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DCS17 - Exercise Seminar 2 - Design and Correction of Optical Systems

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DCS17 - Exercise Seminar 2 - Design and Correction of Optical Systems

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taloxiy869
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2017-04-28 Yueqian Zhang

Friedrich Schiller University Jena


Institute of Applied Physics
Albert-Einstein-Str 15
07745 Jena

Design and Correction of Optical Systems – Seminar 2

Exercise 2-1: Basic Concepts


a) It is necessary to understand the Cartesian sign convention to trace rays and calculate
optical system. Please mark the parameters in the following figure with their correct signs.

I
h I´
A U ϕ U´ A´

n n´

L L´

b) Please calculate the position of two principal points, h1 and h2 for the following lens. Then
discuss the relative principal plane location for 6 lens types: Biconvex, Plan-convex,
positive meniscus, biconcave, plan-concave, negative meniscus
H1 H2

R1 R2

h1 h2

d
Exercise 2-2: Sellmeier Dispersion Formula
The measured refractive indices of the glass BK7 are given by the following data:
0.3650100 1.5362680
0.4046600 1.5302390
0.4358300 1.5266850
0.4800000 1.5228290
0.4861300 1.5223760
0.5460700 1.5187220
0.5875600 1.5168000
0.5892900 1.5167280
0.6328000 1.5150890
0.6438500 1.5147190
0.6562700 1.5143220
0.7065200 1.5128920
0.8521100 1.5098030
1.0139800 1.5073080
1.0600000 1.5066880
1.5296000 1.5009070
1.9701000 1.4949480
2.3254000 1.4892120

where the first column represents the wavelength in μm, the second column gives the
corresponding indices.
Compute a numerical fit of these data by a 3-term Sellmeier dispersion formula. Check the model
representation for the given wavelengths 0.40466, 0.54607, 0.6328, 0.70652, 1.01398 μm and the
intermediate values λ=0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 1.0 μm. (Try to use Zemax and Matlab to calculate and
compare the results.)
Discuss your results. Estimate the overall accuracy. Do you think, three Sellmeier terms fit the
data well? What can be done to improve the results?

Exercise 2-3: Design of a Telephoto System


If a system combines a positive and a negative lens in a distance t, it is possible to move the
principal plane in front of the system. The focal length f of the system is then larger than the overall
size L. The so called telephoto factor is the ratio of system overall length (first lens until image
plane) to the focal length.
Calculate the individual focal lengths of both lenses as a function of given f, k and distance t
between the two lenses.
Discuss the theoretical and a practical ranges of validity of these equations. What is a useful range
for k in practice?

(Hint: tan(u)≈u)
lens 1 image
plane
lens 2

y
1
y
2

P'

s
f1
t
f
L=kf'

Exercise 2-4: Law of Refraction by Fermat Principle


Derive the law of refraction by the Fermat principle of the smallest optical path length between
two points above and below a plane interface. It is sufficient to consider only two dimensions.

n y1

i
x x1
x
0

y2 i'
n'

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