventional flow chart represents an algorithm whereas an
IELTS Academic flow chart might be about a process too.

Line Graph
Line graphs can be used to show how information or data changes over
time. They have an x-axis (horizontal) and a y-axis (vertical). Line graphs
can be used when you are plotting data that have peaks (ups) and
troughs (downs). In other words, they highlight trends and are easier to
interpret than they may look.

Combinations
In IELTS Writing task 1, sometimes, there will be two or more different types
of charts and graphs. For instance, pie charts and bar charts, line graphs,
and pie charts. Combinations or Multiple charts usually include two
diagrams such as a bar chart and a line graph or a pie chart and a table
as in this sample question.

9
 General Vocabulary: Tabulated below are the general vocabularies that
can be used while writing the academic task 1 answers:

Graphs Maps: Processes/Flowcharts

1. Climb 20. Shoot up 39 Located

2. Consistent 21. Significant 40. Modify
3. Constant 22. Slump 41. Overlapping
4. Decline 23. Soar. 42. Relocate
5. Dip 24. Upward 43. Replace
6. Downward 25. Steady 44. Situated
7. Dramatic 26. Steep 45. Territory
8. Fluctuate 27. Substantial 46. Zone
9. Gradual 28. Surge 47. Ensue
10. Halve 29. Adjacent 48. Experience
11. Increase 30. Border 49. Follow
12. Leap 31. Boundary 50. Include
13. Marginal 32. Construct
14. Mode 33. Contour
15. Plummet 34. Elevation
16. Plunge 35. Encompass
17. Rapid 36. Expand
18. Rocket 37. Extend
19. Sharp 38. Intersection

10
 Study Method

How to start IELTS Academic Writing Task 1?

Go through the following steps to write a perfect IELTS academic writing

task 1:
● Study the marking criteria to know exactly what they need in your
essay;
● Go through the sample answers to get a comprehensive idea of the
structure, format, and facts to be included;
● The first paragraph is always for paraphrasing the question;
● Put all the major factual details to enhance the quality of the essay;
● Proofread the para once you complete it.

IELTS Writing Task 1: Preparation Tips:

Here are some preparation tips that should help you with score
improvement:

1. Evaluate the question before answering it.

2. Aim to identify groups of data, maximums, minimums, peaks, and
patterns.
3. Do not paraphrase or explain the graph presented to you for writing
task 1
4. Examiners want good vocabulary, grammar, and coherence in
report
5. Always write in simple or compound sentences for this section
6. Only good use of grammar can help you score 7.5 in this section.

11
 Writing Technique
Tips & Tricks to Ace Academic Writing Task 1

● When you write your answers, remember the examiners are

grading you on your expression. There are no wrong or right
answers.

● Examine the questions properly and see that you cater to all parts
of the question.

● Remember to stick to the word limit. If you happen to write lesser

than 150 words in Task 1 or lesser than 250 in Task 2, you will lose
marks.

● Always write the answers in your own language. If you use the
words from the question exactly, you will not be given marks for
the same.

● Do not use bullets in your answers, always write them in full.

Arrange your basic ideas into different paragraphs. This shows
the examiner how well you can organize your points.

● Do not concentrate on writing long and complicated answers.

Write well, coherently, and organize your thoughts well. Ensure,
your grammar is immaculate.

● When attempting Academic Writing Task 1, you will have to select

and compare relevant information from data presented in a graph,
table, or diagram. When writing the introduction, never copy the text
from the question. Always use your own words.

● In your essay, keep the last paragraph for a valid conclusion of all
the points you’ve made in the answer.

12
 ● Do not confuse singular and plural nouns. Always double-check
your answers for this common mistake.

● Remember, spellings are everything. Standard American, British,

and Australian spellings are all acceptable in IELTS.

How Do I Score Band 9 in IELTS Academic Writing Task 1?

You can improve your IELTS Task 1 (graph writing) band score and your
English proficiency by maintaining the subject, improving your grammar,
applying a wide-ranging and precise vocabulary, and generating
coherence and cohesiveness. Once you have mastered this task, keep in
mind the bigger picture by focusing on scoring highly on the entire exam.
To begin achieving that bigger objective, make sure you practice as much
as possible.

13
 Practice With Help
Here is a typical example of a question you could be asked in IELTS Writing
Task 1.

14
Here’s what you can do to write the Writing Task 1 Academic Essay
A. Introduce the graph/chart
B. Give an overview
C. Describe the main features
D. D. Give a short conclusion

A. Explain the graph or chart

To do this, you must rephrase the given information and explain what the
IELTS writing task represents. Develop paraphrasing skills to write an
introduction to the given chart or graph.

B. Provide an Overview

The major theme or standout fact from the graph or chart should be
clearly stated in this summary/ overview. Just describe what you see from
the chart in general, do not include information from the chart.

C. Identify the key characteristics.

Here, you can go into greater depth about the graph. Only the data should
be used as a reference. You must list the similarities and differences
between the two graphs. Here, comparative structures can be helpful.

D. Compose a short conclusion.

Although it's not quite compulsory, it is recommended that you add a

succinct conclusion. This should bring the entire essay together and might
even contain an important examination of the reasons why the trends
have occurred. Make sure you don’t go too far from the subject.

15
Exercise 1: Map Label Marks: 10

The maps below show university sports courts in 1990 and now.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main

features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

16
Write on your own.

17
Exercise 2: Bar Chart Marks: 10

The graph below shows the percentage of part-time workers in each

country of the United Kingdom in 1980 and 2010.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main

features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write on your own.

18
Exercise 3: Pie Chart Marks: 10

The pie chart shows the online sales for retail sectors in Canada in
the years 2005 & 2010. Summarize the information by selecting
and reporting the main features and make comparisons where
relevant.

Write on your own.

19
Exercise 4: Table Chart Marks: 10

Read the details given in the table below and answer the asked
question mentioned in the image itself.

Write the summary in under 150 words.

Write on your own.

20
Exercise 5: Process Diagram Marks: 10

The diagram below shows how instant noodles are

manufactured. Summarise the information by selecting and
reporting the main features, and make comparisons where
relevant.

Write on your own.

21
Exercise 6: Flow Chart Marks: 10

The flow chart illustrates the consequence of deforestation.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main
features. Write at least 150 words

Write on your own.

22
Exercise 7: Line Graph Marks: 10

The graphs below show the numbers of male and female workers
in 1975 and 1995 in several employment sectors of the republic of
Freedonia.

Write on your own.

23
Exercise 8: Combinations Marks: 10

The number of foreign students visiting X country in 2019 and

2020. Write the summary in 150 words.

Write on your own.

24
 Sample Answers

Exercise 1:

The map describes how a university sports court area has changed from
1990 to the present day. Looking from an overall perspective, it is readily
apparent that the number of total courts for tennis and basketball has
increased at the expense of parking and a park, while a formal building
with a gym now houses various exercise facilities. These changes allow for
more varied activities.

In 1990, on the left side of the map was a park with trees and grass as well
as a car park. Today, the park has been replaced by a large basketball
court and the car park by 4 tennis courts.

On the right side of the map, a structure to contain the various athletic
facilities has been erected with only the indoor pool and reception area in
the same position in the new building. The changing room beneath the
reception area and the pool has been lengthened and moved slightly to
the right so as to line up directly above a new, large fitness center. The
fitness center has replaced two tennis courts, now outside the main
building.

25
Exercise 2:

The bar chart shows the percentage of people who have part-time jobs in

the countries that make up the United Kingdom, both in 1980 and in 2010.

There has generally been a small increase in part-time workers from 1980

to 2010, except in Northern Ireland. The graph also shows that England and

Wales have far more part-time workers than Northern Ireland and

Scotland.

In 1980, 25% of people in England worked part time. The only country with a

greater percentage of part-time workers was Wales, with around 33%

working part-time. Both countries saw an increase in the percentage of

people working part time in 2010. In England, the percentage rose to over

30%, and in Wales, the percentage rose to just over 35%.

Scotland had the smallest percentage of part-time workers in 1980, with

just over ten percent. However, this rose to almost 20% in 2010 which is a

large increase. Lastly, Northern Ireland was the only country which had a

decreasing percentage of part-time workers. In 1980, it had around 15% of

people in part-time work. This decreased by a couple of percents in 2010.

26
Exercise 3:

The charts compare four retail sectors in Canada in terms of the

proportion of their internet sales in two years, 2005 and 2010.

Overall, the proportion of online sales for each of the four sectors changed
significantly from 2005 to 2010. While the figures for food and beverages
and video games increased, the statistics for the other two sectors fell. In
2005, the proportion of online sales of food and beverages was 22%, but
this rose to 32% in 2010. The percentage for internet sales of video games
also went up, by 5% from the 2005 figure of 18%.

In contrast, the percentages of online sales in the other sectors decreased.

The most dramatic fall was in the home furnishings retail sector. While this
figure was 25% of these four sectors’ total online sales in 2005, it fell to 15%
in 2010. There was also a decrease in the electronics and appliances
sector, which saw a fall from 35% in 2005 to 30% in 2010.

Exercise 4:

The table details age demographics and their relation to poverty in three
states in the United States of America. Looking from an overall
perspective, it is readily apparent that there are more young individuals in
Utah, while those over 60 in poverty are more common in California and
especially Florida. Average incomes are generally highest in California
and Florida and the largest proportion of total residents in poverty is
highest in California, followed by Florida, and lastly Utah.

27
In California, 16% of all residents are under the official poverty line, with 17%
of all residents under 18 years old and 13% over 60. These figures are
broadly similar to Florida where 12% of the population is in poverty (16% of
total residents under the age of 18 and a notable 23% over 60). In terms of
average income, California was recorded at $23,000 and Florida was
slightly lower at $22,000.

The figures in Utah are markedly different as only 9% of residents are

considered poor. Of the total population age demographics, 28% are
under the age of 18 but just 8% are elderly individuals. Additionally,
average earnings are lower than the other two states at just $17,000.

