Scribd
Upload
22 views

Simpson's Rules

The document discusses Simpson's rules, which are mathematical formulas used to approximate the area under a curve using ordinates. It describes Simpson's first rule, second rule, and the five-eighths minus one rule. It also discusses using Simpson's rules to calculate volumes, areas with an awkward number of ordinates, centroids, and centers of gravity.

Uploaded by

nishant85408
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views

Simpson's Rules

The document discusses Simpson's rules, which are mathematical formulas used to approximate the area under a curve using ordinates. It describes Simpson's first rule, second rule, and the five-eighths minus one rule. It also discusses using Simpson's rules to calculate volumes, areas with an awkward number of ordinates, centroids, and centers of gravity.

Uploaded by

nishant85408
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

Simpson’s rules

Capt. S. Viswanathan
Simpson’s first rule
• First Rule can also be used to
find the area under a curve of
the third order
• A coefficient of 1/3 with
multipliers of 1, 4, 1, etc.
• Y1, y2, y3….. Are ordinates
• h – distance between ordinates
Simpson’s 2nd rule
• Second Rule can also be used
to find the area under a curve
of the 4th order
• A coefficient of 3/8 with
multipliers of 1, 3, 3, 1, etc.
• Y1, y2, y3,y4….. are ordinates
• h – distance between ordinates
5, 8, -1 rule
• This is the Five/eight (or Five/eight
minus one) rule, and is used to find
the area between two consecutive
ordinates when three consecutive
ordinates are known
• A coefficient of 1/12 with
multipliers of 5, 8, -1, etc.
Areas of water-planes and similar figures using
extensions of Simpson’s Rules
Areas of water-planes and similar figures using
extensions of Simpson’s Rules
Volumes of ship shapes and similar figures
• Thus the volume of displacement of a
ship to any particular draft can be
found first by calculating the areas of
water-planes or transverse areas at
equidistant intervals and then using
these areas as ordinates to find the
volume by Simpson’s Rules.
Subdivided common intervals
Areas and volumes having an awkward number
of ordinates
• Occasionally the number of ordinates used is such that the area or
volume concerned cannot be found directly by use of either the
First or the Second Rule. In such cases the area or volume should be
divided into two parts, the area of each part being calculated
separately, and the total area found by adding the areas of the two
parts together.
Centroids and centres of gravity
To find the centre of flotation
• To find the area of a water-plane by
Simpson’s Rules, the half-breadths are
used as ordinates.
• If the moments of the half-ordinates about
any point are used as ordinates, then the
total moment of the area about that point
will be found.
• If the total moment is now divided by the
total area, the quotient will give the
distance of the centroid of the area from
the point about which the moments were
taken.
To find the KB
• First, the areas of water-planes are
calculated at equidistant intervals of draft
between the keel and the waterline.
• Then the volume of displacement is
calculated by using these areas as
ordinates in the rules.
• The moments of these areas about the
keel are then taken to find the total
moment of the underwater volume about
the keel.
• The KB is then found by dividing the total
moment about the keel by the volume of
displacement.
Assignments
• Roll number ending with 1 – 1,11
• Roll number ending with 2 – 2,12
• Roll number ending with 3 – 3,5
• Roll number ending with 4 – 4,6
• Roll number ending with 5 – 5,7
• Roll number ending with 6 – 6,8
• Roll number ending with 7 – 7,9
• Roll number ending with 8 – 8,10
• Roll number ending with 9 – 9,11
• Roll number ending with 0 – 10,12
• Thank you

You might also like