ASSIGNMENT 2: CHE531

Semester: Oct 2023 – Feb 2023

DR. ANA NAJWA MUSTAPA, DR. NORLIZA IBRAHIM,
Lecturer
DR. ASDARINA YAHYA, DR. NUR SHAHIDAH AB AZIZ

Programme EH220 : BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (HONS.) CHEMICAL

Course CHE531 : CHEMICAL PROCESS PRINCIPLES II

Credit Hours 3.0 : 3 hours Lecture and 1 hour Tutorial

Evaluation Group work : Assignment 2 30%

1.0 COURSE AND PROGRAMME OUTCOMES WITH COMPLEX ENGINEERING PROBLEMS &
KNOWLEDGE PROFILE

This project addresses one (1) course outcomes and one (1) programme outcomes (PO) which are mapped
to complex engineering problem characteristics (WP) and the required knowledge profiles (WK) as shown
in Table 1.

Table 1: Mapping of Course Outcomes-Programme Outcome- Complex Engineering Problems (WP) &
Knowledge Profile (WKs)

Course Programme Outcome Complex Engineering Knowledge Profile (WKs)

Outcomes Problems (WP)
CO2 – Analyze PO2: Identify, formulate, WP1 (Knowledge) – in WK3 (Engineering
problems related research literature and depth engineering fundamentals): A systematic,
to non-reactive, analyse complex knowledge at the level of theory-based formulation of
reactive and chemical engineering one or more of WK3, WK4, engineering fundamentals required
transient systems problems reaching WK5, WK6 or WK8 which in the engineering discipline.
substantiated allows a fundamental
conclusions using first based, first principles
CO3 – Evaluate
principles of
process problems analytical approach.
mathematics, natural
related to non-
reactive, reactive sciences and
engineering sciences. WP2 (Conflicting
and transient requirements) – wide-
balance ranging or conflicting
technical, engineering and
other issues.

WP3 (Analysis) - no
obvious solution and require
abstract thinking, originality
in analysis to formulate
suitable steel design
structural.
2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR THE PROJECT

At the end of this assignment, the students should be able to:

a) Apply the fundamental knowledge/basic concepts taught in the classroom to directly relate to
real-life engineering problems.
b) Participate actively in the real-life engineering topic of designing a chemical plant, especially
on the material and energy balance.
c) Analyze the identified problem and evaluate the solution.

3.0 DESCRIPTION

Ethylene and chlorine (streams 1 and 2) are fed in stoichiometric amounts at 25°C and 1
atm to a 1.5 atm bubble column reactor (R-100) that circulates the reactant gases via sparger
dispersion through liquid 1,2-dichloroethane that is maintained at 90°C by a cold-water stream (E-
100). The bubble column reactor design maximizes ethylene mass transfer and its use in industry
is well-characterized (Orejas, 2001). The product stream exiting the direct chlorination reactor is a
97% pure 1,2-dichloroethane stream (stream 3) with limited side reaction and unreacted feed
compounds. R-100 also contains ferric chloride that acts as a Lewis acid catalyst, polarizing
chlorine to increase its electrophilic activity and encourage attack on ethylene’s double bond (Wachi
& Asai, Kinetics of 1,2-Dichloroethane Formation from Ethylene and Cupric Chloride, 1994).
The 1,2-dichloroethane stream is joined by a recycle (producing stream 4) and fed through
a centrifugal pump (P-100; stream 5) and a fired-heat evaporator (E-101; stream 6) to achieve
pressurization to 26 atm, complete vaporization, and a temperature increase to 500°C. This stream
is flown into a pyrolysis furnace at the same temperature and pressure, where it is primarily
converted to vinyl chloride. Although a catalytic pyrolysis method exists, similar conversion levels
can be reached without a catalyst, making the non-catalytic approach a simpler, less expensive,
and more favorable method (Dreher, Torkelson, & Beutel, 2012; Rus, 2013). The furnace contents
are transferred to a quench tank (V-100; stream 7), which is maintained at 6°C and 12 atm by
circulating the liquid condensate exiting the pyrolysis furnace through a refrigerant-cooled
condenser system (P-101, E-102). The quench tank is a vital component of this process: Without
rapid cooling the pyrolysis reaction will continue, degrading desirable vinyl chloride and producing
additional unwanted side products.
The quench contents are fed to a 7-stage distillation column above stage 2 at 12 atm (T-
100; stream 8) where HCl is recovered at 97% purity in the distillate (stream 9) and the remainder
of the pyrolysis products are fed in the bottoms stream to a second, similar, 9-stage distillation
column above stage 3 at 4.8 atm (T-101; stream 10). This column yields a 97.6% pure vinyl chloride
stream in the distillate (stream 11) and the 1,2-dichloroethane-rich bottoms stream is recycled
ahead of the centrifugal pump (stream 12). The energy flow framework diagram (EFD) and process
flow diagram (PFD) for direct chlorination process are given in Figure 1 and 2, respectively.
Summaries data for all the processes is given in Table 1.
Figure 1: EFD for direct chlorination process.

Figure 2: PFD for direct chlorination process.

 Table 1: Summaries for direct chlorination process.

Reactions in direct chlorination reactor are:

Reactions in pyrolysis are:

4.0 YOUR TASK

Evaluate the heat attributed by one (1) reactive process and one (1) non-reactive process. Identify
and analyze all data (such as heat capacity or heat of formation of ALL components/compounds
involved). State ALL relevant assumptions used to help you with the evaluation and provide the
references necessary.

Derive a differential balance on total mass and vinyl chloride if Stream 11 is to be stored in a well-
mixed tank. Provide your initial conditions. Predict the volume of the tank to be installed if the tank
requires 10 hours to be fully filled.

5.0 SUBMISSION OF PROJECT

Date : 15th January 2024 (Monday)

Time released : 8 :00 am
Submission Due Date : 22nd January 2024 (Monday)
Submission Due Time : 10:00 am

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. This is a group assessment of 4 or 5 people. The assignment must be submitted in hardcopy and/or
softcopy (Please follow your respective lecturer on the submission format instructions).
2. Plagiarism is not allowed. PENALTY will be given to those involved.
3. Complete the assignment in 1 week.
4. Late submissions will not be entertained and considered as no submission.
5. The assignment should be submitted in the form of a report. The group number and name of the
group members should be stated in the report.

6.0 EVALUATION SCHEME

The project is evaluated in areas of (1) data, assumptions, and references, (2) detail of calculation, and (3)
transient system.

Prepared by: Vetted by: Moderated by:

DR. ANA NAJWA MUSTAPA DR. NOR FAEQAH IDRUS DR. ISTIKAMAH SUBUKI
Senior Lecturer School of Chemical OBE Committee
School of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering
Engineering, College of Engineering College of Engineering
UiTM Shah Alam UiTM, Shah Alam UiTM, Shah Alam

Date: 10/1/2024 Date: 12/1/2024 Date: 13/1/2024