Exercise 5:

The diagram displays the production of instant noodles. Overall, it is an

automated process that consists of six main stages: mixing raw materials,
producing dough strips, making noodle discs, cooking, drying, and
packaging.

First of all, flour kept in storage silos is transported to a manufacturing

center by truck. There, it is combined with water and oil in a mixer to
create dough. The dough then passes through several rollers which knead
it until it becomes dough sheets that have a consistent texture and the
perfect thickness for instant noodles. Next, the sheets are cut by slitters
into dough strips, which are subsequently placed in molds to form noodle
discs.

The discs then go through the cooking process in which they are fried in
oil. Once fried, they are cooled and dried before being put into cups along
with packets of vegetables and spices. Finally, the cups are labeled and
sealed.

28
Exercise 6:

The provided illustration gives essential information regarding the impact

of deforestation. At a glance, deforestation brings an array of negative
consequences, including floods, reduced biodiversity, drought, and soil
erosion.

As per the presentation in the illustration, the primary consequence and

result of deforestation could be divided into four significant categories.
First of all, heavy logging tools and equipment compress the soil, making
it harder and baked. Owing to this, rainwater runs off, and devastating
floods hit.

Secondly, only a few roots manage to hold the topsoil in place, courtesy of
cutting trees from the forest, which ultimately leads to soil erosion.

Third, the risk of accidental or deliberate burning uprises and waste woods
from the logging is demolished. Micro-organisms depend upon the waste
lost, and pioneer species move in while the vegetation gets reduced. The
entire process turns out to be a massive loss of biodiversity.

Finally, deforestation leads to lesser moisture returning to the air by plants,

causing lesser precipitation. In turn, it gives rise to drought—all of this
cause less biodiversity.

29
Exercise 7:

The diagrams compare the male and female employment status in six
different job sectors in two different years – 1975 and 1995. As is seen from
the given illustration, men were well ahead of women in all the job sectors
in Freedonia in 1975. However, the scenario changed in 1995 and women's
employment scenario showed remarkable progress.

According to the charts, men in Freedonia were visibly ahead of females in

manufacturing, finance/banking, wholesale & retail trade, defense, and
non-defense sectors. In manufacturing, more than 600 male employees
could be seen against only 300 female employees out of a thousand
employees. Except in the communication sector, the proportion of male
employees was far greater than that of females. Among the given job
sectors, the public /non-defense sector had the highest number of
employees while the defense sector had the least ratio of employees.

After 20 years, women showed an outstanding advancement in these job

sectors and they went well ahead of men in the communication,
wholesale & retail trade sectors. They become almost equal in number in
finance and banking jobs while the gap between male and female
employees number reduced in defense jobs. The only sector still
dominated by males was manufacturing and the job ratio in this sector
remained almost the same as it was 20 years earlier.

30
Exercise 8:

The bar graph compares the proportion of XCountry foreign visitors in

2007 and 2008, while the table outlines the revenue of several businesses
yearly. The number of visitors is presented in thousands while the revenue
is measured in millions of dollars.

The bar graph indicates that there has been a decrease in the number of
foreign visitors. American and Canadian tourists witnessed the most
significant fall from around 2500 visitors to less than 500 visitors. The
same trend is also shown by European tourists. In 2007, the percentage
was almost the same as that of Americans and Canadians but then
reduced by more than half in 2008. Moving to Chinese and Japanese
tourists, there were around 3000 people visiting XCountry in 2007, but the
number declined by a third a year later. As far as Australian tourists are
concerned, the number experienced the slightest decrease and still made
up more than 2000 visitors in 2008.

The table shows that the income of several businesses has plummeted in
2008. In 2007, the annual income of hotels and resorts was 3.5 million
dollars. The number shrank to only half a million in 2008, representing the
biggest fall in the hospitality industry. Likewise, restaurants, bars, and
souvenir shops had an annual revenue of 2.4 million dollars in 2007. The
number decreased by half a year later. As for transportation and travel
agent, their income decreased by more than half to less than half a million
dollars. Unlike the three businesses aforementioned, tour guides, small
vendors and other services witness the slightest fall in yearly income and
still earned more than a million dollars in 2008.

31
 First Check Point
Performance Check

Let’s Tally Your Scores:

Exercise 1: __________/10

Exercise 2: __________/10

Exercise 3: __________/10

Exercise 4: __________/10

Exercise 5: __________/10

Exercise 6: __________/10

Exercise 7: __________/10

Exercise 8: __________/10

Total Score: __________/80

After every band completion, there’ll be performance checks for the

candidates to evaluate their scores for each question type out of 10 and
understand where they lack, and where they can improve. Hint: It could be
according to question type, accurate grammar, style of writing, and
spelling.

Marking Criteria

There are certain pointers listed below to help you to mark yourself out of
10 under each question type.

1. Introduction - (2.5 marks)

2. Body paragraph 1 - (2.5 marks)
3. Describing main feature - (2.5 marks)
4. Using general vocabulary as keywords - (2.5 marks)

Note: Please follow the Study method and ‘Practice with Help’ section
pointers to understand the marking criteria better.

32
 Now that you have understood the basics of

IELTS Writing Task 1 Academic, let’s dive into the

Practice Tests (Reports - Actual Mock Papers)!

 Map Labels
Report 1 1
Report 2 3
Report 3 5
Report 4 7

Bar Chart Pie Chart

Report 5 9 Report 9 17
Report 6 11 Report 10 19
Report 7 13 Report 11 21
Report 8 15 Report 12 23
Table Chart Process Diagram
Report 13 25 Report 17 33
Report 14 27 Report 18 35
Report 15 29 Report 19 37
Report 16 31 Report 20 39

Flow Chart Line Graph

Report 21 41 Report 25 49
Report 22 43 Report 26 51
Report 23 45 Report 27 53
Report 24 47 Report 28 55

Combinations

Report 29 57
Report 30 59
Report 31 61 Band 8.0 - 9.0
Report 32 63
 Map Labels
Report 1 66
Report 2 68
Report 3 70
Report 4 72

Bar Chart Pie Chart

Report 5 75 Report 9 83
Report 6 77 Report 10 85
Report 7 79 Report 11 87
Report 8 81 Report 12 89
Table Chart Process Diagram
Report 13 91 Report 17 99
Report 14 93 Report 18 101
Report 15 95 Report 19 103
Report 16 97 Report 20 105

Flow Chart Line Graph

Report 21 107 Report 25 115

Report 22 109 Report 26 117
Report 23 111 Report 27 119
Report 24 113 Report 28 121

Combinations

Report 29 123
Report 30 125
Report 31 127 The Book Begins!
Report 32 129
 SEGMENT 1

BAND 6.5 - 7.5

TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Report 1

SPRINGER TOWN

1
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Sample Answer

The two blueprints indicate the development of the settlement of Springer

from 1970 until the present, along with a legend which includes a compass
and eight different features, ranging from houses to shops, and farmland.

Over the course of the past half-century a great amount of urbanization has
taken place in Springer with the establishment of significant infrastructure,
and decrease of rural farmlands and forests.

Starting with the northwest of Springer, over the five decade period, houses
and forests have been replaced by apartment buildings, leaving
significantly less greenspace. Moving to the northeast, what was once a
forest, has been developed into an airport. In the central part of Springer,
much more retail venues have been built along with a school, again,
leading to the reduction of wooded areas, with some forest remaining to
both the east and the west. In the southern part of this settlement, 3/4 of the
agricultural land had been transformed into shops, housing, and apartment
buildings with just 1/4 of farmland remaining to the most south-eastern
corner of Springer. The forest to the west has remained intact.

By the looks of it both the infrastructure and population of Springer have

boomed since 1970, and this has also led to the construction of many new
roads to facilitate transportation.

Student’s Space:

2
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Report 2

3
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Sample Answer

The plans illustrate the development of a health center from 2005 to the
present day. Overall, it is clear that some major changes have taken place
to the health center.

First of all, the only room which remained unchanged in the health center
since 2005 is the physiotherapy room. There is an extra minor operations
room being added next to it, thus the size of the garden has decreased. In
the present day, there are more seats available to the patients than there
were in 2005.

Secondly, there are 4 consulting rooms now compared to that in the year
2005 which had only 3 rooms. The main entrance is, noticeably, shifted to
the bottom left corner of the health center with additional children's play
area. The reception desk is now placed near the entrance which is opposite
to the children's play area.

Lastly, the car park slots have been increased to 30 spaces in the present
day from only 12 spaces in the year 2005.

Student’s Space:

4
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Report 3

5
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Sample Answer

The map displays two potential sites for a new supermarket in Garsdon City,
with a population exceeding 65 thousand. The first site (S1) near Hindon
offers convenience for the local residents but may be less accessible for the
larger populations in Bransdon and Cransdon. The second site (S2) is
centrally located amidst industrial areas and housing, providing
accessibility for shoppers from all parts of the city.

The railway encircles the city, intersecting it centrally, and main roads
facilitate transportation. Housing is predominantly situated in the city's
North and South, with the town center located in the middle of the industrial
area. S1 is positioned in the north-west corner near Hindon, catering to its
approximately ten thousand inhabitants.

On the other hand, S2, located almost at the city center, benefits from
proximity to industrial zones and housing in the North and South. This
central position, along with the nearby railway, makes S2 an advantageous
location for communication and accessibility, connecting shoppers from all
three parts of the city.

Student’s Space:

6
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Report 4

7
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Sample Answer
The maps illustrate an industrial zone in Norbiton town currently and a
proposed redevelopment scheme for the whole area.

Overall, Norbiton will become more residential, so the factories will be

demolished to make way for new housing. Moreover, two new roads and a
mini roundabout will be built along with new shops, a medical center, and a
school.

Looking at the current layout, a main road runs from east to west with a
roundabout in the middle, which is surrounded by factories that extend to
the east. In the north, farmland is situated over the river. There are currently
no houses or other facilities in this industrial zone.

