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Lecture 6 Explained

Constructors in Java are used to initialize objects, and include default, parameterized, and copy constructors. The document demonstrates a Student class with a parameterized constructor to set name and age, and a copy constructor to copy values from one Student object to another.

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10 views

Lecture 6 Explained

Constructors in Java are used to initialize objects, and include default, parameterized, and copy constructors. The document demonstrates a Student class with a parameterized constructor to set name and age, and a copy constructor to copy values from one Student object to another.

Uploaded by

anwartufailwazir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In Java, constructors are special methods used to initialize objects of a

class. They have the same name as the class and do not have a return
type. Constructors are called automatically when an object of the class is
created. There are several types of constructors in Java:
Default Constructor: If a class does not have any constructor defined
explicitly, Java provides a default constructor automatically. This default
constructor initializes instance variables to their default values and takes no
arguments.
public class MyClass {
// Default constructor (provided by Java if not explicitly defined)
public MyClass() {
// Initialization code
}
}

Parameterized Constructor: A parameterized constructor is a constructor


that accepts parameters. It allows you to initialize instance variables with
specific values when an object is created.

public class Person {


private String name;
private int age;
// Parameterized constructor
public Person(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}}
A copy constructor is a special constructor in a class that creates a new
object by copying the values from an existing object of the same class.
Here's a simple program demonstrating the concept of a copy constructor
in Java:

public class Student {


private String name;
private int age;

// Parameterized constructor
public Student(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}

// Copy constructor
public Student(Student other) {
this.name = other.name;
this.age = other.age;
}

// Getter methods
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {


// Creating a Student object using the parameterized constructor
Student student1 = new Student("Alice", 20);

// Creating another Student object using the copy constructor


Student student2 = new Student(student1);

// Displaying the details of both students


System.out.println("Student 1:");
System.out.println("Name: " + student1.getName());
System.out.println("Age: " + student1.getAge());

System.out.println("\nStudent 2 (copied from Student 1):");


System.out.println("Name: " + student2.getName());
System.out.println("Age: " + student2.getAge());
}
}
We have a Student class with two private instance variables name and
age.
We define a parameterized constructor that takes name and age as
parameters to initialize a Student object.
We also define a copy constructor that takes another Student object as a
parameter and copies its name and age values to initialize a new Student
object.
In the main method, we create a Student object student1 using the
parameterized constructor.
Then, we create another Student object student2 using the copy
constructor, passing student1 as a parameter.
Finally, we print out the details of both students to verify that the copy
constructor correctly copied the values from student1 to student2.
output:
Student 1:
Name: Alice
Age: 20

Student 2 (copied from Student 1):


Name: Alice
Age: 20

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