Regarding redevelopment, from the central roundabout a new road will

extend north and a bridge is to be constructed over the river with plans for
new housing on the farmland. In addition, a road extending northwest with
housing and shops is earmarked for construction. Next to the new mini
roundabout, a medical center will be built. To the east, a school and
playground are proposed with extra residential facilities. Notably, no
factories are expected to remain in the plans.

Student’s Space:

8
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Report 5

9
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Sample Answer
The bar chart outlines fast food consumption trends in the United States in
2003, 2006, and 2013. Overall, the frequency of fast food intake, defined as at
least once a week, generally decreased, with the exception of those not
consuming fast food, which saw a decline.

In 2003, 31% of individuals ate fast food once a week, slightly more than the
30% who consumed it once or twice a month. This pattern shifted in 2006,
with the once-a-week category rising to 34%, only to drop to 27% by 2013.
Simultaneously, those eating once or twice a month decreased to 25% in
2006 but surged to 34% in 2013.

For those consuming fast food several times a week, the figure was 17% in
2003, rose to 20% in 2006, and then declined to 15% in 2013. Meanwhile, the
percentage of individuals eating fast food a few times a year remained
stable at 13% in 2003 and 15% in the subsequent years.

The numbers for daily and never consumption were nearly constant. In
2003, 4% reported eating fast food every day, decreasing to 3% in 2006,
while those who never consumed fast food started at 5% and reached a low
of 4% in both 2006 and 2013

Student’s Space:

10
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Report 6

11
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Sample Answer
The chart shows the duration of leisure enjoyed by men and women in a
typical week in 1998-99, according to their gender and employment status.

Generally speaking, males enjoyed more leisure time than women, and
employed people had less free time for pastime activities than retired and
unemployed people.

Among the full-time employed people, men had about 45 hours of leisure
time on average per week compared to 38 hours for women. No data is
given for the part-time employed men. Women from this category enjoyed
40 hours of leisure time in a week. This figure is slightly more than the
employed women, perhaps because of their employment nature.

Unemployed and retired people had the longest period of leisure activity
both for men and women, and men had slightly more hours to spare than
women. As expected, the retired and unemployed people enjoyed about 78
to 82 hours per week which is longer than people from other employment
statuses. Lastly, housewives enjoyed approximately 50 hours of pastime
which was more than the employed women but less than the unemployed
and retired women.

Student’s Space:

12
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Report 7

13
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Sample Answer
The supplied bar graph shows data on the number of cell phone and land
phone users in seven countries in Europe and the American regions. As is
observed from the presentation, the number of landline users in Denmark,
the US, and Canada are higher than the number of cell phone users in these
countries. On the contrary, in Italy, Sweden, Denmark, and Germany cell
phone users are higher in number than land phone users.

In Italy, Sweden, the UK, and Denmark almost 80-90 percent of people use
cell phones. Among these six countries, Italian people are the highest in
percent in terms of cell phone usage whereas the highest percentage of
land phone users is found in Denmark which is almost 90%. The difference
between cell phone and land phone users is highest in Italy and in Denmark.
The lowest number of land phone users can be found in Canada.

In summary, North America has more land phone users than their cell
phone users and most of the European people prefer to use mobile phones
over land phones.

Student’s Space:

14
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Report 8

15
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Sample Answer

The bar graph compares the spending of 18-20-year-olds on food, clothes,

books, smartphones, and toiletries in 2010 and 2014 in a particular country.

Overall, it can be seen that the spending on all the products except books
and clothes rose with time. Furthermore, the maximum spending was done
on food in both years.

In 2010, the 18-20-year-olds spent roughly 3700$ million on food, which was
followed by clothes at about 2500$ million dollars. Smartphones and
toiletries accounted for about 2000$ million in spending each. The least
expenditure was done on books, with a figure of only $1000 million.

In the next four years, the expenditure on food, smartphones, and toiletries
increased and in 2010, about $4300 million was spent on food, whereas
about $2700 million was spent on smartphones. The amount spent on
toiletries rose minimally by about $100 million. By contrast, the spending on
books became nearly half. Lastly, the expense of clothes remained
unchanged at $2500.

Student’s Space:

16
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Report 9

17
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Sample Answer
The pie charts display water consumption for different purposes in six parts
of the world.

Overall, agriculture is the largest consumer of water in Central Asia, Africa,

Southeast Asia, and South America, while industry consumes more water
than other sectors in Europe and North America.

In Central Asia, Africa and Southeast Asia, a significant proportion of water

is used by agriculture, accounting for 88%, 84%, and 81% of water
consumption respectively. By contrast, in none of these three areas is the
proportion of water consumed by industrial or domestic users as high as
10%; the exception is Southeast Asia where industrial use reaches 12%.

At 71%, South America uses proportionally less agricultural water than the
three areas mentioned above. However, it has the greatest proportion of
residential water use of the six areas, at 19%.

In comparison, industrial use makes up the greatest proportion of water

consumption in Europe and North America, at 53% and 48% respectively.
Households, by contrast, are the smallest users of water in these two parts
of the world, at 15% in Europe and 13% in North America.

Student’s Space:

18
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Report 10

19
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Sample Answer
The pie charts show how the women's education scenario in Someland
changed by comparing the highest level of female education in 1995 with
that of five decades earlier. Overall, notable progress in education was
achieved by women in Someland.

According to the diagrams, more than one-third of women in Someland did

not receive any formal education in 1945 while another one-third dropped
out before they even completed their primary education. This is a
dismaying figure for women in terms of their schooling in Someland in 1945.
Moreover, almost a quarter of females merely finished their sixth and ninth
grades whereas only 4% made it to their 12th grades. Merely 1% of these
women were awarded their first-degree certificates while none of them
earned the post-graduation qualification.

However, after fifty years, the progress was remarkable when one in every
five women in Someland finished their post-graduation, half of them
earned their first degree and all women finished at least grade 9. No women
in Someland in 1995 were deprived of their education and 20% of them
finished school years to finish their 12 grades.

Student’s Space:

20
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Report 11

21
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Sample Answer

The pie chart shows the UAE government’s budget spending in different
sectors in 2000. As is presented, the UAE government had an AED 135 billion
budget for the year 2000 and they used the highest amount for ensuring
social security.

According to the pie chart, the UAE administration allocated AED 100 billion
in social security from their national budget of AED 315 billion. This single
sector cost the UAE government almost one-third of the total budget. This
year the government's expense was 53 million on health and personal
social services, which was the second largest sector in terms of expenditure
made by the UAE government. 38 million AED was spent on education while
23 billion was both on debt and other expenditures.

The government used 22 billion for the Defence sector and 13 billion for the
industry, employment, and agriculture sectors. The lowest amount of
money, only 9 billion, went to the transport sector. Finally, 15 billion of the
budget was spent on housing and the environment.

In summary, the UAE government's maximum spending went into social

security and healthcare sectors while the least amounts were spent on
transport, law and order, housing, and industry/agriculture and
employment sectors.

Student’s Space:

22
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Report 12

23
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Sample Answer

The given charts illustrate the seven different categories of how Americans
spent their money in two years 1966 and 1996.

Overall, it is apparent that needs to change with time. In the first year,
people spent a big chunk of their money on food, but after certain decades
people spent money on cars for transportation.

To begin with, two main categories on which Americans spent their

maximum money all the time were Food and cars. Together they consumed
over half of the household spending. Food accounted for 44% of spending in
the beginning, but this dropped to 14% in 1996. However, the spending on
cars doubled, rising from 23% in 1966 to 45% in 1996.

Furthermore, with other categories, a nearly equal amount was spent on

petrol in both years but in 1996 people spent 14% of their money on
restaurants, double the amount they spent in 1966. Americans showed less
interest in buying furniture, so that’s why the amount declined by 2% in 1996
and was recorded as 8%. In 1966, people were unaware of the computer, so
they spent only 1% of their money in this category, but it jumped to 10 in
1996. On the other hand, the percentage of spending on books fell from 6%
to 1%.

Student’s Space:

24
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Report 13

Sample Answer
The table illustrates the proportion of factory staff and factories in England
and Wales over 50 years from 1851 to 1901.

Overall, the table indicates that the total number of employees witnessed a
significant drop throughout the whole period, whereas the number of
factories increased substantially over the fifty year timeframe.

Regarding employee numbers, male factory staff in 1851 comprised 287,100

compared to190,000 females. The figure declined rapidly for males in the
years after 1851 dropping to a low of 31,000 in 1901. Figures in the female

25
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

category also witnessed a sharp decline dropping to 160,000 in 1861, which

was more than that of male workers at the time. By 1901 female employee
numbers were almost equal to males at 30,000. In total, the workforce figure
plummeted from 477,100 in 1851 to 61,000 by 1901.

Looking at the data for factories, these accounted for 225 in 1851. Then the
figure jumped sharply after 1861, peaking at 721 factories by 1881. In the
following 20 years numbers dropped slightly, totalling 600 factories by 1901.

Student’s Space:

26
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Report 14

Sample Answer
The data presented in the table outlines how much leisure time people from
different age groups spend yearly in Someland. It is obvious that watching
TV is a popular form of free-time activity for Somelanders.

According to the figures, watching TV is a common recreation among

people in Someland, teenagers and older people watch TV even more. They
spend over a thousand hours per year watching different TV programs
while it ranging from 400 to 700 hours among others. Young people have
more friends to socialize with but this number decreases when they grow
up. Teens spend as much as 350 hours socializing with 4 or more friends
while it is only 25 to 50 hours for adults and elders. On the contrary, people
in their thirties spend the highest time socializing with fewer people.

27
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Individual exercise is preferred by people in their 30s and 40s while group
exercise is more popular among teenagers. Elderly people mostly refrain
from doing exercises in their free time. Watching the cinema is not a
common leisure activity among Somelanders and teenagers spend 100
hours doing so which is higher than the time spent in this pursuit by citizens
of other ages.

Student’s Space:

28
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Report 15

Sample Answer
The table compares the property rent per week in three areas in London and
also shows the required salary to be able to afford to rent these properties.
A quick glance at the table reveals that Notting Hill is the most expensive
area among the three in terms of its property rent while it is comparatively
cheaper to rent accommodation in Fulham.

Now turning back to the details, the weekly rent of one-bed property in
Notting Hill is around £375 which increases to £485 for a two-bedroom
apartment and as high as over £700 for a three-bedroom house. To be able
to support the property cost in Notting Hill it is suggested that someone has
to earn from around £99,000 to £195,000 per annum. The house rent in
Regent’s Park starts from £325 for a small house and ends at £650 for a big
house. It is clear that the rent in this area is comparatively cheaper than

29
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

that of Notting Hill and the salary that someone should earn to hire
properties in Regent’s Park ranges from roughly £85,000 to £170,000. Finally,
the property rent in Fulham is the cheapest among the three areas of
London which vary from £215 to £600 for a one to three-bedroom
apartment. The earning requirement to live here also decreased and
ranges from £56,000 to £157,000 per year.

Student’s Space:

30
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Report 16

Sample Answer
The table compares the oil production in four different African countries,
Nigeria, Chad, Congo Brazzaville, and Cote d’Ivoire from 2000 to 2004.

Overall, it can be seen that Nigeria registered the highest oil production in
all the years. Also, while the oil production in Chad and Cote d’Ivoire
increased, it fell in Congo Brazzaville and fluctuated in Nigeria.

There was no oil production in Chad from 2000 to 2002. In 2003, Chad
produced about 50,000 barrels, and this increased and reached 290,000
barrels in 2004. Similarly, Cote d’Ivoire’s production also increased from
8000 barrels in 2000 to 45,000 barrels by 2004. On the other hand, the
production of oil in Congo Brazzaville decreased continuously. In 2000,
280,000 barrels of oil were produced in Congo and its production fell by
10,000-20,000 barrels year by year and reached 205,000 barrels in 2004.

31
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Finally, oil production in Nigeria varied. In 2000, 2,000,000 barrels were

produced and this increased slightly to 2,100,000 by 2001. However, in the
next year, production fell by 200,000 barrels. From 2002 onwards production
increased continuously and in 2004, a production of 2,200,000 barrels was
recorded.

Student’s Space:

32
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Report 17

Sample Answer
The above given diagram depicts the process of cloning a Sheep Embryo
through a flowchart. The process is complicated as is evident from the
diagram itself. A lot of scientific methodology goes into cloning.

From the first glance at the diagram one can conclude that the process of
reaching from Sheep to Embryo is five steps long. Then an additional step of
impregnating a Sheep is involved so that the cloned Sheep can be
delivered.

33
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

In the first step, two female Sheep viz. A & B are chosen. Sheep A contributes
a body cell whose DNA strain is taken out in the second step. From Sheep B
the Egg Cell is derived whose Nucleus is removed in the third step. For the
fourth step, DNA from Sheep A, and the Egg cell (without nucleus) from
Sheep B is fused together to form a zygote. This zygote then undergoes
cellular multiplication to form an embryo.

The resultant embryo is then placed not the uterus of another female Sheep
named C here. After the gestation period is over, Sheep C delivers a lamb
which is a clone of Sheep A due to its DNA.

Student’s Space:

34
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Report 18

35
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Sample Answer
The given diagram shows how a central heating system of a house works.
As is observed from the illustration, the central heating machine comprises
several mechanical aspects and forms a complex system.

According to the given illustration, for the central heating machine to work
the cold water supply is required and this water flows to the storage tank
and the overflow pipe is there to store the excess water in storage. The
water is passed through a boiler which is either gas or oil driven and a
pump is connected with it. The radiators are connected with the boiler and
these radiators are made of small tubes. When the cold water passes
through the pump and boiler, it gains temperature and becomes hot water
and from the water taps, the house members get hot water. Thus the whole
system that covers the house keeps it warm.

In summary, the central heating system mainly works by flowing water

through the house and increasing the temperature of it.

Student’s Space:

36
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Report 19

37
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Sample Answer
The diagrams show the process of cement production and then how this
cement is used for concrete production. As is observed from the graph,
cement production involves some complex processes, and concrete
production is done using water, cement, and sand in a concrete mixer.

The first diagram depicts that, to produce cement first the limestone and
clay are crushed and the produced powder from this is passed through a
mixer. The power is then passed via a rotating heater where heat is supplied
constantly and this process creates the raw cement materials which are
passed on a grinder machine to finally produce the cement. The cement is
then packed and marketed for sale.

The second diagram presents how concrete is produced for housing and
building work. In the first stage, 15% cement, 10% water, 25% sand, and 50%
small stones are mixed in a concrete mixer machine and the machine
rotates fast to have the ingredients mixed together to create the concrete.

Student’s Space:

38
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Report 20

39
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Sample Answer
The given diagram shows different stages of brick manufacturing for the
building industries. Generally speaking, brick production involves 7 steps,
starting from the digging stages and ending at the delivery stage.

As is given in the graph, the first step of brick manufacturing is digging the
clay with a large digger. This clay is then filtered and processed in a roller
machine and then mixed with sand and water. In the third stage, the
mixture is either kept in a mold or cut in a wire cutter to make the raw shape
of the bricks. In the next step, the shaped raw bricks are dried for 24 to 48
hours in a drying oven. After that, the dried raw bricks are kept in a kiln, both
at moderate and high temperatures, up to 1300 degree centigrade, and
then placed in a cooling chamber for about 48 to 72 hours. This process
makes the brick to be packed and delivered in the final two steps. The
delivery process is the final process of brick manufacturing and as it is
noted, brick-making is a moderately complex process that requires some
predefined work to make it usable.

Student’s Space:

40
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Report 21

Sample Answer

The given diagram details the process of obtaining a driving license in the
US.

In general, it can be seen that there are three tests that need to be passed
in order to get a driving license, which are, an eyesight test, a written
theoretical examination, and a practical driving examination.

The first thing one needs to do to get a driver’s license is to register in a

driving license centre, and fill out the appropriate forms. After that, an

41
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

eyesight test is required. If the applicant passes this test, he will carry on to
the 2nd stage.

After paying the required fees, applicants will take a written test and will
have two extra chances to retake the test if they fail. Once the written exam
is successfully passed, a practical road exam will be carried out. It is
obligatory to pass both exams to get the driver’s license. However, if one
fails the road examination, they can still get the license by paying the fees
again and reattempting both tests.

Student’s Space:

42
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Report 22

43
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Sample Answer

The given flow chart illustrates the process of developing a manuscript into
a published book (or the process by which a book is published. )

Overall, it is vivid that the process involves twelve stages, beginning with the
preparation of the manuscript and ending with the sending of final pages to
the printer.

In detail/ in a detailed analysis, in the initial step, the author writes a

manuscript, which is then sent to a publishing house for assessment. If
necessary, the material is returned for revisions to the writer, and this cycle
of the process is repeated until it passes the assessment stage. Following
that, the project is discussed in pre-production meetings. Once the
publishing schedule has been arranged, a production team is brought
together for carrying out the further steps.

Moving further, before the book is sent to the editor and the writer for
checking, it is edited and produced in the galley stage. Following this,
illustrations are commissioned and the work is again checked by the author
and editor. This is then converted into first-page proofs, which are once
again checked by both the editor and author before moving on to
second-page proofs. Subsequently, these proofs are sent to the printer.

Student’s Space:

44
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Report 23

45
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Sample Answer
The provided flowchart shows a systematic depiction of the consumer
goods production process, encompassing various stages from raw material
acquisition to final product sales. Initial steps involve procuring raw
materials and manufactured components, stored until the production
process is meticulously planned. Production planning, a pivotal stage,
integrates product research and design considerations. The subsequent
stages unfold sequentially, encompassing assembly, inspection, testing,
and packaging, culminating in the dispatch of the finalized product to
consumers.

The cyclical nature of the process is highlighted by feedback loops. Storage

is informed by production planning feedback, and sales contribute
feedback that influences both product planning and market research.
Market research and testing, in turn, offer feedback for product design
refinement. This iterative feedback mechanism fosters continuous
improvement and modifications at each stage of the production cycle,
ensuring the efficiency and quality of consumer goods.

Overall, the flowchart illustrates a comprehensive and dynamic approach

to consumer goods production, emphasizing the interconnectedness of
various stages and the continuous refinement process.

Student’s Space:

46
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Report 24

Sample Answer
The flow chart shows what happens after too many trees have been cut
down in a forest or jungle. There are four immediate results of this
deforestation; however, they lead to two main consequences, which are
flooding and a loss of biodiversity in the region.

One of the immediate results of forests being clear-cut is that the heavy
logging machinery that is used compresses the soil, thus causing the
ground to become hard and developing a “baked” texture. When it rains,
instead of soaking into the ground, water simply runs off. This causes
flooding, which is the first of the two main negative outcomes.

47
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Other results of clear cutting are that fewer roots are left to hold the topsoil
in place, causing erosion. There is also an increased risk of forest fire, which
causes waste wood and thus a loss of the organisms that would otherwise
feed upon it. Additionally, with fewer plants and trees, there is less moisture
returned to the air, resulting in less precipitation and therefore more
drought in the area. All of this leads to a degradation of vegetation and, as
a result, less biodiversity.

Student’s Space:

48
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Report 25

Sample Answer
The given line graph displays the variation in monthly payments made by
drivers for car insurance over a year. Overall, the graph illustrates a gradual
rise in the number of monthly payments from January to July, followed by a
gradual decrease in payments made from August through December.

Looking closely at the chart, it is apparent that January had the lowest
number of payments throughout the year, with a total of 800. However, this
figure increased to 1,000 in February and continued to rise each month until
reaching a peak of 2,400 payments in July. This indicates a notable 150%
increase in the number of payments made between January and July.

49
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Subsequently, the number of payments made started to decline, reaching

its lowest point in December with 1,200 payments. It is worth noting that this
was still a 50% increase from the number of payments made in January.
Notably, the graph depicts a steady pattern of payments without any
significant spikes or declines throughout the year.

To conclude, the line graph highlights the fluctuations in monthly payments

made by drivers for car insurance over a year. Although there is an evident
increase from January to July, the graph indicates a gradual decline in
payments for the rest of the year.

Student’s Space:

50
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Report 26

51
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Sample Answer
The diagrams compare the male and female employment status in six
different job sectors in two different years – 1975 and 1995. As is seen from
the given illustration, men were well ahead of women in all the job sectors in
Freedonia in 1975. However, the scenario changed in 1995 and women's
employment scenario showed remarkable progress.

According to the charts, men in Freedonia were visibly ahead of females in

manufacturing, finance/banking, wholesale & retail trade, defense, and
non-defense sectors. In manufacturing, more than 600 male employees
could be seen against only 300 female employees out of a thousand
employees. Except in the communication sector, the proportion of male
employees was far greater than that of females. Among the given job
sectors, the public /non-defense sector had the highest number of
employees while the defense sector had the least ratio of employees.

After 20 years, women showed an outstanding advancement in these job

sectors and they went well ahead of men in the communication, wholesale
& retail trade sectors. They become almost equal in number in finance and
banking jobs while the gap between male and female employee’s number
is reduced in defense jobs. The only sector still dominated by the male was
manufacturing and the job ratio in this sector remained almost the same as
it was 20 years earlier.

Student’s Space:

52
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Report 27

53
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Sample Answer
The line graph shows the accumulated amount generated through the
sales of gold on a monthly basis in Dubai throughout the year 2012. The
sales amount is given in million Dirhams for every month in 2012. A glance
at the diagram reveals that in March the sale amount was the highest and
the average monthly sale of gold was between 100 and 200 million Dirhams.

According to the line graph, total sales of gold were 200 million Dirhams in
January 2002 in Dubai and this amount rapidly increased in the next two
months. In March, the sales amounted to 350 million Dirhams, the highest in
the year but afterward, the sales amount steadily declined till July when the
gold sale was recorded at just over 110 million Dirhams. August’s gold sales
went abruptly higher, over 200 million but it then dropped suddenly to 110
million again. Sales of gold climbed in the next month, October but
remained almost stable for the rest of the year at around 170-180 million
Dirhams. At the end of the year, Dubai's gold sale was recorded at
approximately 185 million Dirhams, almost the same as it was at the
beginning of the year.

Student’s Space:

54
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Report 28

55
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Sample Answer
The graph shows changes in the birth and death rates in New Zealand since
1901, and forecasts trends until 2101.

Between 1901 and the present day, the birth rate has been consistently
higher than the death rate. It stood at 20,000 at the start of this period and
increased to a peak of 66,000 in 1961. Since then the rate has fluctuated
between 65 and 50 thousand and it is expected to decline slowly to around
45,000 births by the end of the century.

In contrast, the death rate started below 10,000 and has increased steadily
until the present time. This increase is expected to be more rapid between
2021 and 2051 when the rate will probably level off at around 60,000, before
dropping slightly in 2101.

Overall, these opposing trends mean that the death rate will probably
overtake the birth rate in around 2041 and the large gap between the two
levels will be reversed in the later part of this century.

Student’s Space:

56
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Report 29
Table Chart and Bar Graph

57
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Sample Answer

The table shows the highest value exports from the USA in 2021 and how
these figures changed in comparison with the previous year. The bar chart
gives information about the proportion of overall USA exports which were
sent to the UK between 2010 and 2020.

Overall, sales of the five highest value USA export sectors declined between
2010 and 2020. Furthermore, the most valuable export from the USA was
electric cars and the least valuable was petroleum.

Exports of e-vehicles were still the top export product by overall value in
2021 but still saw a significant fall of 40% to 28bn. Petroleum declined
sharply, by almost a third, to 17 bn. Exports of gold and jets fell more
gradually and were both valued at just over 20bn. Conversely, overseas
sales of medication saw a modest increase of 1.5%.

Exports to the UK as a proportion of the USA’s overall international trade

were in steady decline from 2010 to 2020, from a high of 60% to a low of
around 40% a decade later in 2020.

Student’s Space:

58
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Report 30
Bar Graph and Pie Chart

59
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Sample Answer

The bar chart summarizes how much C02 is discharged for one-kilometer
travel by a passenger in different transportation and the pie chart shows
the ratio of the European Union’s expenditure for a variety of transport
systems. Generally speaking, air travel emits the highest amount of Carbon
Dioxide and the EU spends the most on road carriers.

As can be seen, one-kilometer air travel for a passenger is responsible for

roughly 375 grams of CO2 emission which is significantly higher than that of
other modes of travel. A car passenger contributes to approximately 130
grams of CO2 while this is nearly 70 grams for a bus commuter. Coaches,
rails, and maritime vehicles produce almost 50 grams of CO2 for
one-kilometer passenger travel.

According to the pie chart, more than half of the EU budget is spent on the
road transport system which is the highest. Nearly one-third of the budget
is allocated for rail transport while one-tenth goes to public transport.
Despite emitting the highest CO2 per traveler, air transports receive only 1%
of the EU’s budget. All other transport systems receive 1-2% of the EU budget
each which is relatively much lower than the spending on roads and
railways.

Student’s Space:

60
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Report 31
Line Graph And Pie Chart

61
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Sample Answer
The illustration demonstrates how people’s tendency to have outside meals
augmented between 1970 and 2000 and the ratio of food budget they spent
on homemade food and restaurant meals. Generally speaking, people ate a
higher number of outside meals over time and their spending on that
increased noticeably.

As can be seen, people spent one-tenth of their food budget to dine outside
in 1970 and had around 40 meals outside the home of which 20 meals were
taken from fast food shops. Next decade, their expenditure ratio on
homemade food declined and they spent 5% more enjoying meals from a
restaurant. In 1980, they ate approximately 60 meals at a bistro of which
roughly 35 were fast food meals. Over time, their spending ratio on
restaurant meals soared, and in 2000, they had around 90 fast-food meals
and 50 sit-down restaurant meals. It is worth noticing that this tendency
swelled their food budget for cafeteria meals as they spend half of their
food funds to enjoy outside meals.

Student’s Space:

62
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Report 32
Line & Bar Graph

63
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Sample Answer
The first graph shows the trend in world population growth between 1800
and 2100, while the second graph gives projected urban population figures
for the next 25 years.

The world population has experienced continuous growth since 1800.

Between 1800 and 1950, the population grew slowly from just under 1 billion
to 2.5 billion people. After that, the growth rate increased and currently, the
figure is around 6.5 billion. Projections show a continued increase in
population in the near future, but a steady decline in the population growth
rate. The global population is expected to peak at 8.2 billion by 2050, and
then decline to around 6.2 billion by 2100.

The predictions also show that almost all urban population growth in the
next 25 years will occur in cities of developing countries. In developed
regions, on the other hand, the urban population is expected to remain
unchanged at about 1.3 billion people over the next two decades.

The graphs show that the global population increase will not occur evenly
throughout the world, but will be greater in some areas than others.

Student’s Space:

64
PERFORMANCE

Let’s Tally Your Scores:

MAP LABELING: __________/10

BAR CHART: __________/10

PIE CHART: __________/10

TABLE CHART: __________/10

PROCESS DIAGRAM: __________/10

FLOWCHART: __________/10

LINE GRAPH: __________/10

COMBINATIONS: __________/10

TOTAL MARKS: _____________/80

After every band completion, there’ll be performance checks for

the candidates to evaluate their scores for each question type
out of 10, and understand where they lack, and where they can
improve. Hint: It could be according to question type, accurate
grammar, style of writing, and spelling.

65
 SEGMENT 2

BAND SCORE 8.0 - 9.0

TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Report 1

NELSON CITY

66
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Sample Answer

The two maps show the main changes which have taken place in the town
of Nelson between the year 2000 and today.

In general, it appears that Nelson has become a much more modern city,
with far more shopping and transport facilities.

One interesting change is that a new trans line has been built, to connect
the university with the town centre. In 2000, there wasn't any
accommodation for students, but a hall of residence has been built near the
university. Another striking change is that the old market in the west of the
city has been knocked down to make way for new shops. A completely new
covered market has also been built on the other side of town.

If we look at the port area, it has been pedestrianized since 2000, and a
range of entertainment facilities have been built, such as restaurants, bars
and clubs. The north-east of the city used to be a green area, with lots of
trees, but the trees have been cut down, and a new shopping complex has
been constructed. A final interesting development has been the
introduction of a bike-rental scheme in the city centre.

Student’s Space:

67
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Report 2

68
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Sample Answer

The maps depict the transformation of Grange Park from 1920 to the present
day, showcasing substantial renovations to enhance recreational
opportunities. Initially established in 1920, the park underwent significant
changes, introducing a cafe, theater, playground, and parking facilities.

Over time, entertainment amenities, including an expanded stage and

recreational areas, were incorporated. Relocations were notable, with only
entrances and a minor garden remaining unchanged. The removal of a
fountain saw the introduction of a rose garden surrounded by seating. The
former musician stage on the left became a larger amphitheater facing a
new direction, requiring the removal of seating and a rose garden.

Changes in the top-right section included the removal of a water plant

pond, replaced by a children's play area and a newly constructed cafe
nearby. A water feature now occupies the bottom right corner. The number
of rose gardens reduced to two, and an underground car park was added in
the lower right. Overall, Grange Park's evolution reflects a strategic revamp,
offering a more diverse range of amenities for visitors.

Student’s Space:

69
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Report 3

70
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Sample Answer

The maps depict an island before and after some renovation works for
tourists and compares the changes on the island for the construction.
Generally speaking, many new facilities have been constructed for tourists,
including accommodations, restaurants, swimming facilities, etc. and those
have been built without affecting the natural resources that much.

Before the facilities were constructed, there were only trees and a beach on
the island and most of the places were empty. On this island, many new
tourist facilities have been made including accommodation facilities, a
restaurant, a reception center, a pier for boating, a swimming facility on the
beach, and so on. Interestingly plants and trees were not cut down to build
these constructions and most of the constructions were made near the
beach.

Besides, footpaths and roads for commuting have been built to facilitate
the tourists. The footpaths were made to walk between the residing places
and the beach while the motor tracks were created to visit the restaurant,
reception area, and pier for boating.

In summary, the construction was mainly made to facilitate the tourists'

stay, visit, and amusement and for that, no plants or trees were cut.

Student’s Space:

71
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Report 4

Birshire (present)

72
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Birshire (future plans)

Sample Answer
The given maps describe the changes which have been planned for the
town of Birshire. In summary, Birshire will have undergone a drastic
transformation from a rural town into an urbanized area in the future. New
infrastructures like roads, a car park, a supermarket, and a sports center will
have been added.

First and foremost, all the farms from Birshire will have been removed in the
days to come. Griffiths Farm, which is in the top right corner of the map, will
have been replaced by a supermarket, whereas Hoolahan Farm, which is
currently on the right side of McGoldrick Road, will make way for a parking
lot. Moreover, the Farmer’s Market, which is beside Corbie Road, will no
longer be there in the future.

73
TYPE 1: MAP LABELS

Furthermore, apart from the addition of a roundabout at the junction of

McGoldrick Road and That Street, Corbie Road will be extended beyond That
Street. The open field at the bottom right of the map will be the venue for the
construction of a Sports Center. Together with the removal of the shops
from the bottom left, more houses will have been erected.

Student’s Space:

74
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Report 5

75
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Sample Answer

The bar graph illustrates the amounts of investment in bonds and stocks in
Somecountry from 2001 to 2006. It is noticeable that the money used to buy
bonds and stocks showed an upward trend throughout the entire period.

In 2001, stock investments started at 210 billion, which was almost double
the amount of bonds, at 100 billion. The stock figures slightly rose by 6 billion
in 2002, and in the following year it continued to increase to 227 billion.
Similarly, the amounts of money that were invested in bonds went up
gradually in the two following years to 123 and 157 billion respectively.

There was a surge of investment on stocks in 2004 (289 billion) before it

continued to climb further and peaked at 311 billion in 2006. In contrast, only
a small increase in money used to buy bonds was seen in 2004 (162 billion).
The flow of funds to bonds then steady grew to 179 billion in 2005 before
peaking at 188 billion in the last year of the period.

To sum up, stocks have been the most popular investment from 2001 to
2006.

Student’s Space:

76
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Report 6

77
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Sample Answer

The provided column graph summarizes the result of a study and indicates
what people in five different countries think to be the appropriate age to be
allowed to have certain rights and responsibilities. Generally speaking,
citizens’ opinion regarding the right age for marriage, voting, and
prosecution for crime greatly varies.

As is given in the illustration, people in Japan and the UK opine that they
should not marry until they are at least 20 years old while Americans believe
that this age should be exactly 18. On the contrary, Mexicans and Egyptians
agreed that they should be allowed to get married just after they cross 15. In
terms of voting power, the Japanese state that 20 years is the right age for
them while Americans and Egyptians express it should be 18. Both British
and Mexicans want their voting right at 16 years, on the contrary.

Finally, American people give their opinion that someone should be

charged by the law for committing any crime when they become 12 years
old. Japanese seem to have a different opinion as they believe that
someone should not be charged with a criminal offense until they turn 18
years. Survey participants in the other three countries expressed that before
14 they should not be punished by law for any misdeed.

Student’s Space:

78
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Report 7

79
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Sample Answer
The provided bar graph compares the number of male senior developers in
three major software companies namely IBM, Microsoft, and Apple between
1980 and 2010. As is presented in the graph, Initially Apple had the largest
percentage of senior development employees but after 30 years IBM
employed the largest percentage of such employees.

As is presented in the bar graph, initially in 1980, IBM had less than 3% senior
male developers while Microsoft had 8% and Apple had about 15% such
senior developers. After a decade, in 1990 to be exact, the percentage of
senior male developers became almost the same for these companies. In
1995, the percentage of senior male employees in IBM became the highest
and this kept on increasing till 2010. Finally, in 2010, IBM had the largest
percentage of such employees making more than 60% while Microsoft had
45% and Apple had about 25% of such senior developers.

In summary, the number of male senior developers increased in all three

companies but the rate of increase in IBM and Microsoft was far higher than
in Apple.

Student’s Space:

80
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Report 8

81
TYPE 2: BAR CHART

Sample Answer
The bar chart reveals the daily number of hours that British people from
various age groups spend engaged in leisure activities by themselves and
with other people.

Overall, it can be seen that the British spend more of their leisure time with
others than alone across all age groups, with the youngest and oldest
members of the population spending the most leisure time with others. In
addition, time spent alone generally increases with age.

The amount of leisure time that people in the United Kingdom spend with
others peaks between the ages of 8 and 15 at a little over 5 hours per day. It
then declines to a low of approximately 3.5 hours a day between the ages of
25 and 34, before gradually rising again as people age, reaching around 4.5
hours per day for those aged over 65.

When it comes to leisure time spent alone, the overall trend is similar for
those aged over 16, albeit from a lower base. Leisure time spent alone drops
from just under 2 hours per day for those aged 16 to 24 to a little over 1 hour
per day for those aged 25 to 34, before slowly rising to just under 3 hours per
day for the oldest age group. However, whereas those between the ages of
8 to 15 spend the most leisure time with others, they spend the smallest
amount of leisure time by themselves at around 1 hour a day.

Student’s Space:

82
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Report 9

Sample Answer

The pie charts display the online shopping market shares of 4 different retail
sectors in New Zealand in 2003 and 2013.

Overall, while the travel and clothing industries both experienced a decline
in sales, film/music and books both showed an increase. It is also
noteworthy that the film/music industry overtook travel as the leader in
online shopping in 2013.

The travel sector accounted for the greatest proportion of total sales on the
Internet in 2003, at 36 percent; however, this number decreased
significantly to 29 percent in 2013. Although the clothing sector had the

83
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

second biggest market share in 2003 at 24 percent, its share fell

dramatically to only 16 percent in 2013.

Just over a fifth of online sales in New Zealand were made in the film/music
industry in 2003. However, this industry became the market leader in 2013,
controlling a 33 percent share of the market. The book industry also saw its
online sales figures grow, from 19 to 22 percent.

Student’s Space:

84
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Report 10

85
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Sample Answer
The pie charts outline the employment scenarios of British males and
females in six job sectors in 1992. It is obvious that manual jobs were
predominantly done by males whereas a higher percentage of females did
clerical jobs. Moreover, managerial and craft-related jobs were engaged by
a higher proportion of both genders.

As the illustration indicates, more percentages of British males worked in

manual sectors, except in craft-related industries, compared to their
female counterparts. For instance, 2% of general laborers in Great Britain
were men while the female laborers’ ratio was half of that. Moreover, 24% of
males worked in numerous other manual jobs while this was only 3% for
females. Nevertheless, 27% of females in craft-related industries marginally
exceeded the ratio of males in the same sector.

Looking further into the data, non-manual professions included managerial

& professional, clerical, and other non-manual jobs. Interestingly, the
employment rates of females in clerical jobs were five times higher than
that of males. This is the job category that many females (31%) we engaged
in. Besides, over one-third of males were in managerial and professional
jobs while almost 30% of females were in these positions as well.

Student’s Space:

86
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Report 11

87
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Sample Answer

The pie charts enumerate a survey result which compares the type of
cultural and free-time activities boys and girls participate in. At first glance,
boys generally prefer computer games, and outdoor sports while girls
mostly participate in activities like dancing, gymnastics, and reading.

As is presented in the diagrams, more than one-third of boys play

computer games while one-quarter play basketball. Moreover, nearly one
in five boys play soccer, and one-tenth of them like to skateboard. It is
prevalent from the illustration that boys mostly play games and take part in
outdoor sports. The reading habit among boys is very poor as only 2% of
them read. Interestingly, listening to music is an activity which is enjoyed by
an equal percentage (10%) of boys and girls.

Moving to the girls’ activities, playing computer games is not as popular

among girls as it is among boys. The most popular pursuits among girls are
dancing (27% pick this up) and reading (more than one-fifth are active
readers). Among outdoor sports and activities, gymnastics and netballs are
common among female children as 11% and 15% participate in these two
outdoor activities. Interestingly, the ratio of reading among girls is
considerably higher than that of boys.

Student’s Space:

88
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Report 12

89
TYPE 3: PIE CHART

Sample Answer
The provided charts illustrate the percentage of vacationers who chose
different types of accommodation between 1988 and 2008.

It is noticeable that the proportion of holidaymakers staying at hotels and

rented apartments experienced an upward trend while the opposite was
true for the other types of accommodation. Also, the figures for staying with
family were consistently highest over the given period.

In 1988, staying with family was the most popular choice among
vacationists, at 52% while the converse held true for rented apartments, at
only 7%. The percentage of holidaymakers choosing rented apartments
increased significantly to 22% in 2008. By contrast, the figure for staying with
family jumped slightly to 54% in 1998 before dropping to 44% at the end of
the period.

In 1988, holidaymakers staying at hotels accounted for 26%, whereas those

who opted for camping made up only 15%. Over the next 20 years, the
proportion of tourists staying at hotels declined to 12%. However, the figure
for camping increased to 22% in 1998 and remained stable until 2008.

Student’s Space:

90
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Report 13

Sample Answer

The data table displays the advertising expenditure of the four car
companies in millions of dollars, in the United Kingdom during 2002.

Overall, Renault was the top spender on advertisement, with TV attracting

the highest expenditure. The companies' expenses varied for Press, Cinema,
and Outdoor advertising, but they allocated identical budgets toward radio
promotion.

Renault took the top spot for promotional expenses, investing a total of 132
million dollars, while the other three companies each spent 100 million
dollars. TV received the highest advertising expenditure, with a total of 239
million dollars from all four companies. The advertising type hierarchy
consisted of TV, followed by Press, with Renault leading the advertising

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TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

companies, and Vauxhall coming in second place. In terms of radio

promotion, each of the four companies invested an equal sum of 15 million
dollars.

On the other hand, Cetirizine spent the most, 70 million dollars, on TV

advertisements, with Vauxhall following behind. Outdoor and cinema
promotions received the least amount of expenditure. Finally, TV obtained
the largest percentage of advertising expenses among all four companies,
and Renault was the top spender for advertisement purposes.

Student’s Space:

92
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Report 14

93
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Sample Answers
The table data compare the monthly expenses of an average family in
Australia for the years 1991 and 2001.

Overall, monthly expenditure by an average Australian family had not

increased that much in 10 years, from 1991 to 2001, and expenses on
electricity, water, housing, and non-essential goods and services somewhat
increased while the expenses on clothing and transport decreased over
time.

As is presented in the table, the average expenditure of an Australian family

per month was AUD 675 in 1991 while this reached AUD 715 after 10 years.
This shows that the average expenditure of an average Australian family
had not increased significantly. In 1991, the expenditure on non-essential
goods and services was $250 which was the highest among the given
categories. This reached $270 in 2001 which was also the highest amount
among the given expense categories in 2001. The expenses on food &
housing were $155 and $95 consecutively in 1991 and both of these
expenses increased by only 5 dollars after 10 years. Interestingly the
monthly amount spent on clothing and transport decreased over the
decade and reached $20 and $45 in 2001. The expenses on food, housing
and electricity & water increased and the highest increase was for
electricity and water.

Student’s Space:

94
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Report 15

95
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Sample Answer
The given tables show data on the consumption of beer and fruit juice in ten
different countries. As is presented in the tables, Irish and German people
consume the highest amount of beer per person while the Canadian and
American people consume the highest amount of fruit juice per person per
year.

According to the first table, Irish people consume the highest amount of
beer per person in a year, amounting to 155 liters while Finnish take 79 liters
per year on average. German and Australian citizens take more than 100
liters of beer each year while they take about 34-38 liters of fruit juices per
person per year. People of Belgium and Denmark both take 98 liters of beer
while people of the UK, Australia, the US, and Netherlands consume less
than 90 liters of beer on average. Finnish people take the least amount of
beer on average, amounting to 79 liters per person annually. On the other
hand, people of these given countries drink less than half of the amount of
fruit juice they drink. Canadian people drink the largest amount of fruit juice
contributing to 52.6 liters per person annually, while this amount is less than
50 liters for all other countries. New Zealand people consume the least
amount of fruit juice each year on average.

In conclusion, people of the given countries drink more beer than fruit juices
on average.

Student’s Space:

96
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Report 16

97
TYPE 4: TABLE CHART

Sample Answer
The table shows the percentage of women in senior management positions
in three companies from 1975 to 2015.

While more women were in senior positions at Finsbury Ltd than the other
two companies in 1975 at 16%, the trend was fairly erratic with a 2% drop to
14% in 1980, followed by a rise of 1% five years later. In 1990, women held 7%
more top management jobs than in 1985. After a slight drop back to 20% in
2000, by 2015 26% of top posts were filled by women.

By contrast, at Eldan Ltd women fared much better. In 1975, 3% of senior

posts were occupied by women with no change five years on. By 1985, the
figure had increased to 14%, doubling to 28% in 1990. Ten years afterward,
there was a 5% increase in female senior management jobs with a nearly
twofold jump in 2015 to stand at 64%, the highest for the three companies.

The situation was less remarkable at Bamforth Ltd than at the other two
firms except for the year 2015. In 1975, the percentage of senior posts held
by women was 9% climbing at the rate of 2% in each subsequent period
until 2000, after which it leaped to 46%.

From the data, it is clear that women dominated senior posts at Eldan by
2015.

Student’s Space:

98
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Report 17

99
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Sample Answer

This flowchart shows the differences and similarities in the life cycles of
glass and plastic containers, from creation and use to recycling and
re-creation.

This diagram reveals both similarities and differences in the way that
plastic and glass goods are made, recycled, and then made anew. The
processes have more differences than similarities, but there are some more
significant differences in the earlier stages of the recycling process.

The initial collection and transport of both goods are the same. However,
after that, glass is sorted by color and may then be immediately crushed,
while plastic is sorted by quality and must be bundled before it can be
shredded.

Once the glass is crushed and the plastic is shredded, the processes
become more similar again. At this point, both the glass and plastic pieces
are washed, and then melted and reshaped into new products. These final
steps are nearly identical, although the melting and reshaping of the glass
must be done by two separate machines rather than one.

Student’s Space:

100
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Report 18

101
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Sample Answer

The diagram shows how carbon moves through various stages to form a
complete cycle. This report will give a brief description of the main stages in
this cycle.

First, we can see that energy from the sun is transformed into organic
carbon through a process in plants known as photosynthesis. This organic
carbon is then transferred underground when plants, and the animals that
feed on them, die and decay. Some of this carbon is trapped underground
in the form of fossils and fossil fuels.

Carbon is also released back into the atmosphere, however, through

various means. One is when animals and plants respire, and another is
when humans burn fossil fuels in cars and factories. All this carbon enters
the atmosphere as CO2. It is then reabsorbed by plants, and the cycle
begins again.

Overall, we can see that carbon moves in a natural cycle, although human
factors may now be affecting the balance.

Student’s Space:

102
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Report 19

103
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Sample Answer

The process shows how sugar is made from the sugar cane plant. Looking
from an overall perspective, it is readily apparent that this natural and
man-made process involves 3 main stages beginning with initial
harvesting, followed by a chemical transformation, and finally separation
into the end product of sugar.

The first stage is a natural phenomenon and begins with sugar cane being
grown over a 12 – 18 month period. The mature plant is then harvested
either by hand or large, industrial farming machinery. Then from that point,
the stalks are crushed in a grinder which results in raw sugar cane juice.

The juice is then run through a limestone filter and poured into an
evaporator inside of which it is heated, reduced, and becomes syrup over
time. The syrup is next separated from the sugar crystals using a centrifuge
prior to being dried and cooled in its final form as sugar.

Student’s Space:

104
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Report 20

105
TYPE 5: DIAGRAM

Sample Answer
The diagram shows the various stages of milk processing methods and the
production of dairy products, milk packets, and their techniques.

Looking at the diagram as a whole, it is evident that there are eight stages
involved in this milk production process that starts with cows grazing and
ends with the final products reaching the demanded customers.

To begin with, milk production starts with the cows grazing, and then they
are milked by the automated milking machine twice a day. In the next
stage, the fresh milk is stored in a huge refrigerator storage before delivery
to the dairy. The processes of milk collecting, storing, and transporting to
dairy factories are repeated daily.

Once fresh milk is delivered to the dairy, some of the milk is pasteurized and
packaged to prepare for delivery. Moreover, the remaining milk is converted
into dairy products such as cheese, cream, and butter. Ultimately, the final
products are moved to supermarkets for sale to customers.

Student’s Space:

106
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Report 21

107
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Sample Answer

The online shopping process is a dynamic interaction involving the buyer,

the merchant, and the credit company. It begins with the buyer placing an
order for a product online and providing their credit card details. This
initiates a crucial phase where the merchant company verifies the
authenticity of the card and checks for the availability of funds.

During this verification process, the credit card can either be accepted or
rejected. If accepted, the order proceeds successfully, and the retail
company proceeds to request the necessary funds from the credit
company. This marks the penultimate step where the Credit Company, in
turn, disburses the demanded amount to the retail company, completing
the transaction.

If the credit card is rejected, a notification is sent to the merchant from the
credit card company. This sets off a series of actions culminating in the
cancellation of the order by the merchant. Simultaneously, a notification is
dispatched to the buyer, informing them of the canceled purchase.

This intricate process ensures a secure and seamless online shopping

experience. The verification steps not only authenticate the buyer but also
protect the merchant and credit company from potential fraudulent
transactions. The communication loop among the three entities – buyer,
merchant, and credit company – ensures transparency and swift resolution
in the event of a rejected transaction, upholding the integrity of the online
shopping ecosystem.

108
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Report 22

Sample Answer

The illustrated flow chart is a clear presentation of sweater production in a

clothing factory in Bangladesh. Overall, the process consists of sixteen
stages commencing with the collection of yarn and culminating in the
shipping of the products.

At the beginning of the chart, yarns are collected and then sent to the
distribution section. Here, the yarns are wound and distributed into knitting
panels. Next, the knitting of the sweater panels is done after which the
panels are inspected online for the first time. Afterward, the panels are
linked in the linking section. In the following stage, another inspection is

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TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

made over the Internet. Next comes the trimming, light checking, and
mending process. When mending, if any problem is found, the faulty
products are sent back to the winding section. After that, holes are made for
attaching buttons. Subsequently, the sweaters are washed, labeled, and
ironed and then, the third inspection is made by the factory quality team.
Thereafter, all the sweaters are folded and packaged. After the ultimate
inspection, the sweaters are finally sent for shipment.

Student’s Space:

110
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Report 23

111
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Sample Answer

The two flow charts describe circles of poverty, however, they look at them
from different perspectives. The first flow chart looks at poverty from an
institutional level, while the second looks at it from the perspective of an
individual.

Overall, it can be seen that at both levels, individual and institutional,

poverty perpetuates itself.

The first flow chart explains how poverty results in the lack of a critical mass
for service and infrastructure, which can lead to lower business creation.
This in turn leads to fewer jobs and the moving away of workers, so they can
find a job elsewhere. If workers begin to move away, then the population
density of the cities decreases, which then again influences the lack of
mass needed for the infrastructure. And so the circle continues.

The second flow chart looks at the more personal hardships of poverty,
starting with low income, low assets, and low education in an individual. Low
education leads to a lack of skills and a lack of capital, which makes it even
harder for an individual to generate income. This provides an individual with
only low security against economic and health risks and can lead to debt
and a further loss of income.

Student’s Space:

112
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Report 24

113
TYPE 6: FLOWCHART

Sample Answer
The given flow chart illustrates the process of obtaining a driving license. It
is clear from the graph that there are many steps involved in the process.

First of all the person has to visit a license center and complete the
application form. After the form is submitted, the person has to take the eye
test. If he fails in the eye test then he is not applicable for the license and the
process ends there. However, if the person passes the eye test, then he pays
the fee and takes the written test. The written test can be taken three times
for the same fee, but if the person fails the written test three times then the
fee has to be paid again. On clearing the written test the person is eligible
for the driving test. On clearing the driving test the person finally gets the
license, but if the driving test is not cleared then the person has to pay the
fee again before re-taking the driving test. Only after the driving test is
cleared, the license is issued to the person.

Overall it can be seen that many steps are involved in getting a driving
license.

Student’s Space:

114
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Report 25

115
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Sample Answer

The graph illustrates trends in music buying habits between 2011 and 2018. It
presents three different methods: streaming, downloading, and buying CDs.

Overall, both downloads and physical sales of music have steadily declined.
The latter has slumped since 2011, while the downturn for the former began
in 2014. However, there has been a sharp rise in people streaming music
since 2013.

In 2011, the majority of music sales were of CDs, at 55% of all sales. In
contrast, streaming was not common at all at only 5%. Also, although
people had started to download music, it only represented 35% of sales. As
sales of CDs began to fall, downloads started to rise. They rose steadily and
downloads overtook physical sales in mid-2013. During the same period,
streaming doubled to 10% but then it started to grow more dramatically.

Downloads peaked in 2014 at about 43% of sales but fell to 30% by 2018. This
was slightly higher than physical sales, which shrank to 25%. Streaming, on
the other hand, overtook both of them and accounted for just over 40% of
sales in 2018.

Student’s Space:

116
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Report 26

117
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Sample Answer
The line graph gives data on the proportion of children with respect to the
total young population in the UK between 1990 and 2001. The proportion of
children is categorized into four age groups. Overall, the ratio of infants,
between 0 to 4 years old, declined over the period while the 10 to 14 years
youngsters’ percentage increased in the UK.

As can be seen in the diagram, just over a quarter of the UK children were 15
to 19 years old in 1990 while a similar proportion was 0 to 4 years old at that
time. Just over 24% of young British were between 5 to 9 years old while 23%
of them were 10 to 14 years old. With an increase from 1990 to 1992, the
proportion of infants kept on decreasing and in 2001 accounted for over 23%
of total youth. With a steady slump till 1996, 15-19 years old constituted a
quarter of young British in 2001.

Moving further, for 10-14 years the British dominated the young generation
in the UK with a steady increase in their percentage in later years despite
their least proportion in early years. Finally, 5-9 years British children were
over 26% during 1995-1997 but their ratio declined and finally stood at just
over 25% in 2001.

Student’s Space:

118
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Report 27

119
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Sample Answer

The line graph gives data on the birth rate, death rate, and total population
of England and Wales over the span of three centuries, from 1700 to 2000. As
a general trend, the population in England and Wales increased
overwhelmingly after the 19th century and the death rate declined while the
birth rate after 1950 went upward.

As the diagram suggests, the population of England and Wales at the

beginning of the 18th century was only 3 million which went as high as 10
million in 50 years. During the next 50 years, the population noticeably
declined and reached just over 3 million again at the beginning of the 19th
century. However, rapid population growth could be observed and it soared
in the following centuries before reaching 50 million in 2000.

The birth rate, childbirth per 1000 people, in England and Wales was 30 in
the year 1700, which grew to 40 after 50 years. The death rate, the number
of mortality per 1000 people, followed a similar trend and reached almost
38 in 1750. Afterward, both the birth and death rates sank steadily and
reached just over 20 in 1950 with some fluctuations in the preceding
decades. After that, the birth rate sharply increased and skyrocketed while
the death rate stabilized. In 2000, the birth rate in the UK and Wales was as
high as 34 while the death rate was 20.

Student’s Space:

120
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Report 28

121
TYPE 7: LINE GRAPH

Sample Answer
The chart illustrates the proportion of people using different methods to
access news from 1995 and the prediction for 2025.

Overall, while the Internet gained more popularity during the given period,
the opposite was true for the remaining figures. These trends are likely to
continue in the future.

The percentage of people who watched news programs on TV was nearly

70% in 1995. The figure then decreased gradually to 55% in 2020, despite a
slight rise of 3% in 2010. It is then likely to finish at exactly 50% in 2025.
Additionally, starting at about 55%, the figures for newspapers and radios
experienced similar downward trends, declining to about 30% in 2020. The
expectation is that approximately 30% of people will use newspapers, and
roughly 23% will listen to the radio to get news.

Despite only becoming available in 1995 and attracting only a small

proportion of people in 2000, the Internet quickly became prevalent in the
next 20 years, with 40% of people using it. The figure is predicted to increase
to about 55% in 2025, overcoming newspapers to become the most
common method to access news in 2025.

Student’s Space:

122
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Report 29
Table Chart & Line Graph

123
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Sample Answer

The table illustrates the percentage of the population visiting cinemas and
the average annual visits to the cinema, whereas the line graph compares
the cinema visits according to different age groups from 1996 to 2000, in
Australia.

Overall, the percentage of people attending the cinema increased, whereas

the average annual visits decreased over the given time. In general, all age
groups followed a similar trend and the yearly visits to cinemas fluctuated
from 1996 to 2000. The 14-24 year olds were the most fond, but those over
50 were the least fond of cinema.

In 1996, 62% of people went to the cinema. This percentage rose sharply to
72% by 1997, but after that remained fairly stable till 2000. The average
yearly visits stood at 10.3 in 1996. This figure went up minimally to 11.1 by
1997. In the next year, there was a fall in cinema visits and then the number
stabilized at nearly 8.3 by 2000.

In 1996, the number of visits to the cinema was between 10 and 15 /year for
all the age groups, with the older age group visiting the cinema slightly less
than the younger age groups. All the age groups followed the same trend
with the number of visits fluctuating from 10 to 25/year over the rest of the
given period.

Student’s Space:

124
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Report 30
Bar Graph & Table Chart

125
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Sample Answer

The diagrams give data on the global market of robotics in billion dollars
from 2000 and give predictions until the year 2025. Overall, the market for
robotics will significantly progress in the coming years and its industrial use
will be predominant.

According to the bar chart, the worldwide robotics business in 2000 was less
than 10 billion dollars and in the next decade, it almost trebled. The
outreach of robotics in the global market is predicted to go higher than 40
billion in 2020. Finally, in 2025, this is estimated to jump to approximately 70
billion dollars.

As the table data suggests, personal use of robotics was ignorable in 2000
but it reached 4 billion dollars in 2015. It is forecasted that personal use of
robotics technology will go as high as 9 billion dollars in 2025. Commercial
use is also expected to rise and expand to 16 billion dollars in 2025 at which
point industrial use of robotics would be the highest, 26 billion dollars to be
exact. Finally, military use of this technology was 2 billion dollars in 2000
and it is projected to be 15 billion in 2025.

Student’s Space:

126
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Report 31
Pie Chart & Bar Graph

127
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Sample Answer

The pie chart shows the yearly duration of four different in-house
professional training sessions in a large company while the bar graph
outlines what managers and secretaries think about it. Overall, the duration
of technical training is higher than other types of training and most of the
managers and secretaries of this company opine that these training
sessions are important for their job.

According to the illustration, the yearly duration of technical training is 30

hours which is exactly double and triple that of career and interpersonal
skills development training. Health and safety-related sessions have the
least duration, 5 hours per year to be precise.

The bar graph reveals that more than 80% of secretaries and roughly 77% of
managers find these training sessions helpful for their jobs. One out of ten
employees does not take it positively as they think it kills their time. Half of
the managers and over 40% of secretaries consider the training as an
opportunity to expand their network. Finally, more than 6 out of ten also feel
that these training sessions bring good excuses for a change.

Student’s Space:

128
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

Report 32
Bar Graph & Pie Chart

129
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

NUMBER OF VISITORS (million)

1975 2005

SOUTH KOREA 2.9 9.1

JAPAN 3.2 12.0

CHINA 0.3 0.8

USA 0.4 1.1

BRITAIN 0.9 2.9

EUROPE 1.1 4.5

Total 8.8 30.4

Sample Answer
The line graph illustrates the continuous growth in foreign visitor numbers to
Australia from 1975 to 2005, tripling over the period. Japan, South Korea, and
Europe experienced the most significant increases. In 1975, non-resident
visits were nearly 10 million, escalating to slightly over 30 million in 2005.
While the annual increase was typically around 5 million, it surged to almost
10 million between 1985 and 1995.

Analyzing the table, South Korea, Japan, and Europe emerged as primary
sources of tourists, contributing 2.9, 3.2, and 1.1 million respectively. Over
three decades, these figures nearly quadrupled to 9.1, 12, and 4.5 million

130
TYPE 8: COMBINATIONS

respectively. Other countries, such as China, the USA, and the UK, also
experienced growth but to a lesser extent: from 0.3 to 0.8 million, 0.4 to 1.1
million, and 0.9 to 2.9 million, respectively.

Notably, Japan, South Korea, and Europe exhibited the most substantial
growth in contributing visitors to Australia, making them the leading
sources over the entire period.

Student’s Space:

131
PERFORMANCE

Let’s Tally Your Scores:

MAP LABELING: __________/10

BAR CHART: __________/10

PIE CHART: __________/10

TABLE CHART: __________/10

PROCESS DIAGRAM: __________/10

FLOWCHART: __________/10

LINE GRAPH: __________/10

COMBINATIONS: __________/10

TOTAL MARKS: _____________/80

After every band completion, there’ll be performance checks for

the candidates to evaluate their scores for each question type
out of 10, and understand where they lack, and where they can
improve. Hint: It could be according to question type, accurate
grammar, style of writing, and spelling.

132
 Fulfilling Dreams Beyond Boundaries!

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